Evaluation of Defensive Medicine Behaviours in Various Medical Specialties and Titles: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Abstract

Objective: Defensive medicine is increasingly prevalent among physicians worldwide, including in Turkey. This study aims to explore physicians’ views and tendencies regarding defensive medicine, define the concept and practices in light of the literature, and examine the reasons and consequences of such practices. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 390 physicians working in Edirne province and its districts, using the Defensive Medicine Practices Attitude Scale. Results: The most common positive defensive medicine practices reported were placing greater emphasis on informed consent forms, keeping more detailed patient records, and providing patients with more thorough explanations of medical procedures. The most common negative defensive practice was avoiding patients perceived as having a high likelihood of initiating legal action. Overall, 85% of the participants stated they were familiar with the concept of defensive medicine. Physicians with lower professional seniority, particularly those working in state or university hospitals, demonstrated a stronger tendency toward defensive practices. Conclusion: This study, in line with previous research, shows that defensive medicine practices are widely adopted among physicians. To reduce these tendencies, it is essential to establish a healthcare system and legal framework that enable physicians to practice in accordance with ethical principles. Addressing the underlying factors driving defensive behaviors and implementing necessary improvements by healthcare authorities are crucial.

Keywords

• Attitude
• defensive medicine
• physicians

References

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