Bazı akarisitlerin domates pas akarı ve avcısı Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, 1962 (Acari: Phytoseiidae)’ye toksik etkileri

Öz

Domates pas akarı, Aculops lycopersici (Massee, 1937) (Acari: Eriophyidae) domatesin ana zararlılarından biridir. Avcı akar Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, 1962 (Acari: Phytoseiidae), A. lycopersici popülasyonlarını baskı altında tutabilmektedir. Ancak, A. lycopersici’nin mücadelesinde biyolojik ve kimyasal yöntemleri birbiriyle entegre edebilmek için A. swirskii’ye akarisitlerin yan etkilerinin dikkate alınması gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle, öncelikle A. lycopersici’ye 14 farklı akarisitin öldürücü konsantrasyonları 2017-2018 yılları arasında Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi’nde laboratuvar koşullarında belirlenmiştir. Bu akarisitlerin A. swirskii üzerindeki yan etkilerini anlamak için, A. lycopersici için belirlenen LC99 değerleri A. swirskii’nin hem ergin öncesi hem de dişi dönemlerine uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca, bu LC99 değerlerinin avcının üremesini azaltıcı etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada, abamectin, milbemectin, pyridaben, azadirachtin ve kükürtün çok düşük konsantrasyonları dahi A. lycopersici için oldukça zehirli bulunmuştur. Yan etki skalasına göre, abamectin, acequinocyl, bifenazate, fenproximate, fenbutatin oxide, hexythiazox, milbemectin ve kükürtün A. lycopersici için bulunan LC99 değerleri A. swirskii’nin ergin öncesi ve dişi dönemleri için hafif zehirli bulunmuştur. Bu karşılaştırmalı toksikoloji çalışmaya göre, A. lycopersici’nin mücadelesinde A. swirskii’nin birlikte kullanımı için akarisitlerin düşük konsantrasyonlarının kullanımının ileride yapılacak saha çalışmaları ile değerlendirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akarisit
• biyolojik mücadele
• phytoseiidler
• yan etki
• domates pas akarı
• toksikoloji

The toxic effects of some acaricides on the tomato russet mite and its predator Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, 1962 (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Abstract

The tomato russet mite, Aculops lycopersici (Massee, 1937) (Acari: Eriophyidae) is a common pest of tomatoes. The predatory mite, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, 1962 (Acari: Phytoseiidae), can control A. lycopersici populations. To integrate biological and chemical control of A. lycopersici, side effects of the lethal concentrations of acaricides, as a predator, on A. swirskii should be considered. The lethal concentrations of 14 acaricides for A. lycopersici were determined under laboratory conditions at Bursa Uludağ University during 2017-2018. To understand the toxic impacts of the acaricides on juveniles and females of A. swirskii, the LC99 values for A. lycopersici of each acaricide were applied to A. swirskii. The reproduction reduction effects of the LC99 values were also assessed. Quite low concentrations of abamectin, milbemectin, pyridaben, azadirachtin and sulphur were found to be toxic for A. lycopersici. Based on the side effect scale, the LC99 values of abamectin, acequinocyl, bifenazate, fenproximate, fenbutatin oxide, hexythiazox, milbemectin and sulphur that killed A. lycopersici were found to be slightly toxic to both females and juveniles of A. swirskii. The results of this comparative toxicological study have showed that more field studies should be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using low concentrations of acaricides with A. swirskii in combination for controlling A. lycopersici.

Keywords

• Acaricide
• biological control
• phytoseiids
• side-effect
• tomato russet mite
• toxicology

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