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Year 2016, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 74 - 81, 18.12.2016

Abstract

References

  • Aruga, K., Hiyamizu, G., Nakahata, C. and Saito, M., 2013a. Effects of aggregating forests, establishing forest road networks, and mechanization on operational efficiency and costs in a mountainous region in Japan. Journal of Forestry Research, 24: 747–754.
  • Aruga, K., Murakami, A., Nakahata, C., Yamaguchi, R., Saito, M. and Kanetsuki, K., 2013b. A model to estimate available timber and forest biomass and reforestation expenses in a mountainous region in Japan. Journal of Forestry Research, 24: 345–356.
  • Forestry Agency of Japan, 2013. Annual report on trends in forest and forestry: fiscal year 2012 (summary). Forestry Agency of Japan, Tokyo.
  • Ishikawa, T., Tsujibata, T., Matsushita, A., Itaya, A., Hamamoto, K. and Tsujibata, T., 2008. Operation analysis and improvement of a logging system using high-performance forestry machines in a mature forest. Journal of the Japan Forest Engineering Society, 23: 53–62 (in Japanese with English summary).
  • Mizuniwa, Y., Aruga, K. and Nakahata, C., 2014. An analysis on the productivity and cost for clear cutting in Nasu-machi forest owners’ cooperative. Kanto Forest Research, 65: 197-200 (in Japanese with English summary).
  • Mizuniwa, Y., Uemura, R., Aruga, K. and Nakahata, C., 2015. Examining the profitability of clear-cutting operations in Nasu Forest Owners’ Co-operative, Tochigi prefecture. Bulletin of Utsunomiya University Forest, 51:9–18 (in Japanese with English summary).
  • Mizuniwa, Y., Nakahata, C. and Aruga, K., 2016. Comparative analyses on the cycle time, productivity, and cost between commercial thinning and clear-cutting operations in Nasu-machi Forest Owners’ Co-operative, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Journal of Forest Research, 21:99–104.
  • Murakami, A., Ito, K., Saito, M., Aruga, K. and Tasaka, T., 2011. Extraction of production forests for sustainable forest management based on economic balances in the Kanuma Area of Tochigi Prefecture. Journal of Forest Planning, 10: 245-254.
  • Nakahata, C., Aruga, K., Takei, Y., Yamaguchi, R., Ito, K., Murakami, A., Saito, M., Tasaka, T. and Kanetsuki, K., 2011. Improvement on operational efficiencies and costs of extracting thinned woods using a processor and a forwarder in Nasunogahara area: based on comparative analyses of current operations and mechanized operations. Bulletin of Utsunomiya University Forest, 47: 27–34 (in Japanese with English summary).
  • Okawabata, O., 2003. An estimation of necessary manpower and cost of reforestation on cedar and cypress. Journal of the Japan Forest Engineering Society, 18: 195–200 (in Japanese).
  • Tochigi Prefectural Government, 2011. Forestation program standard unit cost table of fiscal year 2011. Tochigi Prefectural Government, Tochigi (in Japanese).
  • Yano, K., 2013. Approach for the forestry revitalization of the Tochigi prefecture northern district. Journal of the Japan Forest Engineering Society, 28:59–65 (in Japanese).
  • Zenkoku Ringyo Kairyo Fukyu Kyokai, 2001. Management of forestry mechanization. Zenkoku Ringyo Kairyo Fukyu Kyokai, Tokyo (in Japanese).

Analyses on Strip Road Networks and Profitability of Final Felling Operations Considering Regeneration Expenses at Nasu in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan

Year 2016, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 74 - 81, 18.12.2016

Abstract



In this study, strip road networks of final felling operations were
investigated, and then, effects of areas and road network densities on
operational costs were analyzed. Finally, total revenues and costs during a
55-year rotation were estimated and profitability of forest management during
that rotation was examined. It was found that road network densities of final
felling operations were significantly greater than those of thinning operations
because of avoiding residual tree damage in thinning operations and efficient
bunching operations in final felling. Minimum operational expenses of final
felling operations were less than those of thinning operations. Similar to the
thinning operations, lower volumes and greater road network densities increased
operational expenses; however, differences among minimum operational expenses
of final felling operations with various volumes and road network densities
were smaller than those of thinning operations. Site areas with minimum
operational expenses of final felling operations were smaller than those of
thinning operations. Final felling operations on smaller site areas would be
environmentally friendly. Total revenues and costs during the 55-year rotation
were USD 77,591.60/ha and USD 73,030.24/ha, respectively. Therefore, economic
balance during the rotation was USD 4,561.36/ha. Because subsidies during the
rotation were USD 27,542.89/ha, economic balance during the rotation with
subsidies were USD 32,104.25/ha. However, economic balances reduced according
to the reduced site index. This highlights the current situation in Japanese
forestry, in which many forest owners are unwilling to conduct regeneration
operations after final felling operations.




References

  • Aruga, K., Hiyamizu, G., Nakahata, C. and Saito, M., 2013a. Effects of aggregating forests, establishing forest road networks, and mechanization on operational efficiency and costs in a mountainous region in Japan. Journal of Forestry Research, 24: 747–754.
  • Aruga, K., Murakami, A., Nakahata, C., Yamaguchi, R., Saito, M. and Kanetsuki, K., 2013b. A model to estimate available timber and forest biomass and reforestation expenses in a mountainous region in Japan. Journal of Forestry Research, 24: 345–356.
  • Forestry Agency of Japan, 2013. Annual report on trends in forest and forestry: fiscal year 2012 (summary). Forestry Agency of Japan, Tokyo.
  • Ishikawa, T., Tsujibata, T., Matsushita, A., Itaya, A., Hamamoto, K. and Tsujibata, T., 2008. Operation analysis and improvement of a logging system using high-performance forestry machines in a mature forest. Journal of the Japan Forest Engineering Society, 23: 53–62 (in Japanese with English summary).
  • Mizuniwa, Y., Aruga, K. and Nakahata, C., 2014. An analysis on the productivity and cost for clear cutting in Nasu-machi forest owners’ cooperative. Kanto Forest Research, 65: 197-200 (in Japanese with English summary).
  • Mizuniwa, Y., Uemura, R., Aruga, K. and Nakahata, C., 2015. Examining the profitability of clear-cutting operations in Nasu Forest Owners’ Co-operative, Tochigi prefecture. Bulletin of Utsunomiya University Forest, 51:9–18 (in Japanese with English summary).
  • Mizuniwa, Y., Nakahata, C. and Aruga, K., 2016. Comparative analyses on the cycle time, productivity, and cost between commercial thinning and clear-cutting operations in Nasu-machi Forest Owners’ Co-operative, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Journal of Forest Research, 21:99–104.
  • Murakami, A., Ito, K., Saito, M., Aruga, K. and Tasaka, T., 2011. Extraction of production forests for sustainable forest management based on economic balances in the Kanuma Area of Tochigi Prefecture. Journal of Forest Planning, 10: 245-254.
  • Nakahata, C., Aruga, K., Takei, Y., Yamaguchi, R., Ito, K., Murakami, A., Saito, M., Tasaka, T. and Kanetsuki, K., 2011. Improvement on operational efficiencies and costs of extracting thinned woods using a processor and a forwarder in Nasunogahara area: based on comparative analyses of current operations and mechanized operations. Bulletin of Utsunomiya University Forest, 47: 27–34 (in Japanese with English summary).
  • Okawabata, O., 2003. An estimation of necessary manpower and cost of reforestation on cedar and cypress. Journal of the Japan Forest Engineering Society, 18: 195–200 (in Japanese).
  • Tochigi Prefectural Government, 2011. Forestation program standard unit cost table of fiscal year 2011. Tochigi Prefectural Government, Tochigi (in Japanese).
  • Yano, K., 2013. Approach for the forestry revitalization of the Tochigi prefecture northern district. Journal of the Japan Forest Engineering Society, 28:59–65 (in Japanese).
  • Zenkoku Ringyo Kairyo Fukyu Kyokai, 2001. Management of forestry mechanization. Zenkoku Ringyo Kairyo Fukyu Kyokai, Tokyo (in Japanese).
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Kazuhiro Aruga

Publication Date December 18, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Aruga, K. (2016). Analyses on Strip Road Networks and Profitability of Final Felling Operations Considering Regeneration Expenses at Nasu in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. European Journal of Forest Engineering, 2(2), 74-81.

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