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Estimation of Factor Clusters from Multidimensional Modeling of COVID-19 Diseases in Terms of Public Health

Year 2021, Issue: 27, 508 - 517, 30.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.889609

Abstract

For this study, the pandemic period starting from March 2020, Turkey Web-based random (random) sampling method is carried out using a cross-sectional survey was conducted. At first glance, the survey can be thought to be in the form of four main elements (categories): (1) The demographic characteristics of the participants, (2) The risk and danger perception of the epidemic, (3) Individual, social protection from the epidemic and the approach to vaccination, (4) The physiological and psychological impact of the epidemic. It can be said to be examined. We could easily observe that the COVID-19 Pandemic is dominated by a multifaceted and complex psychology of oppression in the society, simply before performing statistical modeling analysis from the data. We found it appropriate to work with "factor analysis methods, which is a multivariate statistical model" in order to reach such an opinion and / or information that will strengthen our falling. Although it has been investigated that the economic difficulties and the anxiety of finding a job due to the pandemic have prevented both the concerns of catching COVID-19 and the adaptation to the interactive education system and it has been investigated that they have formed the basis for the occurrence of psychological and physiological disorders in the society or the emergence of existing diseases, sociological disorders are closely correlated.The emergence of factors is certain to have a significant impact on psychologists (with a high probability threshold). A cross-sectional survey study was conducted to determine the effect on public health during the isolationprocess. The survey was published on the website of the participants' WhatsApp and Twitter accounts. The survey contained a brief introduction to the voluntary nature of the participation, anonymity, privacy statements, and survey questions. Participants were prompted to fill out the questionnaire according to the "Yes or No" option to confirm their willingness to participate voluntarily. The study was carried out with a sample of 931 randomly selected participants in 49 provinces (approximately 60% participation considering that there are 81 provinces in total). The average age of the sample is 41 and the range is between 11 and 86. From the questions of the questionnaire consisting of 4 classes (categories) given, 68 variables were assigned for F. A

References

  • Birgül Özgüvenç, https://www.a3haber.com/2020/09/15/salginin-psikolojiketkileri-virüsleilgili-belirsizlik-depresyon-gibi-hastaliklara-zemin-hazirladi/. Erişim tarihi.10.08.2021
  • Adnan Mazmanoğlu, Etkileşimsiz çapraz 2 faktörlü varyans analizi modellerinde matrislerle çözümleme, İstanbul University, Post graduate thesis, İstanbul, 1984.
  • Johannes Petrus van de Geer, Introduction to Multivariate Analysis for the Social Sciences, W. H. Freeman, San. Francisco, 1971, pp. 85-92.
  • Harold Hotelling, Analysis of a complex of statistical variables into principal components, Journal of Educational Psychology 24(6) (1933), 417-441.
  • Adnan Mazmanoğlu, Faktör Analizi ve Bilgisayarlarda Modern F. A.’I Yöntemlerinin Kullanımı, Post Graduate Thesis, İstanbul University, 1979, p. 24-52.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) How to Protect Yourself. (2020, 4 April) https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019ncov/prepare/prevention.htm.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) How to Protect Yourself. (2020, 4 April) https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.html
  • N. L. Zhong, W. Luo, H. M. Li, Q. Q. Zhang, X. G. Liu, W. T. Li and Y. Li, Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during therapidrise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online crosssectional survey, International Journal of Biological Sciences 16(10) (2020), 1745-1752. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.45221
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Rapid risk assessment: novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: increased transmission in the EU/EEA and the UK - sixth update, Access; 2020. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-riskassessment-novelcoronavirusdisease-2019-covid-19-pandemic increased.
  • M. S. Wolf, M. Serper, L. Opsasnick, R. M. O’Conor, L. M. Curtis, J. Y. Benavente, G. Wismer, S. Batio, M. Eifler et al., Awareness, Attitudes, and Actions Related to COVID-19 Among Adults with Chronic Conditions at the Onset of the U.S. Outbreak 2020. Ann. Intern. Med. doi: 10.7326/M20-1239
  • J. Brug, A. R. Aro, A. Oenema, O. Zwart, J. H. Richardus and G. D. Bishop, SARS Risk Perception, Knowledge, Precautions, and Information Sources, the Netherlands. Emerging Infectious Diseases 10(8) 2004. www.cdc.gov/eid
  • G. Akdeniz, M. Kavakcı, M. Gözügök and A. Yalçınkaya, Survey of attitudes, anxiety status, and protective behaviors of the university students during the COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey, Frontiers Psychiatry 11 2020, Article 695. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00695
  • European Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Environmental Cleaning and Disinfection Recommendations, (2020, 5 April). Access address: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019 ncov/community/organizations/ cleaningdisinfection.html
  • B.L. Zhong, W. Luo, H.M. Li, Q.Q. Zhang, X.G. Liu, W.T. Li and Y. Li. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online crossMultidimensional Modeling to Find the Most Efficient Factors … 31 sectional survey, Int. J. Biol. Sci. 16(10) (2020), 1745-1752. doi:10.7150/ijbs.45221
  • J. Yang, Y. Zheng, X. Gou, et al., Prevalence o comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Int. J. Infect Dis. (2020). doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.017
  • G. Singla, T. Singla and S. Singla, COVID-19 Pandemic - A literature review, International Journal of Research and Review 282(7) (2020), 282-293.
  • S. S. Dickerson and M. E. Kemeny, Akut stres faktörleri ve kortizol yanıtları: Laboratuvar araştırmalarının teorik entegrasyonu ve sentezi, Explained in Psyschol. Boğa. 130 (2004), 355-391.
  • Z. Karataş SocialImpacts of COVID-19 Pandemic, Change and Empowerment, Türkiye Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi 4(1) (2020), 3-17. https://dergipark.org.tr/tushad
  • R. Aslan, Tarihten günümüze epidemiler, pandemiler ve covid-19, Göller Bölgesi Aylık Ekonomi ve Kültür Dergisi 8(85) (2020), 35-41.
  • W. Li, Y. Yang, Z. H. Liu, Y. J. Zhao, O. Zhang, L. Zhang, T. Cheung and T. Y. Xiang, Progression of mental health services during the covid-19 outbreak in China, Int. J. Biol. Sci. 16(10) (2020), 1732-1738.
  • Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 patients dying in Italy, Report based on available data on April 29, 2020. COVID-19. 2020. https://www.epicentro.iss.it/en/coronavirus/bollettino/ReportCOVID- 2019_29_april_2020.pdf (accessed May 5, 2020).
  • Prevention and control of non-communicable diseases in the COVID-19 response. Published Online May 8, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S0140-6736(20)31067-9
  • F. Amanat and F. Krammer, SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Status Report, Immunity 52(14) (2020), 583-589.
  • J. J. V. Bavel, K. Baicker, R. Willer et al., Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response, Nature Human Behaviour 4 (2020), 460- 471.
  • S. J. Jung and J. Y. Jun, Mental Health and Psychological Intervention Amid COVID-19 Outbreak: Perspectives from South Korea, Yonsei Med. J. 61(4) (2020), 271-272. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2020.61.4.271
  • B. Pfefferbaum and C. North, Mental Health and the Covid-19 Pandemic, TheNew England Journal of Medicine 383 (2020), 510-512. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp2008017
  • Z. Şenol and F. Zeren, Coronavirus (COVID-19) and stock markets: the effects of the pandemic on the global economy, Eurasian Journal of Researches in Social and Economics (EJRSE), ASEAD CİLT 7 SAYI 4 Yıl 2020, S 1-16.
  • Y. Zhang and Z. F. Ma, Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and quality of life among local residents in Liaoning province, China: A crosssectional study, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17 (2020), 2381. doi:10.3390/ijerph17072381 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph.
  • J. Guo, X. L. Feng and X. H. Wang, Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and negative impact on livelihood predict elevated mental health problems in Chinese adults, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17(11) (2020), 3857. Published online 2020 May 29. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113857

COVID-19’un Halk Sağlığı Açısından Yarattığı Rahatsızlıkların Çok Boyutlu Faktör Kümelerinin Tahmini

Year 2021, Issue: 27, 508 - 517, 30.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.889609

Abstract

Bu çalışma için, Türkiye’de Mart 2020 tarihinden başlayan pandemi sürecinde Web tabanlı rastgele (random) örneklem yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmış kesitsel bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. İlk bakışta Anket çalışması dört ana unsur (kategori) biçiminde olduğu düşünülebilir: (1) Katılımcıların demografik özellikleri, (2) Salgının risk ve tehlike algısı, (3) Salgından bireysel, toplumsal korunma ve aşıya yaklaşım, (4) Salgının fizyolojik ve psikolojik etkisinin incelenmesi şeklinde olduğu söylenebilir. Basitçe verilerden istatistiksel modelleme analizi yapmadan önce COVID-19 Pandemisinin toplumda çok yönlü ve karmaşık bir baskı altında kalma psikolojisinin hâkim olduğunu kolayca gözleyebildik. Böyle bir kanıya ve/veya düşmemizi güçlendirecek bilgiye ulaşmak için “çok değişkenli bir istatistiksel model olan faktör analizi yöntemleriyle” çalışmayı uygun bulduk. Pandemi nedeniyle yaşanabilecek ekonomik sıkıntılar ve iş bulma kaygısı gerek COVID-19'a yakalanma gerekse interaktif eğitim sistemine uyum kaygılarının önüne geçmiş olup toplumda psikolojik ve fizyolojik rahatsızlıkların ya oluşmasına ya da mevcut rahatsızlıkların ortaya çıkmasına temel oluşturmuş olduğu araştırılmış olsa da bir sosyolojik rahatsızlıklar kümesel yakın korelasyonlu faktörlerin ortaya çıkmasıyla psikologlara önemli bir etki yaratacağı kesindir (yüksek bir olasılık eşiğiyle). İzolasyon sürecinde halk sağlığı üstüne etkisinin belirlenmesine yönelik kesitsel tipte bir anket çalışması yapıldı. Anket, katılımcıların WhatsApp ve Twitter hesaplarına web sitesinden yayınlandı. Anket, katılımın gönüllü niteliği, anonimlik, gizlilik beyanları ve anket soruları ile ilgili kısa bir giriş içermekteydi. Katılımcılar, gönüllü olarak katılma isteklerini teyit etmek amacıyla "Evet veya Hayır" seçeneğine göre anketi doldurmaya yönlendirildi. Çalışma, 49 ilde (toplam 81 il olduğu düşünüldüğünde yaklaşık %60’lık bir katılım) elektronik ortamda rastgele seçilmiş 931 katılımcının oluşturduğu örneklemle gerçekleştirildi. Örneklemin yaş ortalaması 41 ve ranjı 11-86 aralığındadır. Verilen 4 sınıftan (kategoriden) oluşan anketin sorularından F. A. ’i için 68 değişken ataması yapılmıştır.

References

  • Birgül Özgüvenç, https://www.a3haber.com/2020/09/15/salginin-psikolojiketkileri-virüsleilgili-belirsizlik-depresyon-gibi-hastaliklara-zemin-hazirladi/. Erişim tarihi.10.08.2021
  • Adnan Mazmanoğlu, Etkileşimsiz çapraz 2 faktörlü varyans analizi modellerinde matrislerle çözümleme, İstanbul University, Post graduate thesis, İstanbul, 1984.
  • Johannes Petrus van de Geer, Introduction to Multivariate Analysis for the Social Sciences, W. H. Freeman, San. Francisco, 1971, pp. 85-92.
  • Harold Hotelling, Analysis of a complex of statistical variables into principal components, Journal of Educational Psychology 24(6) (1933), 417-441.
  • Adnan Mazmanoğlu, Faktör Analizi ve Bilgisayarlarda Modern F. A.’I Yöntemlerinin Kullanımı, Post Graduate Thesis, İstanbul University, 1979, p. 24-52.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) How to Protect Yourself. (2020, 4 April) https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019ncov/prepare/prevention.htm.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) How to Protect Yourself. (2020, 4 April) https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.html
  • N. L. Zhong, W. Luo, H. M. Li, Q. Q. Zhang, X. G. Liu, W. T. Li and Y. Li, Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during therapidrise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online crosssectional survey, International Journal of Biological Sciences 16(10) (2020), 1745-1752. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.45221
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Rapid risk assessment: novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: increased transmission in the EU/EEA and the UK - sixth update, Access; 2020. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-riskassessment-novelcoronavirusdisease-2019-covid-19-pandemic increased.
  • M. S. Wolf, M. Serper, L. Opsasnick, R. M. O’Conor, L. M. Curtis, J. Y. Benavente, G. Wismer, S. Batio, M. Eifler et al., Awareness, Attitudes, and Actions Related to COVID-19 Among Adults with Chronic Conditions at the Onset of the U.S. Outbreak 2020. Ann. Intern. Med. doi: 10.7326/M20-1239
  • J. Brug, A. R. Aro, A. Oenema, O. Zwart, J. H. Richardus and G. D. Bishop, SARS Risk Perception, Knowledge, Precautions, and Information Sources, the Netherlands. Emerging Infectious Diseases 10(8) 2004. www.cdc.gov/eid
  • G. Akdeniz, M. Kavakcı, M. Gözügök and A. Yalçınkaya, Survey of attitudes, anxiety status, and protective behaviors of the university students during the COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey, Frontiers Psychiatry 11 2020, Article 695. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00695
  • European Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Environmental Cleaning and Disinfection Recommendations, (2020, 5 April). Access address: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019 ncov/community/organizations/ cleaningdisinfection.html
  • B.L. Zhong, W. Luo, H.M. Li, Q.Q. Zhang, X.G. Liu, W.T. Li and Y. Li. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online crossMultidimensional Modeling to Find the Most Efficient Factors … 31 sectional survey, Int. J. Biol. Sci. 16(10) (2020), 1745-1752. doi:10.7150/ijbs.45221
  • J. Yang, Y. Zheng, X. Gou, et al., Prevalence o comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Int. J. Infect Dis. (2020). doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.017
  • G. Singla, T. Singla and S. Singla, COVID-19 Pandemic - A literature review, International Journal of Research and Review 282(7) (2020), 282-293.
  • S. S. Dickerson and M. E. Kemeny, Akut stres faktörleri ve kortizol yanıtları: Laboratuvar araştırmalarının teorik entegrasyonu ve sentezi, Explained in Psyschol. Boğa. 130 (2004), 355-391.
  • Z. Karataş SocialImpacts of COVID-19 Pandemic, Change and Empowerment, Türkiye Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi 4(1) (2020), 3-17. https://dergipark.org.tr/tushad
  • R. Aslan, Tarihten günümüze epidemiler, pandemiler ve covid-19, Göller Bölgesi Aylık Ekonomi ve Kültür Dergisi 8(85) (2020), 35-41.
  • W. Li, Y. Yang, Z. H. Liu, Y. J. Zhao, O. Zhang, L. Zhang, T. Cheung and T. Y. Xiang, Progression of mental health services during the covid-19 outbreak in China, Int. J. Biol. Sci. 16(10) (2020), 1732-1738.
  • Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 patients dying in Italy, Report based on available data on April 29, 2020. COVID-19. 2020. https://www.epicentro.iss.it/en/coronavirus/bollettino/ReportCOVID- 2019_29_april_2020.pdf (accessed May 5, 2020).
  • Prevention and control of non-communicable diseases in the COVID-19 response. Published Online May 8, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S0140-6736(20)31067-9
  • F. Amanat and F. Krammer, SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Status Report, Immunity 52(14) (2020), 583-589.
  • J. J. V. Bavel, K. Baicker, R. Willer et al., Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response, Nature Human Behaviour 4 (2020), 460- 471.
  • S. J. Jung and J. Y. Jun, Mental Health and Psychological Intervention Amid COVID-19 Outbreak: Perspectives from South Korea, Yonsei Med. J. 61(4) (2020), 271-272. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2020.61.4.271
  • B. Pfefferbaum and C. North, Mental Health and the Covid-19 Pandemic, TheNew England Journal of Medicine 383 (2020), 510-512. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp2008017
  • Z. Şenol and F. Zeren, Coronavirus (COVID-19) and stock markets: the effects of the pandemic on the global economy, Eurasian Journal of Researches in Social and Economics (EJRSE), ASEAD CİLT 7 SAYI 4 Yıl 2020, S 1-16.
  • Y. Zhang and Z. F. Ma, Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and quality of life among local residents in Liaoning province, China: A crosssectional study, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17 (2020), 2381. doi:10.3390/ijerph17072381 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph.
  • J. Guo, X. L. Feng and X. H. Wang, Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and negative impact on livelihood predict elevated mental health problems in Chinese adults, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17(11) (2020), 3857. Published online 2020 May 29. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113857
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Adnan Mazmanoğlu 0000-0002-8756-8429

Early Pub Date July 29, 2021
Publication Date November 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 27

Cite

APA Mazmanoğlu, A. (2021). COVID-19’un Halk Sağlığı Açısından Yarattığı Rahatsızlıkların Çok Boyutlu Faktör Kümelerinin Tahmini. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(27), 508-517. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.889609