Çanakkale ili (Türkiye) elma bahçelerinde bitki paraziti nematod faunasının belirlenmesi ve toprak kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Çanakkale (Türkiye) ili ve ilçelerindeki elma bahçelerinde bitki paraziti nematod toplulukların tespiti ve bu türlerin dağılım haritalarının oluşturulması için 2023 yılı Eylül ayında beş farklı ilçeden toplam 130 toprak örneği toplanmış ve nematod toplulukların yoğunluğu ve yayılımı incelenmiştir. Çalışmada toplam 14.090 nematod bireyi incelenmiş ve 30 cins tanımlanmıştır. Nematodlar altı farklı takımda yer almakta olup, Rhabditida takımı (53.87%) ile en baskın takım olarak öne çıkmıştır. Tylenchida takımı (23.22%) ile ikinci sırada yer almıştır. Araştırmada en fazla bulunan bitki paraziti nematodlar arasında Paratylenchus spp. Micoletzky, 1922 (Tylenchida: Tylenchulidae) (3.46%), Merlinius spp. Siddiqi, 1970 (Tylenchida: Dolichodoridae) (3.36%), ve Pratylenchus spp. Filipjev, 1936 (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) (3.02%) yer almaktadır. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar c-p 2 grubunun bozulmuş toprak koşullarında yaygın olduğunu ve p-p 2 ile p-p 3 gruplarının baskınlığı ile elma bahçelerinde önemli bir tehdit oluşturduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulgular nematodların c-p serilerinin toprak kalitesinin değerlendirilmesinde önemli bir biyoindikatör olduğunu ve bölgesel çalışmalarla bu tür analizlerin yaygınlaştırılması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

• Elma bahçeleri
• biyoçeşitlilik
• biyoindikatörler
• bitki paraziti nematodlar
• toprak kalitesi

Determination of plant-parasitic nematode fauna and evaluation of soil quality in apple orchards of Çanakkale province (Türkiye)

Abstract

In September 2023, a total of 130 soil samples were collected from five different districts in the province of Çanakkale (Türkiye) and its surroundings to identify plant-parasitic nematode communities in apple orchards and to create distribution maps of these species. The density and distribution of nematode communities were examined. In total, 14.090 nematode individuals were analyzed, and 30 genera were identified. The nematodes were classified into six different orders, with the order Rhabditida standing out as the most dominant (53.87%). The order Tylenchida ranked second (23.22%). Among the most common plant-parasitic nematodes identified in the study were Paratylenchus spp. Micoletzky, 1922 (Tylenchida: Tylenchulidae) (3.46%), Merlinius spp. Siddiqi, 1970 (Tylenchida: Dolichodoridae) (3.36%), and Pratylenchus spp. Filipjev, 1936 (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) (3.02%). The results of the study indicate that the c-p 2 group is prevalent under disturbed soil conditions, and the dominance of the p-p 2 and p-p 3 groups poses a significant threat to apple orchards. These findings highlight that nematode c-p series are important bioindicators in the assessment of soil quality, and such analyses should be expanded through regional studies.

Keywords

• Apple orchards
• biodiversity
• bioindicators
• plant-parasitic nematodes
• soil quality

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