Selenium and Its Effects on Depression

Abstract

Daily intake of adequate doses is required to maintain health, prevent disease and slow down the aging process. Selenium; redox homeostasis, thyroid hormone metabolism, affecting the oxidative stress and inflammation protects the trace element with a wide area of pleiotropic effect. Selenium is vital for humans, but is a toxic element, depending on dose and specification.6 As with many other foods, the biological response to selenium depends on the sex, the nucleotide polymorphisms in the selenoprotein genes, the present state of the individual, the age of the individual and the presence of the disease. The active particle of selenium is selenocystein. Nutritional functions of selenium in humans are provided by selenoproteins, including selenocysteine. Knowing the role of selenoproteins in metabolism helps explain the consequences of selenium on human health. Glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) is the main selenoprotein found in most tissues in animals. Among the antioxidant defense theories, selenoproteins such as glutathione peroxidases (GPx) are thought to play an important role. The biosynthesis of selenoproteins depends on the presence of the essential trace element selenium. Thus, adequate intake of selenium is important for the preservation of brain function. Selenium deficiency may reveal many pathophysiological conditions including heart and neuromuscular disorders. While there is sufficient treatment for depression, a significant number of individuals still do not achieve improvement. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate modifiable risk factors and methods to prevent depression. Although the neuroprotective effect of selenium has not yet been clearly defined, the protective role of selenium in mood disorders may be related to the important effect of antioxidant defense. This review was conducted to investigate the effect of selenium on depression and other types of depression.

Keywords

• Selenium
• Depression
• Oxidative stress

Selenyum ve Selenyumun Depresyon Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Sağlığı korumak, hastalığı önlemek ve yaşlanma sürecini yavaşlatmak için yeterli dozlarda günlük Selenyum alımı gerekmektedir. Selenyum; redoks homeostazını, tiroid hormon metabolizmasını etkileyen, oksidatif stres ve inflamasyondan koruyan geniş bir pleiotropik etki alanına sahip eser elementtir. İnsanlar için hayati öneme sahip olmakla birlikte, doz ve spesifikasyona bağlı olarak toksik olabilecek bir elementtir. Diğer birçok besinde de olduğu gibi, selenyuma verilen biyolojik yanıtın cinsiyete, selenoprotein genlerindeki nükleotid polimorfizmlerine, bireydeki mevcut Se durumuna, bireyin yaşına ve hastalığın varlığına bağlı olduğu düşünülmelidir. Selenyumun aktif parçacığı selenosisteinlerdir. İnsanlarda selenyumun beslenme kaynaklı fonksiyonlar, selenosistein bulunduran, selenoproteinler ile sağlanır. Selenoproteinlerin metabolizmadaki rolünün bilinmesi, selenyumun insan sağlığı üzerindeki sonuçlarını açıklamaya yardımcı olur. Glutatyon peroksidaz hayvanlardaki çoğu dokuda bulunan ana selenoproteindir. Antioksidan savunma teorileri arasında glutatyon peroksidazlar gibi selenoproteinlerin önemli bir rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Selenoproteinlerin biyosentezi, temel eser element selenyumunun mevcudiyetine bağlıdır. Böylece, selenyumun yeterli alımı, beyin fonksiyonunun korunması için önemlidir. Selenyum eksikliği, kalp ve nöromüsküler bozukluklar dahil olmak üzere birçok patofizyolojik durumu ortaya çıkarabilir. Depresyon için yeterli tedavi seçeneği varken bireylerin önemli bir kısmı hala iyileşme sağlayamamaktadır. Bu nedenle, değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerini ve depresyon önleyici etkili yöntemleri araştırmak gerekmektedir. Selenyumun nöroprotektif etkisi henüz kesin olarak tanımlanmamasına rağmen, selenyumun duygu durum bozukluğundaki koruyucu rolü antioksidan savunmadaki önemli etkisiyle ilişkili olabilir. Bu derleme selenyumun depresyon ve diğer depresyon çeşitleri üzerine etkisini inceleme amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Selenyum
• Depresyon
• Oksidatif Stres

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