Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

BİRİNCİ VE DÖRDÜNCÜ SINIF İNGİLİZCE ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ KONUŞMA KAYGISI

Year 2018, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 48 - 60, 27.03.2018
https://doi.org/10.17244/eku.346886

Abstract

Teknoloji alanındaki hızlı gelişmeler dünyanın her tarafından insanları birbirine daha da yaklaştırdı. Bu yakınlaşma İngilizce’yi ortak bir dil olmaya terfi ettirdi ve yeni dünyanın gereklerine uyum sağlama ihtiyacını doğurdu. Ancak,  birçok faktörün yanı sıra duyuşsal faktörler yeni bir dil öğrenmeyi ve konuşmanın önünde engel teşkil etmektedir. Bu duyuşsal faktörlerden bir olan kaygının dil öğrenim sürecinde önemli bir rolü bulunmaktadır. Dil öğrenme kaygısı üzerine yapılan araştırmaların çoğu dil öğrencilerini ele almaktadır; fakat İngilizce öğretmen adaylarının konuşma kaygısı nadiren olarak çalışılmıştır. Bu yüzden, bu çalışma Türkiye’de bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören İngilizce öğretmen adaylarının kaygı seviyelerini araştırmayı hedeflemektedir. Karma-yöntem olarak desenlenen araştırmada nitel ve nicel veriler toplanmıştır. Nicel veriler 117 katılımcıdan bir anket yoluyla toplanmış daha sonra bunların içerisinden 10 kişi ile karşılıklı görüşme yoluyla nitel veriler elde edilmiştir. Sayısal veriyi analiz ederken ikili ve çoklu karşılaştırmalardan yararlanılmıştır. Veriler normal dağılım göstermediğinden parametrik olmayan testler kullanılmıştır. Nitel veriler ise içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular İngilizce öğretmen adaylarının orta seviyede konuşma kaygısı çektiklerini ve birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin kaygı seviyesinin ise daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Cinsiyete ve mezun olunan lise tipine göre öğretmen adayları arasında istatistiksel farklar bulunmuştur. Dil yeterlilik seviyelerinin de konuşma kaygısı üzerinde istatistiksel olarak önemli bir etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Görüşme sonuçları öğretmen adaylarının bakış açısından konuşma kaygısının nedenlerini ortaya koymaktadır.

References

  • Aida, Y. (1994). Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope's construct of foreign language anxiety: The case of students of Japanese. The Modern Language Journal, 78(2), 155-168.
  • Al-Saraj, T. M. (2014). Foreign language anxiety in female Arabs learning English: Case studies. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 8(3), 257-278.
  • Aydın, B. (2001). A study of sources of foreign language classroom anxiety in speaking and writing classes (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Anadolu University, Eskişehir.
  • Balemir, S. H. (2009). The sources of foreign language speaking anxiety and the relationship between proficiency level and the degree of foreign language speaking anxiety (Unpublished master's thesis). Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Baş, G. (2013). Yabancı Dil Öğrenme Kaygısı Ölçeği: Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 17(2), 49-68.
  • Bailey, K. M. (1983). Competitiveness and anxiety in adult second language learning: Looking at and through the diary studies. In H. Seliger, & M. Long (Eds). Classroom oriented Research in Second Language Acquisition (pp. 67-102). Rowley, MA: Newbury House Publishers.
  • Çağatay, S. (2015). Examining EFL students’ foreign language speaking anxiety: The case at a Turkish state university. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 199, 648-656.
  • Chiang, M. C. (2012). The relationship between foreign language anxiety and foreign language speaking proficiency among elementary school students in Taiwan (Unpublished master’s thesis), Ming Chuan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Çubukçu, F. (2008). A Study On the Correlation Between Self-Efficacy and Foreign Language Learning Anxiety. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 4(1), 148-158.
  • Gerencheal, B. (2016). Gender differences in foreign language anxiety at an Ethiopian university: Mizan-tepi university third year english major students in focus. African Journal of Education and Practice, 1(1), 1-16.
  • Gürsoy, E., & Akın, F. (2013). Is younger really better? Anxiety about learning a foreign language in Turkish children. Social Behavior and Personality, 41(5), 827-842.
  • Hammad, E. A., & Ghali, E. M. A. (2015). Speaking anxiety level of Gaza EFL pre-service teachers: Reasons and sources. World Journal of English Language, 5(3), 52.
  • Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 70(2), 125-132.
  • Hu, L., & Wang, N. (2013). Anxiety in Foreign Language Learning. Paper presented at the 2014 International Conference on Global Economy, Commerce and Service Science (GECSS-14).
  • Huang, H. W. (2005). The relationship between learning motivation and speaking anxiety among EFL non-English major freshmen in Taiwan (Unpublished master’s thesis). Chaoyang University of Technology, Taiwan.
  • Kapıkıran, N. A., İvrendi, A. B., & Adak, A. (2006). Okul öncesi çocuklarında sosyal beceri: Durum saptaması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(19), 19-27.
  • Kitano, K. (2001). Anxiety in the college Japanese language classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 85(4), 549-566.
  • Köksal, D. (2000). Pragmatic approach to cross-cultural communication in the business world. Proceedings of First International Joint Symposium on Business Administration. Challenges for Business Administrators in the New Millennium (pp.630-637). Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.607.246&rep=rep1&type=pdf
  • Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
  • Luo, H. (2014). Foreign language speaking anxiety: A study of Chinese language learners. Journal of the National Council of Less Commonly Taught Languages, 15, 99-117.
  • MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1994). The subtle effects of language anxiety on cognitive processing in the second language. Language learning, 44(2), 283-305.
  • Mahmoodzadeh, M. (2012). Investigating Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety within the EFL Learner's Interlanguage System: The Case of Iranian Learners. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 3(3), 466-476.
  • McLuhan, M. (1967). Understanding media: The Extensions of man. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
  • Mede, E., & Karaırmak, Ö. (2017). The Predictor Roles of Speaking Anxiety and English Self Efficacy on Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety. Journal of Teacher Education and Educators, 6(1), 117-131.
  • Melouah, A. (2013). Foreign language anxiety in EFL speaking classrooms: a case study first- year LMD students of English at Saad Dahlab University of Blida, Algeria. Arab World English Journal, 4(1), 64-76.
  • Djigunović, J. M. (2006). Language anxiety and language processing. EUROSLA Yearbook, 6(1), 191-212.
  • Northrup, D. (2013). How English became the global language. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Öztürk, G., & Gürbüz, N. (2014). Speaking anxiety among Turkish EFL learners: The case at a state university. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 10(1), 1-17.
  • Park, G. P., & French, B. F. (2013). Gender differences in the foreign language classroom anxiety scale. System, 41(2), 462-471.
  • Phillips, E. M. (1992). The effects of language anxiety on students' oral test performance and attitudes. The Modern Language Journal, 76(1), 14-26.
  • Rohmah, Z. (2005). English as a global language: Its historical past and its future. Indonesian Scientific Journal, 33(1), 106-117.
  • Saito, Y., & Samimy, K. K. (1996). Foreign language anxiety and language performance: A study of learner anxiety in beginning, intermediate, and advanced‐level college students of Japanese. Foreign Language Annals, 29(2), 239-249.
  • Şener, S. (2015). Foreign language learning anxiety and achievement: A case study of the students studying at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University. Electronic Turkish Studies, 10(3),875-890.
  • Taysi, E. (2015). A study on Turkish EFL students’ English speaking anxiety, M. Gün (Ed.), proceedings of 1st International Symposium on Language Education & Teaching (pp. 583-590). Retrieved from http://ijlet.com/upload/34cccb1c-0122-4ebd-8372-379dc86e3d56.pdf
  • Tüm, D. Ö., & Kunt, N. (2013). Speaking Anxiety among EFL Student Teachers. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 28, 28-3.
  • Tercan, G., & Dikilitaş, K. (2015). EFL students’ speaking anxiety: AS case from tertiary level students. ELT Research Journal, 4(1), 16-27.
  • Wilson, J. T. S. (2006). Anxiety in learning English as a foreign language: Its associations with student variables, with overall proficiency, and with performance on an oral test (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
  • Woodrow, L. (2006). Anxiety and speaking English as a second language. RELC Journal, 37(3), 308-328.
  • Young, D. J. (1990). An investigation of students' perspectives on anxiety and speaking. Foreign Language Annals, 23(6), 539-553.
  • Young, D. J. (1991). Creating a low-anxiety classroom environment: What does language anxiety research suggest? The Modern Language Journal, 75(4), 426-437.

SPEAKING ANXIETY OF FRESHMEN AND SENIOR ELT PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS

Year 2018, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 48 - 60, 27.03.2018
https://doi.org/10.17244/eku.346886

Abstract

Rapid developments in technology have made people closer to each other all around the globe. This closeness has promoted English as a common language and created a need for adaptation to the requirements of the new world. However, affective factors, along with many others, seem to hinder the efforts to learn and speak a new language. Anxiety, as one of these affective factors, has an important role in the language learning process. Most of the research on language learning anxiety investigated language learners; however, prospective teachers’ speaking anxiety is rarely studied. Thus the study aims to investigate the speaking anxiety levels of ELT prospective teachers in a state university in Turkey. Freshmen and senior prospective teachers were the participants of the study. Designed as a mixed method research, both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. The quantitative data was collected via a questionnaire from 117 participants, 10 of which are interviewed afterwards. Dual and multiple comparisons were made to analyse the numerical data. As the data were not normally distributed nonparametric tests were employed. The qualitative data was analysed via content analysis. The results showed that prospective ELT teachers had a moderate level of speaking anxiety, freshmen having higher level of anxiety. There were significant differences between female and male prospective teachers as well as the type of high schools prospective teachers graduated from. Proficiency levels had a significant effect on the level of speaking anxiety. The interview results claimed the causes of speaking anxiety from the perspective of prospective teachers. 

References

  • Aida, Y. (1994). Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope's construct of foreign language anxiety: The case of students of Japanese. The Modern Language Journal, 78(2), 155-168.
  • Al-Saraj, T. M. (2014). Foreign language anxiety in female Arabs learning English: Case studies. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 8(3), 257-278.
  • Aydın, B. (2001). A study of sources of foreign language classroom anxiety in speaking and writing classes (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Anadolu University, Eskişehir.
  • Balemir, S. H. (2009). The sources of foreign language speaking anxiety and the relationship between proficiency level and the degree of foreign language speaking anxiety (Unpublished master's thesis). Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Baş, G. (2013). Yabancı Dil Öğrenme Kaygısı Ölçeği: Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 17(2), 49-68.
  • Bailey, K. M. (1983). Competitiveness and anxiety in adult second language learning: Looking at and through the diary studies. In H. Seliger, & M. Long (Eds). Classroom oriented Research in Second Language Acquisition (pp. 67-102). Rowley, MA: Newbury House Publishers.
  • Çağatay, S. (2015). Examining EFL students’ foreign language speaking anxiety: The case at a Turkish state university. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 199, 648-656.
  • Chiang, M. C. (2012). The relationship between foreign language anxiety and foreign language speaking proficiency among elementary school students in Taiwan (Unpublished master’s thesis), Ming Chuan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Çubukçu, F. (2008). A Study On the Correlation Between Self-Efficacy and Foreign Language Learning Anxiety. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 4(1), 148-158.
  • Gerencheal, B. (2016). Gender differences in foreign language anxiety at an Ethiopian university: Mizan-tepi university third year english major students in focus. African Journal of Education and Practice, 1(1), 1-16.
  • Gürsoy, E., & Akın, F. (2013). Is younger really better? Anxiety about learning a foreign language in Turkish children. Social Behavior and Personality, 41(5), 827-842.
  • Hammad, E. A., & Ghali, E. M. A. (2015). Speaking anxiety level of Gaza EFL pre-service teachers: Reasons and sources. World Journal of English Language, 5(3), 52.
  • Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 70(2), 125-132.
  • Hu, L., & Wang, N. (2013). Anxiety in Foreign Language Learning. Paper presented at the 2014 International Conference on Global Economy, Commerce and Service Science (GECSS-14).
  • Huang, H. W. (2005). The relationship between learning motivation and speaking anxiety among EFL non-English major freshmen in Taiwan (Unpublished master’s thesis). Chaoyang University of Technology, Taiwan.
  • Kapıkıran, N. A., İvrendi, A. B., & Adak, A. (2006). Okul öncesi çocuklarında sosyal beceri: Durum saptaması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(19), 19-27.
  • Kitano, K. (2001). Anxiety in the college Japanese language classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 85(4), 549-566.
  • Köksal, D. (2000). Pragmatic approach to cross-cultural communication in the business world. Proceedings of First International Joint Symposium on Business Administration. Challenges for Business Administrators in the New Millennium (pp.630-637). Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.607.246&rep=rep1&type=pdf
  • Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
  • Luo, H. (2014). Foreign language speaking anxiety: A study of Chinese language learners. Journal of the National Council of Less Commonly Taught Languages, 15, 99-117.
  • MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1994). The subtle effects of language anxiety on cognitive processing in the second language. Language learning, 44(2), 283-305.
  • Mahmoodzadeh, M. (2012). Investigating Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety within the EFL Learner's Interlanguage System: The Case of Iranian Learners. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 3(3), 466-476.
  • McLuhan, M. (1967). Understanding media: The Extensions of man. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
  • Mede, E., & Karaırmak, Ö. (2017). The Predictor Roles of Speaking Anxiety and English Self Efficacy on Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety. Journal of Teacher Education and Educators, 6(1), 117-131.
  • Melouah, A. (2013). Foreign language anxiety in EFL speaking classrooms: a case study first- year LMD students of English at Saad Dahlab University of Blida, Algeria. Arab World English Journal, 4(1), 64-76.
  • Djigunović, J. M. (2006). Language anxiety and language processing. EUROSLA Yearbook, 6(1), 191-212.
  • Northrup, D. (2013). How English became the global language. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Öztürk, G., & Gürbüz, N. (2014). Speaking anxiety among Turkish EFL learners: The case at a state university. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 10(1), 1-17.
  • Park, G. P., & French, B. F. (2013). Gender differences in the foreign language classroom anxiety scale. System, 41(2), 462-471.
  • Phillips, E. M. (1992). The effects of language anxiety on students' oral test performance and attitudes. The Modern Language Journal, 76(1), 14-26.
  • Rohmah, Z. (2005). English as a global language: Its historical past and its future. Indonesian Scientific Journal, 33(1), 106-117.
  • Saito, Y., & Samimy, K. K. (1996). Foreign language anxiety and language performance: A study of learner anxiety in beginning, intermediate, and advanced‐level college students of Japanese. Foreign Language Annals, 29(2), 239-249.
  • Şener, S. (2015). Foreign language learning anxiety and achievement: A case study of the students studying at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University. Electronic Turkish Studies, 10(3),875-890.
  • Taysi, E. (2015). A study on Turkish EFL students’ English speaking anxiety, M. Gün (Ed.), proceedings of 1st International Symposium on Language Education & Teaching (pp. 583-590). Retrieved from http://ijlet.com/upload/34cccb1c-0122-4ebd-8372-379dc86e3d56.pdf
  • Tüm, D. Ö., & Kunt, N. (2013). Speaking Anxiety among EFL Student Teachers. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 28, 28-3.
  • Tercan, G., & Dikilitaş, K. (2015). EFL students’ speaking anxiety: AS case from tertiary level students. ELT Research Journal, 4(1), 16-27.
  • Wilson, J. T. S. (2006). Anxiety in learning English as a foreign language: Its associations with student variables, with overall proficiency, and with performance on an oral test (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
  • Woodrow, L. (2006). Anxiety and speaking English as a second language. RELC Journal, 37(3), 308-328.
  • Young, D. J. (1990). An investigation of students' perspectives on anxiety and speaking. Foreign Language Annals, 23(6), 539-553.
  • Young, D. J. (1991). Creating a low-anxiety classroom environment: What does language anxiety research suggest? The Modern Language Journal, 75(4), 426-437.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Esim Gursoy 0000-0003-3715-4583

Hüseyin Korkmaz This is me 0000-0002-8085-5994

Publication Date March 27, 2018
Submission Date October 26, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gursoy, E., & Korkmaz, H. (2018). SPEAKING ANXIETY OF FRESHMEN AND SENIOR ELT PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS. Eğitimde Kuram Ve Uygulama, 14(1), 48-60. https://doi.org/10.17244/eku.346886