A Hellenistic Rhodıan Fort in The Terrıtory of The Ancıent Settlement of Thera in Karia: Çatalkaya

Year 2023, Volume: 2 Issue: 31, 95 - 126, 28.10.2023

Sinan Paksoy

https://doi.org/10.51493/egearkeoloji.1150748

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Çatalkaya Fort, located 670 m south of Okkataş Hill, the acropolis of the Ancient City of Thera, is a Hellenistic version of the rural defense architecture systematically built from the Hecatomnid Period to the Rhodian rule in Hellenistic Karia. As illustrated by its topographic position and confirmed by the archaeological evidence, Çatalkaya Fort strengthens the Rhodian fortification network in the north of the Keramos Gulf in addition to defending and securing the territory of the Ancient City of Thera. This fortification which has a very strategic position in the region of the Rhodian Peraia provides essential information about the Rhodian defense and administration policy in the Hellenistic Period. With this location, Çatalkaya Fort also submits the military aspects of the Hellenistic Rhodian administration in Peraia. In this study, the topographical layout and the architectural characteristics of the Çatalkaya Fort have been described; furthermore, its geostrategic position in Subject Peraia has been regarded together with the geopolitical conditions in the Hellenistic period based on the historical sources. Therefore, the connection between the Çatalkaya Fort and the Ancient City of Thera has been investigated. Additionally, the garrison mission and the historical identity of the builders and the defenders of the Çatalkaya Fort have been considered.

Keywords

Karia, Thera, Koinon, Rhodian Peraia, Hellenistic Fortification.

Karia’daki Antik Thera Yerleşiminin Arazisinde Hellenistik Bir Rodos Kalesi: Çatalkaya Kalesi

Abstract

Thera akropolünün bulunduğu Okkataş Tepesi’nin 670 m güneyinde yer alan Çatalkaya Kalesi, Hekatomnidler Döneminden Rodos egemenliğine kadar Karia’da sistemli olarak inşa edilen kırsal savunma yapılarının Hellenistik bir modelidir. Kalenin topoğrafik konumunun ve arkeolojik verilerin işaret ettiği gibi Çatalkaya Kalesi, Thera Kenti’nin savunmasına katkıda bulunmasının yanı sıra Keramos Körfezi’nin kuzeyindeki Rodos tahkimat ağını da güçlendirmektedir. Rodos’un askeri ve idari denetimine tabi olan “Bağlı” Peraia arazisinde stratejik konuma sahip olan tahkimat, Hellenistik Dönemde bölgenin savunma düzeninin anlaşılmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu konumuyla tahkimat yapısı aynı zamanda Rodos Devleti’nin Peraia’daki idari yapılanmasının askeri kimliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmada Çatalkaya Kalesi’nin topoğrafik planı ve karakteristik mimari özellikleri tanımlanmakta, ayrıca tarihi verilere dayanarak Çatalkaya Kalesi’nin Bağlı Peraia’daki konumu, Hellenistik Dönemin jeopolitik koşulları içerisinde ele alınmaktadır. Böylece Çatalkaya’daki tahkimatın Thera yerleşimi ile olan ilişkisi incelenmekte, aynı zamanda yapının garnizon görevi, tahkimatın kurucuları ve muhafızlarının tarihi kimliğine dair değerlendirmeler yapılmaktadır.

Keywords

Karia, Thera, Koinon, Rodos Peraiası, Hellenistik Tahkimat

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