Fiziki Kayıpların Azaltılması İçin İzole Alt Bölgelerin Etkin Yönetimi

Year 2021, Issue: 22, 306 - 315, 31.01.2021

Recep Kılıç

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.856200

Abstract

İçmesuyu şebekelerindeki su kayıpları en basit olarak şebekeye verilen su ile aboneden tahakkuk ettirilen su arasındaki fark olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu kayıpların pek çok sebepleri (sayaçların hatalı okuması, şebekedeki sızıntılar, depo sızıntı ve taşmaları ile pompa salmastralarından kaynaklanan kayıplar, vb.) vardır. Bu sebeplerden en önemlisi sistem basıncından kaynaklanan fiziki sızıntılardır. Bu sorunu çözebilmek için ileri otomasyon sistemleri ile izlemeyi içeren yeni yaklaşımlara ihtiyaç vardır. Bu izlemeyi en iyi şekilde yapabilmek için su dağıtım şebekeleri bilinen klasik yöntemden ziyade İzole Alt Bölgeler (İAB) şeklinde tesis edilmesi gerekmektedir. Su idareleri İAB’lerin girişlerine Basınç Kırıcı Vana (BKV) ve debimetre takarak sistem basıncını yönetmektedirler. Bu çalışmada, İAB’lerdeki BKV’lerin etkin bir şekilde çalıştırılması için yapılması gerekenlerden bahsedilmiştir. Ayrıca, İBA’ların verimli bir şekilde yönetilmesi için geliştirilen yazılımın saha uygulamasından örnekler verilmiştir. Geliştirilen yazılımın su yönetimine sağladığı katkılar ortaya konmuştur. Yazılım sayesinde şebekedeki fiziki sızıntı miktarları belirlenerek işletme verimliliği ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca İAB’ların etkin kontrolünün sonucu sağlanan kazanımlara örnekler verilmiştir. Çalışma sırasında İBA’ların basınçları 7.5 bardan 3-5 bara düşürülerek sistemin dengeli (stabil) çalışması sağlanmıştır. İAB’lerin etkin yönetilmesi sonucunda yüzeye çıkmayan arızalara zamanında müdahale edilmesinin sonucu olarak yaklaşık %7’lik su kaybının önlendiği ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca ortaya çıkan arıza sayılarında %55’lik bir azalmanın olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Fiziki su kaybı, izole alt bölge, basınç yönetimi, su dağıtım sistemi

Thanks

Sayın yetkili böyle bir derginin çıkarılması için göstermiş olduğunuz gayretleriniz için tüm çalışma arkadaşlarınıza teşekkür ederim.

Effectıve Management Of District Meters Areas To Reduce Physıcal Losses

Abstract

Water losses in drinking water networks are simply defined as the difference between water supplied to the network and water accrued from the subscriber. There are many reasons (improper reading of meters, leaks in the network, tank leaks and overflows, as well as losses caused by pump seals, etc) for these losses. The most important of these reasons are physical leaks caused by system pressure. In order to solve this problem, new approaches are needed, which include advanced automation systems and monitoring. In order to make this monitoring in the best way, water distribution networks need to be created in the form of isolated District Meters Areas (DMA), rather than the conventionally known methods. Water administrations manage the system pressure by installing Pressure regulating Valves (PRV) and aflow meter at the inputs of DMAs. In this study, it is explained about what needs to be done to operate effectively PRVs in DMA. In addition, examples are given from the field application data treatments by means of the software developed for the efficient management of DMAs. The contributions of the developed software to water management have been demonstrated. The amount of physical leakage in the network is determined and operational efficiency is demonstrated through software. In addition, examples of gains are achieved as a result of effective control of DMAs. During the operation, the pressure of the DMAs is reduced from 7.5 bar to 3-5 bar, and the system was enabled to work stabally. As a result of effective management of IABS, water loss of approximately 7% is prevented by timely intervention in faults that do not surface. In addition, it was observed that there is a 55% decrease in the number of malfunctions.

Keywords

Water loss, district meters areas, pressure management, water distribution system

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