Altyapı Sorunlarına Yenilikçi Çözüm Önerilerinin Getirilmesi

Year 2021, Issue: 31, 755 - 763, 31.12.2021

Muhammed Ernur Akıner , İlknur Akıner

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1006062

Abstract

İstanbul’da hızlı nüfus artışı ve yeterli denetimlerin olmaması nedeniyle 90’lı yıllara kadar çarpık yapılaşmanın hızla arttığı görülmüştür. 1995’den günümüze kadar çarpık yapılaşmanın önlenmesi amacıyla teknolojiden yararlanılarak denetimler artırılmış ve toplu konut yapımlarına hız verilmiştir. Şehrin imara açık bölgelerinde her tür altyapısı planlı olan uydu kentler oluşturulmaktadır. Son yıllarda uydu kentlerin kurulmasına hız verilmesine rağmen, ilin büyük bir bölümünde geçmişten kalan çarpık yapılaşma mevcuttur. Sürdürülebilir kalkınma; yüksek altyapı maliyetlerinin minimuma indirilmesi, kentsel planlama ve altyapı hizmeti veren kurumların birlikte planlarını oluşturması ile mümkündür. Ancak İstanbul’un büyük bir bölümünde şehirleşme süreci tamamlandığından bunun için geç kalındığı da anlaşılmaktadır. Bu noktada öncelikle yapılması gereken mevcut altyapı sorunlarının çözümünün bir merkezden gerçekleştirilmesidir. Yani su ve kanalizasyon, elektrik, telefon ve doğalgaz altyapı hizmetlerini sunan kurumlar ile belediyelerin ulaşım hizmetleri arasında koordinasyonun bir merkezden sağlanmasıdır. Altyapılar genellikle yollar ve kaldırım altlarına inşa edildiğinden ilgili belediyelerin ulaşım altyapısı da dikkate alınmalıdır. İstanbul ilinde su, elektrik, doğalgaz ve telefon gibi altyapı sistemlerinin bir arada döşenebilmesini sağlayan “Utility Tunnel” olarak bilinen “kapaklı betonarme altyapı tünellerinin” tesis edilmesi durumunda tamir ve yenilemenin çok daha kolay yapılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Yapılması öngörülen çalışmada nihai hedef birçok altyapı sorunu senaryosunun oluşturulabileceği, problemler ortaya çıkmadan gerekli çözümlerin bulunabileceği ve koordinasyonu sağlayan bir merkezin oluşturulması ile İstanbul’un altyapı sistemlerine özgü kısa ve uzun vadeli yenilikçi ve ekonomik çözümlerin bulunmasıdır.

Keywords

Sürdürülebilirlik, Altyapı Tüneli, Yenilikçi Altyapı, Tünel Sistemler.

Innovative Solution Suggestions to Infrastructure Problems

Abstract

Unplanned buildings in Istanbul expanded significantly until the 1990s due to high population expansion and insufficient inspections. Inspections have been enhanced, and mass home development has been expedited from 1995 to the present by utilizing technology to avoid uncontrolled construction. Satellite cities with various types of infrastructure are being developed for sections of the city that are available for development. Although the development of satellite cities has been expedited in recent years, a significant portion of the province still has a skewed settlement from the past. Sustainable development is only feasible if entities that provide urban planning and infrastructure services collaborate to design their plans. However, because the urbanization process has been finished in a significant portion of Istanbul, it is recognized that this is too late. The initial step at this stage is to address current infrastructure issues from a central location. In other words, it is the coordination from the central area of the institutions supplying water and sewage infrastructure, power, telephone, and natural gas infrastructure, and municipal transportation services. Because infrastructures are typically developed beneath roads and pavements, the appropriate towns' transportation infrastructure should also be considered. It is believed that installing "reinforced concrete infrastructure tunnels" known as "Utility Tunnels," which allow electricity, telephone, natural gas, and water infrastructure systems to be linked together, will make maintenance and renewal considerably easier. The project's ultimate goal is to establish a center where many infrastructure problem scenarios can be created and necessary solutions can be found before problems arise, as well as to establish a center that provides coordination and finds short and long-term innovative and economical solutions specific to Istanbul's infrastructure systems.

Keywords

Sustainability, Infrastructure Tunnel, Innovative Infrastructure, Tunnel Systems.

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