The Effects of Season on Muscle Tissue Metal Levels of Apogon queketti Caught from Mersin Bay

Abstract

In addition to being a nutritious nutrient for human beings, seafood can also be dangerous with excessive metal accumulation. In this study, the metal levels of Apogon queketti species caught in the Northeast Mediterranean (Mersin Bay) were seasonally investigated. Besides, comprehensive risk estimation (EWI, THQ, TTHQ, CR) calculations were performed in adult and children in case of consumption of 1, 3 and 7 days a week in order to determine the possible health risks of A. queketti consumption. The findings were evaluated within the scope of Turkish Food Codex and other codexes valid worldwide. At the end of the study, A. queketti muscle was found to have high nutrient levels in terms of macro and trace elements but it could show potential toxicity for human health in terms of Cd and As levels. In addition, it was found that the metal levels differed in terms of seasonal factors. EWI values in all samples were found to be below the PTWI values. THQ was found as <1 (except for iAs values for children when exposure time 7 days/week). People should be attention the fact that TTHQ is close to 1 as a result of exposure time 3 days/week for children. The THQ value (0.9051) of As element for adults was close to the limit of danger. As the THQ (0.9051) of As element is close to the danger limit, after exposure time 3 days/week for adults, the TTHQ value was found to be >1. Pb levels were found to be low carcinogenic risk levels for consumers. CRiCd value is risky for children in 3 and 7 days of intake, while it poses a risk for adults after 7 days of intake. CRiAs values did not pose any risk for adults after 1 day of intake, but it posed a risk for both groups on all other identified intake days. Although it does not currently have a significant economic value and consumption rate, A.queketti has a rich macro and trace element content. It is determined that it will not have a negative impact on consumer health unless it is consumed intensively in terms of estimated weekly purchase rates. It can be concluded that metal levels of Apogon queketti should be regarded as a healthy diet component for animal or human nutrition.

Keywords

• Apogon queketti
• Season
• Risk levels
• Metal
• Mersin Bay

Mersin Körfezi'nden Yakalanan Apogon queketti Kas Dokusu Metal Seviyelerine Mevsimin Etkisi

Öz

Su ürünleri insanlar için besleyici bir besin olmalarının yanısıra içeriklerindeki aşırı metal birikimleri ile de tehlikeli olabilmektedirler. Bu çalışmada Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz’den (Mersin Körfezi) avlanan Apogon queketti türünün metal düzeyleri mevsimsel olarak araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca Apogon queketti tüketiminin tüketici sağlığı açısından olası risklerini öngörebilmek amacıyla haftada 1, 3 ve 7 gün tüketim durumlarında yetişkin ve çocuklarda kapsamlı risk değerlendirme (EWI, THQ, TTHQ, CRi) hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Bulgular, Türk Gıda Kodeksi ve dünya çapında geçerli olan diğer kodeksler kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda elde edilen bulgular Mersin Körfezi'nde yakalanan A. queketti türünün macro elementler ve iz elementler açısından besleyici düzeyinin yüksek olduğunu ancak Cd ve As düzeyleri açısından insan sağlığı için potansiyel toksisite gösterebileceğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ayrıca metal düzeylerinin mevsimsel açıdan farklılıklar gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Mevcut çalışmada incelenen tüm örneklerde EWI değerleri PTWI değerlerinin altında bulunmuştur. THQ<1 (çocuklar için haftada 7 gün tüketildiğinde iAs değeri haricinde) olarak belirlenmiştir. Çocuklarda 3 günlük tüketim neticesinde TTHQ'nun 1'e yakın olması nedeniyle dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir. Yetişkinlerdeki As elementinin THQ değerinin (0.9051) tehlike limite yakın olması nedeniyle 7 günlük tüketim sonrası TTHQ değeri >1 olarak bulunmuştur. Pb düzeylerinin tüketiciler için kanserojen risk düzeylerinin düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. CRiCd değeri 3 ve 7 günlük tüketimlerde çocuklar için riskli olurken yetişkinler için 7 günlük tüketim sonucu risk oluşturmaktadır. CRiAs değerleri ise yetişkinlerde 1 günlük alım sonrası risk oluşturmazken diğer tüm tespit edilen alım günlerinde her iki grup için risk oluşturduğu gözlenmiştir. Her ne kadar şuan ciddi bir ekonomik değere ve tüketim oranına sahip olmasa da, A.queketti zengin makro ve iz element içeriğine sahiptir. Haftalık tahmini alım oranları açısından yoğun tüketilmedikçe tüketici sağlığına yönelik olumsuz bir etkisi olmayacağı belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucu elde edilen bulgular ışığında Apogon queketti kas dokusu metal seviyelerinin hayvan veya insan beslenmesi için sağlıklı bir diyet bileşeni olarak kabul edilebileceği sonucuna varılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Apogon queketti
• Mevsim
• Risk düzeyleri
• Metal
• Mersin Körfezi

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