Öz
17.
yüzyılın hemen başında uzun soluklu Hindistan serüvenine başlayan İngiltere
menşeli Doğu Hindistan Şirketi, bu topraklarda kalıcı olmak istiyordu. Bu
doğrultuda bölgeye gelen devletlerin aksine öncelikli olarak daha ılımlı ve
kalıcı ticari ilişkilere yönelen şirket kısa zamanda Babürlü sarayında bir etkinlik
sahası tesis etti. Sahip olduğu etkinliği ve beraberindeki kazanımlarını koruma
zorunluluğu doğduğundan askeri yapılanma politikası gütmeye başladı. Özellikle
ticari merkezlerin korunması konusunda hassas bir politika güden şirket, İngiliz
askerlerin yanında yine İngiliz subayların emri altında olmak üzere asker
ihtiyacını yerli halktan karşılamaya başladı. Başlarda var olan yüksek sadakat
yerini bağımsızlık dürtülerinden beslenen ayaklanmaya bıraktı. İngiliz Doğu
Hindistan Şirketi’nin yetiştirdiği askerler şimdi İngilizlere karşı duruyorlardı.
Birçok sebebin sonucunda yardımcı birlikten isyancı asi ordusuna dönüşen
Sepoylar işte bu noktada Hindistan tarihinde bağımsızlık hareketinin öncüleri
olarak anılacaklardı. Bu çalışma, Sepoyların İngiliz Doğu Hindistan Şirketi
ordusunun bünyesine nasıl dahil olduklarından bahsedecek ve sonrasında hangi
nedenlerden dolayı bir ayaklanma başlattıkları üzerinde duracaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
indistan Babürlü İmparatorluğu İngiltere Doğu Hindistan Şirketi Sepoy Ayaklanması
Kaynakça
- Anderson 1916 G. Anderson, British Administration in India, Macmillan and Co., Limited, London.
- Beveridge 1862 Henry Beveridge, A Comprehensive History of India - Civil Military and Social, Vol II, London.
- Blackburn 2007 Terence R. Blackburn, A Miscellany of Mutinies and Massacres in India, APH Publishing, New Delhi.
- Chartrand ve Leliepvre 1998 Rene Chartrand ve Eugene Leliepvre, Louis XV’s Army (5) Colonial and Naval Troops, Series Ed. Lee Johnson, Men-At-Arms Series 313, Osprey.
- Dodwell 1922 Henry Dodwell, Sepoy Recruiment in the Old Madras Army, Studies in Indian Records, Published by the Indian Historical Records Commission, Curator of Madras Record Office, Calcutta.
- Edwardes 1963 Michael Edwardes, Battles of The Indian Mutiny, London.
- Fraser-Tytler 1950 W. K. Fraser-Tytler, Afghanistan A Study of Political Developments in Central Asia, Oxford University Press, London.
- Gazdar 1945 Manek J. Gazdar, The British Case Against India, Kitab Mahal National Broadcast Series No. 4, First Edition, Allahabad.
- Gulabrao 2016 Bhosale Mrunal Gulabrao, “A Study Of Battle Of Plassey”, Scholarly Research Journal For Humanity Science & English Language, Vol. 3/14, Feb-Mar., s. 3546-3550.
- Gupta 1963 Pratul Chandra Gupta, Nana Sahib and The Rising at Cawnpore,Clarendon Press, Oxford.
- Gupta 2006 Om Gupta, Encyclopaedia of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, Vol IV, Isha Books, Delhi.
- Harrington 1994 Peter Harrington, Plassey, 1757: Clive of India's Finest Hour. Greenwood, General Ed. David G. Chandler, Campaign Series 35, Osprey.
- Hawkins 1878 Sir John Hawkins, The Hawkins’ Voyages During The Reigns of Henry VIII, Queen Elizabeth and James I., Ed. Clements R. Markham, London.
- Houghs 1853 William Houghs, Political and Military Events In British India From The Years 1756 to 1849, Vol I, London.
- Jayavelu 2018 S. Jayavelu, “The Vellore Mutiny-1806”, International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations In Technology, Vol. 4, Issue 2, s. 38-41.
- Kashani 1996 Manoochehr Aryanpur Kashani, The Aryanpur Progressive Persian-English Dictionary, One Volume, Concise, Webster’s Collegiate Thesaurus.
- Kulke ve Rothermund 2001 Hermann Kulke ve Dietmar Rothermund, Hindistan Tarihi, Çev. Müfit Günay, İmge Kitabevi, İstanbul.
- Majumdar 1957 R. C. Majumdar, The Sepoy Mutiny and The Revolt of 1857, Published by Srimati S. Chaudhuri, Calcutta.
- Malleson 1891 G. B. Malleson, The Indian Mutiny of 1857, London.
- Mehra 1985 Parshotam Mehra, A Dictionary of Modern Indian History, 1707-1947, Oxford University Press.
- Muter 1911 Mrs. Muter, My Recollections of The Sepoy Revolt (1857-58), London.
- Plliay 1957 K. K. Plliay, “The Causes of The Vellore Mutiny”, Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, Vol. 20 Indian History Congress, s. 306-311.
- Roe 1967 Sir Thomas Roe, The Embassy of Sir Thomas Roe to India 1615-1619, Vol I, Ed. William Foster, Hakluyt Society.
- Sinclair 1857 William Sinclair, The Sepoy Mutinies Their Origin and Their Cure, London.
- Sinha 1941 N. K. Sinha, Haidar Ali 1721-1779, Vol I, Calcutta Oriental Press, Calcutta.
- Dictionary 1962 The Reader’s Digest Great Encyclopaedic Dictionary, Vol 2, Oxford University Press.
- The Publications Division 1957 The Publications Division, 1857: A Pictorial Presentation, Government of India, Patiala House, New Delhi.
- Tilby 1912 A. Wyatt Tilby, The English People Overseas British India 1600-1828, Boston, New York, Houghton Mifflin Company.
- Walter 1960 Scoot Walter, History of The Sepoy War, Boston, Shambhala.
Öz
The British origin East India Company,
which started its long-running adventure of India at the beginning of the 17th
century, wanted to be permanent in this land. In this direction, as opposed to
the states coming to the region, the company, which primarily directed to more
moderate and permanent commercial relations, established an activity area in
the Mughal Palace in a short time. Since it is necessary to protect its
activity and its accomplishments, it has started a policy of military
structuring. The company which has a sensitive policy was especially in the
protection of commercial centres. In order to increase the number of soldiers
benefited from the local soldiers with name Sepoy. These soldiers were under
the command of British officers. Initially, the high fidelity left by the
insurrection fed by the independence impulses. The soldiers of the British East
India Company were now standing against the British. At this point, Sepoys, who
became a rebel army as a result of many reasons, were referred to as the
pioneers of the independence movement in the history of India. This study will focus
on how Sepoys are involved in the army of the British East India Company, and
then for what reasons they start an uprising.
Anahtar Kelimeler
India Mughal Empire England East India Company Sepoy Uprising.
Kaynakça
- Anderson 1916 G. Anderson, British Administration in India, Macmillan and Co., Limited, London.
- Beveridge 1862 Henry Beveridge, A Comprehensive History of India - Civil Military and Social, Vol II, London.
- Blackburn 2007 Terence R. Blackburn, A Miscellany of Mutinies and Massacres in India, APH Publishing, New Delhi.
- Chartrand ve Leliepvre 1998 Rene Chartrand ve Eugene Leliepvre, Louis XV’s Army (5) Colonial and Naval Troops, Series Ed. Lee Johnson, Men-At-Arms Series 313, Osprey.
- Dodwell 1922 Henry Dodwell, Sepoy Recruiment in the Old Madras Army, Studies in Indian Records, Published by the Indian Historical Records Commission, Curator of Madras Record Office, Calcutta.
- Edwardes 1963 Michael Edwardes, Battles of The Indian Mutiny, London.
- Fraser-Tytler 1950 W. K. Fraser-Tytler, Afghanistan A Study of Political Developments in Central Asia, Oxford University Press, London.
- Gazdar 1945 Manek J. Gazdar, The British Case Against India, Kitab Mahal National Broadcast Series No. 4, First Edition, Allahabad.
- Gulabrao 2016 Bhosale Mrunal Gulabrao, “A Study Of Battle Of Plassey”, Scholarly Research Journal For Humanity Science & English Language, Vol. 3/14, Feb-Mar., s. 3546-3550.
- Gupta 1963 Pratul Chandra Gupta, Nana Sahib and The Rising at Cawnpore,Clarendon Press, Oxford.
- Gupta 2006 Om Gupta, Encyclopaedia of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, Vol IV, Isha Books, Delhi.
- Harrington 1994 Peter Harrington, Plassey, 1757: Clive of India's Finest Hour. Greenwood, General Ed. David G. Chandler, Campaign Series 35, Osprey.
- Hawkins 1878 Sir John Hawkins, The Hawkins’ Voyages During The Reigns of Henry VIII, Queen Elizabeth and James I., Ed. Clements R. Markham, London.
- Houghs 1853 William Houghs, Political and Military Events In British India From The Years 1756 to 1849, Vol I, London.
- Jayavelu 2018 S. Jayavelu, “The Vellore Mutiny-1806”, International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations In Technology, Vol. 4, Issue 2, s. 38-41.
- Kashani 1996 Manoochehr Aryanpur Kashani, The Aryanpur Progressive Persian-English Dictionary, One Volume, Concise, Webster’s Collegiate Thesaurus.
- Kulke ve Rothermund 2001 Hermann Kulke ve Dietmar Rothermund, Hindistan Tarihi, Çev. Müfit Günay, İmge Kitabevi, İstanbul.
- Majumdar 1957 R. C. Majumdar, The Sepoy Mutiny and The Revolt of 1857, Published by Srimati S. Chaudhuri, Calcutta.
- Malleson 1891 G. B. Malleson, The Indian Mutiny of 1857, London.
- Mehra 1985 Parshotam Mehra, A Dictionary of Modern Indian History, 1707-1947, Oxford University Press.
- Muter 1911 Mrs. Muter, My Recollections of The Sepoy Revolt (1857-58), London.
- Plliay 1957 K. K. Plliay, “The Causes of The Vellore Mutiny”, Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, Vol. 20 Indian History Congress, s. 306-311.
- Roe 1967 Sir Thomas Roe, The Embassy of Sir Thomas Roe to India 1615-1619, Vol I, Ed. William Foster, Hakluyt Society.
- Sinclair 1857 William Sinclair, The Sepoy Mutinies Their Origin and Their Cure, London.
- Sinha 1941 N. K. Sinha, Haidar Ali 1721-1779, Vol I, Calcutta Oriental Press, Calcutta.
- Dictionary 1962 The Reader’s Digest Great Encyclopaedic Dictionary, Vol 2, Oxford University Press.
- The Publications Division 1957 The Publications Division, 1857: A Pictorial Presentation, Government of India, Patiala House, New Delhi.
- Tilby 1912 A. Wyatt Tilby, The English People Overseas British India 1600-1828, Boston, New York, Houghton Mifflin Company.
- Walter 1960 Scoot Walter, History of The Sepoy War, Boston, Shambhala.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | MAKALELER |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 26 Temmuz 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 34 Sayı: 1 |
