Evaluation the Impact of the Agricultural Activities on the Soil and Water: Case Study in Konya Province, Turkey

Abstract

As in many countries, Turkey's primary problem is the sustainable use of water resources. Agricultural activities not only affect the quantity of water but also quality. In this study, 2149 soil sample analysis reports were examined to evaluate the impact of agricultural activities on soil and water. Some important properties of soil have been investigated. Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were applied to examine whether there are significant differences between the phosphorus contents of the soil according to the districts and years. Different scenarios have been investigated to reduce the phosphorus (P) concentration resulting from excessive fertilizer use. According to the results obtained, it was determined that safflower cultivation, which needs less fertilizer, and the use of ideal fertilizers can reduce the total P amount in half of the barley cultivation areas and half of the fallow areas.

Keywords

• Water
• Soil
• Sustainability
• Agricultural Activity
• Pollution.

Tarımsal Faaliyetlerin Toprak ve Su Üzerindeki Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi: Konya İli, Türkiye Örneği

Öz

Birçok ülkede olduğu gibi, Türkiye'nin de öncelikli sorunu, su kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir kullanımıdır. Tarımsal faaliyetler sadece suyun miktarını değil aynı zamanda kalitesini de etkiler. Bu çalışmada, tarımsal faaliyetlerin toprak ve su üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek için 2149 toprak numunesi analiz raporu incelenmiştir. Toprağın bazı önemli özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Toprağın fosfor içerikleri arasında ilçelere ve yıllara göre önemli farklılıklar olup olmadığını incelemek için Kruskal Wallis ve Mann-Whitney testleri uygulanmıştır. Fazla gübre kullanımından kaynaklanan fosfor (P) konsantrasyonunu azaltmak için farklı senaryolar incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre arpa ekim alanlarının yarısında ve nadas alanlarının yarısında daha az gübre ihtiyacı olan aspir ekimi ve ideal gübre kullanımının toplam P miktarını azaltabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Su
• Toprak
• Sürdürülebilirlik
• Tarımsal Faaliyet
• Kirlilik.

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