Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların, Finansal Akımların ve Ticari Dışa Açıklığın Çevre Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkisi: E-7 Ülkelerinden Nedensellik Kanıtları

Öz

Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ekonomik büyümenin ve refah artışının gerçekleştirilmesinde doğrudan yabancı yarımlar ve finansal akımlar önemli yer tutmaktadır. Ancak doğrudan yatırımlar ve finansal akımlar çevre kalitesi üzerinde doğrudan ve dolaylı etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada E-7 ülkelerinde 1990-2018 döneminde doğrudan yabancı yatırımların, finansal akımların ve ticari dışa açıklığın çevre kalitesi üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Dumitrescu ve Hurlin nedensellik analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda seriler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisinin ülkeden ülkeye göre değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Ancak genel olarak, çevre kalitesi ile ticari dışa açıklık arasında çift yönlü nedensellik bulunmaktadır. Finansal akımlardan çevre kalitesine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik bulunurken, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ile çevre kalitesi arasında nedensellik tespit edilememiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar
• Ticari Dışa Açıklık
• Finansal Akımlar
• Çevre Kalitesi
• Ekonomik Büyüme.

The Impact of Foreign Direct Investments, Financial Flows, and Trade Openness on Environmental Quality: Evidence of Causality from E-7 Countries

Abstract

Foreign direct investments and financial flows are essential in realising economic growth and welfare increase in developing countries. However, these direct investments and financial flows directly and indirectly, affect environmental quality. This study aims to examine the effects of foreign direct investments, financial flows and trade openness on environmental quality in E-7 countries in the period 1990-2018. For this purpose, Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality analysis was performed. As a result of the causality analysis, the paper determines that the causality relationship between the series varies from country to country. However, in general, there is bidirectional causality between environmental quality and trade openness. While there is a uni-direction causality from financial flows to environmental quality, no causality can be found between foreign direct investments and environmental quality.

Keywords

• Foreign Direct Investments
• Trade Openness
• Financial Flows
• Environmental Quality
• Economic Growth.

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