Schema of Analogical Reasoning - Thinking Process in Example Analogies Problem

Year 2020, Volume: 20 Issue: 88, 87 - 104, 20.07.2020

Kristayulita Krıstayulıta Toto Nusantara Abdur Rahman As’arı Cholis Sa’dıjah

Abstract

Purpose: Analogical reasoning has been studied using a variety of tasks that generally required consideration of the relationship between the object and its integration to conclude an analog schema. The aim of this study was to describe the model of analogical reasoning schema based on some analogical problems.

Research Method: In this study used a qualitative research approach with design research is the case study. Data were taken from 16-year-old high school students, West Nusa Tenggara Indonesia. The researcher selected 4 students who answered two analogical problems correctly and used in analyzing qualitative data.

Findings: The findings showed that there is a difference in the schema. The first type is that students can directly map between target problem and source problem, followed by structuring, applying, and verifying. The second type is that the student can not directly map between the target problem with the source problem, but the student needs to do a representation of the target problem so as to find a form of problem that has similarities with the source problem. Then the student can map between target problem with source problem, followed by doing the process as the first schema type.

The Implication for Research and Practice: Findings of this study may have an impact on the way teachers teach mathematics on the analogical problems they use. Teachers can consider mathematical problems used in learning so that students easily understand the theory from the concepts being taught. And then, teachers need to develop an analogical problem that can develop critical and creative thinking to enhance the creativity of high school students with their analogical reasoning.

Keywords

Schema, analogical reasoning, analogies problem

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