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Elektrikli Araçlara Özel Periyodik Bakım & Onarım Yaklaşımları

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 66 - 80, 31.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.1161081

Abstract

Küresel ölçekte elektrikli otomobil satışları 2021 yılında pandemi koşulları ve tedarik zincirinde yaşanan zorluklara rağmen rekor seviyeye ulaşarak, toplam elektrikli otomobil kullanımını 16,5 Milyonun üzerine çıkmasına ve söz konusu artışın yaklaşık 70% oranında bataryalı elektrikli araçlardan meydana gelmesine imkân sunmuştur. Birçok ülke tarafından bildirilen ve yakın geleceğe yönelik içten yanmalı motorlu araçların kısıtlamasına/yasaklanması dair açıklamalar; bu kapsamda sağlanan teşvikler, elektrikli araç pazarına olan yönelimi arttırmaktadır. Türkiye’de ise 2021 yılı verilerine göre elektrikli otomobil satışları, toplam satışlarının 5,03% karşılık gelmektedir. Artan elektrikli otomobil kullanımının, otomotiv endüstrisi için temel gereksinimlerden olan ve önemli bir ticari potansiyeli barındıran satış sonrası hizmet kulvarındaki bakım & onarım süreçlerine dair değişiklikleri beraberinde getirmesi beklenmektedir. Yapılan birçok araştırmada şehir içi kullanıma uygun elektrikli otomobillerin bakım & onarım maliyetlerinin, içten yanmalı motorlu otomobillere göre 20-35 % oranında daha ekonomik olduğu belirtilmektedir. Söz konusu bu avantaj özellikle filolar nezdinde daha da belirgin hale gelmekte; filolar için söz konusu maliyetlerin araç türüne ve kullanım amacına bağlı olarak araç bazında toplam sahip olma maliyetinin 7-12%' sine karşılık geldiği ifade edilmektedir.
Bu çalışmada elektrikli araçlara özel periyodik bakım & onarım yaklaşımlarına yer verilecektir. Türkiye özelinde çok yeni olan işbu konuya dair bakış açısının geliştirilmesi hedeflenmektedir. Mevcut durumda standartlardan uzak ve birçok belirsizlikler yaşandığı değerlendirilen elektrikli araçlara özel bakım & onarım faaliyetleri için bireysel / kurumsal (kamu) kullanıcılarına hitaben, içten yanmalı motorlu araçlardan farklı olarak, araçların güç sistem bileşenlerini esas alan temel bakım & onarım süreç ve prosedürlerine değinilerek; konuya dair farkındalık sağlanılması hedeflenmektedir.

Supporting Institution

Çalışma için herhangi bir destek almamıştır.

References

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  • [20] Topal, O., & Nakir, İ. (2018). Total Cost of Ownership Based Economic Analysis of Diesel, CNG and Electric Bus Concepts for the Public Transport in Istanbul City. Energies, 11(9), 2369. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11092369.
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Periodic Maintenance & Repair Approaches for Electric Vehicles

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 66 - 80, 31.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.1161081

Abstract

Global electric vehicles sales reached a record level in 2021 despite pandemic conditions and difficulties in the supply chain. Total electric car use has exceeded 16.5 Million. Approximately 70% of this increase consists of battery-powered electric vehicles. Statements regarding the restriction/prohibition of internal combustion engine vehicles for the near future announced by many countries; Incentives provided in this context increase the orientation towards the electric vehicle market. In Turkey, electric car sales correspond to 5.03% of total sales, according to 2021 data. The increasing use of electric cars is expected to bring about changes in maintenance & repair processes in the after-sales service line, which is one of the basic requirements for the automotive industry and has a significant commercial potential. In many studies, it is stated that the maintenance & repair costs of electric cars suitable for urban use are 20-35% more economical than cars with internal combustion engines. This advantage becomes even more evident especially for fleets. It is stated that these costs for fleets correspond to 7-12% of the total cost of ownership on a vehicle basis, depending on the vehicle type and purpose of use.
In this study, periodic maintenance & repair approaches specific to electric cars will be included. It is aimed to develop a perspective on this subject, which is very new in Turkey. It is addressed to individual / corporate (public) users for maintenance & repair activities specific to electric vehicles, which are considered to be far from standards and have many uncertainties in the current situation. By mentioning the basic maintenance & repair processes and procedures based on the power system components of the vehicles, different from the internal combustion engine vehicles; It is aimed to raise awareness on the subject.

References

  • [1] International Energy Agency, Global EV Outlook 2022, Securing supplies for an electric future. Available online: https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/ad8fb04c-4f75-42fc-973a-6e54c8a4449a/GlobalElectricVehicleOutlook2022.pdf (Accessed on 3 July 2022)
  • [2] Otomotiv Distribütörleri Derneği, Sektörel Raporlar, Perakende Satışlar, Available online: https://www.odd.org.tr/web_2837_1/neuralnetwork.aspx?type=35 (Accessed on 13 June 2022)
  • [3] Tavares, C. M., & Szpytko, J. (2016). Vehicles emerging technologies from maintenance perspective. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 49(28), 67-72.
  • [4] The Global Electric Car Sales 2021 in Numbers, JATO Dynamics Limited Available online: https://www.jato.com/the-global-electric-car-sales-2021-in-numbers/ (Accessed on 23 July 2022)
  • [5] Renault Group Electric Mobility, Know About Electric Car Maintenance Available online: https://www.renaultgroup.com/en/news-on-air/news/all-there-is-to-know-about-electric-car-maintenance (Accessed on 27 July 2022)
  • [6] RAC Elektric Cars Breakdown Center, EV maintenance, service and repairs guide. Available online: https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/electric-cars/running/ev-maintenance-service-and-repairs-guide/ (Accessed on 27 July 2022)
  • [7] Institute of the Motor Industry, Electric Vehicle Maintenance Standards, Available online: https://www.theimi.org.uk/sites/default/files/documents/536776.pdf (Accessed on 15 June 2022)
  • [8] Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung (DGUV) Information 209-093 Training for work on vehicles with high voltage systems. Available online: https://aftermarket.zf.com/remotemedia/new-structure-2020/zf-aftermarket/pdf-s/training-high-voltage-vehicles-200-006-en.pdf (Accessed on 15 June 2022)
  • [9] Red Seal Program, The National Occupational Analyses (NOA) for Canada. Available online: www.red-seal.ca. (Accessed on 15 June 2022)
  • [10] Ulusal Meslek Standartlarının ve Ulusal Yeterliliklerin Hazırlanması Hakkında Yönetmelik, 19/10/2015 tarihli ve 29507 sayılı Resmî Gazete, Available online: https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2015/10/20151019.htm. (Accessed on 15 June 2022).
  • [11] Mesleki Yeterlilik Kurumu, Ulusal Meslek Standartlarinin Ve Ulusal Yeterliliklerin Hazirlanmasi Hakkinda Yönetmeliğe göre Bataryalı Elektrikli Araç Bakım&Onarımcısı tanımı
  • [12] Delphi Technologies Diagnostic Tool, DS Diagnostic Vehicle Communication Interface (VCI). Available online: https://www.delphiautoparts.com/gbr/en/resource-center/how-tell-you-have-authentic-delphi-technologies-diagnostic-tool (Accessed on 15 June 2022).
  • [13] Cooper, C., Breck, A., Brill, L., Cutler, C. J., Epstein, A. K., Patel, R., ... & Welty, K. (2019). Cambridge Clean Fleet Initiative: 2030 GHG Reduction Scenarios and Proposed Target (No. DOT-VNTSC-CDPW-19-01). John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (US).
  • [14] Preston B. (2020), Pay Less for Vehicle Maintenance with an EV. Customer Reports, Available online: https://www.consumerreports.org/car-repair-maintenance/pay-less-for-vehicle-maintenance-with-an-ev/
  • [15] Topal, O. (2022). A novel on the retrofit from CNG buses to electric buses for rubber-tyred wheeled public transportation systems. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1177/09544070221093184
  • [16] Laukkonen J. (2021), EV Maintenance and Repairs, Lifewire Tech for Humans . Available online: https://www.lifewire.com/ev-maintenance-and-repairs-101-5203350
  • [17] U.S Departmet of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Alternative Fuels Data Center.Maintenance and Safety of Electric Vehicles, Available online: https://afdc.energy.gov/files/u/publication/electric_vehicles.pdf (Accessed on 08 August 2022).
  • [18] The Top 5 Common Repairs for Electric Cars, autoTECH Blackhawk. Available online: https://autotechblackhawk.com/repairs-for-electrical-cars/the-top-5-common-repairs-for-electric-cars/ (Accessed on 5 August 2022).
  • [19] Fedele, L. (2011). Methodologies and techniques for advanced maintenance. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • [20] Topal, O., & Nakir, İ. (2018). Total Cost of Ownership Based Economic Analysis of Diesel, CNG and Electric Bus Concepts for the Public Transport in Istanbul City. Energies, 11(9), 2369. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11092369.
  • [21] TüvSud Türkiye, Elektrikli ve Hibrit Araçlarda Bakım&Güvenlik Eğitimi, ELCR-001
  • [22] Instructions for Lithium-ion Battery Firefighting in Electric Vehicle fires, Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung (DGUV). Available online: https://publikationen.dguv.de/widgets/pdf/download/article/3926 (Accessed on 08 August 2022).
  • [23] Topal, O. (2019). Türkiye Toplu Ulaşım Sisteminde Elektrikli Otobüsler. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (15), 155-167.
  • [24] Anonim (2022). Sustainable-bus Magazine. https://www.sustainable-bus.com/news/bus-fire-paris-ratp//, (Erişim tarihi: 10 Ağustos 2022)
  • [25] Anonim (2022). Sustainable-bus.Magazine https://www.sustainable-bus.com/news/reasons-why-electric-buses-vehicles-fire/, (Erişim tarihi: 10 Ağustos 2022)
  • [26] Anonim (2022). Automotive After Sales 2015, http://www.adlittle.com/tadlreports/Automotive_after_ales_2015_01.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 1.08.2016).
  • [27] Gönüller, Ş., & Taşkin, Ç. (2018). Satiş Sonrasi Hizmetlerde Müşteri Sadakatinin Öncülleri: Mercedes Otomobil Markasi Üzerine Bir Araştirma. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(32), 113-134.
  • [28] Shahnoush S. Fard ve Seyed M. Hosseini, “Performance Measurement of the After-Sales Service Network: Evidence from the Automotive Industry”, Management Science Letters, No. 2, 2015, s. 927.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Orhan Topal 0000-0003-3857-5689

Publication Date January 31, 2023
Submission Date August 12, 2022
Acceptance Date January 11, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

IEEE O. Topal, “Periodic Maintenance & Repair Approaches for Electric Vehicles”, El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 66–80, 2023, doi: 10.31202/ecjse.1161081.
Creative Commons License El-Cezeri is licensed to the public under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.
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