DİJİTAL KAYNAK TASARIMLARININ TİPOGRAFİK ÖZELLİKLERİ ve DİJİTAL OKURYAZARLIK

Year 2023, , 79 - 104, 30.10.2023

Faruk Dursun

https://doi.org/10.32433/eje.1185173

Abstract

Dijital okuryazarlık 2000’li yılların başında tanıtılmış, genellikle yalnızca teknik kullanıma odaklanan bir kavramdan bilişsel, eleştirel ve sorumlu bakış açılarını içeren daha kapsamlı bir fikre evrilmiştir. Önceleri bilgisayar kullanımıyla ilişkilendirilmiş teknolojik gelişmeler ışığında “teknik”, “bilişsel” ve “sosyal-duygusal” olmak üzere üç farklı kategori gibi görünse de bu üç kategorinin kesiştiği noktada incelenmiştir. Teknik boyut, çevresel aygıtların kullanımı, dosyaların korunması, sorun giderme, uygulama arama, yükleme ve veri aktarımı gibi teknik ve operasyonel becerilerle, bilişsel boyut, dijital bilgiyi arama ve değerlendirmede, belirli görevler için uygun yazılımı seçmede ve yeni anlayışı en iyi şekilde gösteren ürünler yaratmada eleştirel düşünme yeteneği, sosyal-duygusal boyut, interneti sosyalleşme, iletişim kurma ve öğrenme amaçlarına uygun olarak kullanmak, bireyin güvenliğini ve mahremiyetini korumakla ilgilidir. UNESCO dijital okuryazarlığı istihdam, insana yakışır işler ve girişimcilik için dijital teknolojiler aracılığıyla güvenli ve uygun bir şekilde bilgiye erişme, yönetme, anlama, entegre etme, iletişim kurma, değerlendirme ve bilgi oluşturma yeteneği olarak tanımlamaktadır. Dijital okuryazarlığın çerçevesi dijital dünyadaki bilgilere erişim, anlama, analiz etme ve paylaşma olarak çizilmiştir. Bu çalışmada dijital kaynakların görsel tasarımlarının tipografik olarak dijital okuryazarlığa katkısı genel tanımda yer alan “anlama” kavramından hareketle incelenmiştir. Tipografik olarak etkili şekilde tasarlanmayan dijital kaynaklara erişim her ne kadar kolay olsa ve kaynak doğru veriler içerse de tasarım boyutuyla sorunlu olması hâlinde “anlama” sürecini tetikleyemeyeceği için diğer adımlar da eksik kalacaktır. Bu çalışmada eğitim odaklı tasarlanan dijital kaynak uygulama örneklerinden biri olan ve İngilizce eğitim öğretimi için kullanılan KIDS A-Z dijital uygulaması incelenmiştir. Etkili tasarım yöntemleriyle yaratılan bir dijital kaynağın erişim sağlayıcılara yaratacağı kolaylıklar tartışma ve öneriler kısmında paylaşılmıştır.

Keywords

Tipografi, Dijital Okuryazarlık, Dijital kaynak

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