Depolanmış çeltikte pirinç biti, Sitophilus oryzae L., 1763 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)’nin mücadelesinde diyatom toprağı formülasyonlarının değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma 2012-2014 yılları arasında laboratuvar koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışma ile diyatom toprağı (DT) formülasyonlarının, önemli bir depo zararlısı olan Sitophilus oryzae L., 1763 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Pirinç biti)’ye karşı depolanmış çeltikte koruyucu etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmalar 30°C sıcaklık ve %75 orantılı nemde, DT uygulanmış çeltikte yürütülmüştür. Denemelerde Protector^® (DT formülasyonu) ve DEA-P (DT ile abemectin karışım formülasyonu) formülasyonlarının farklı konsantrasyonları kullanılmıştır. Çalışmalarda DT uygulamasının ardından birer hafta ara ile 4 kez ölü ergin birey sayımı yapılmış ve ölüm oranları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca S. oryzae’nin F₁ çıkışını (birinci nesil erginleri) belirlemek amacı ile çeltik tekrar aynı koşullarda 60 gün süre ile bekletilerek yeni nesil ergin sayıları hesaplanmıştır. Protector^®, S. oryzae erginlerinde 1000 ppm konsantrasyonunda 14. günde %100 ölüm sağlarken DEA-P aynı ölüm oranını 75 ppm konsantrasyonda aynı sürede sağlamıştır. F₁ çıkışlarını belirlemek için yapılan çalışmalarda ise Protector^® 60 günlük depolama süresi sonunda 1750 ppm konsantrasyonda %100 etkili olurken, DEA-P ise 50 ppm konsantrasyonda %100 ölüme neden olmuştur. Sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, her iki diyatom toprağı formülasyonunun ürünü koruyucu etkisinin olduğu, ancak DEA-P’ nin S. oryzae’ye karşı Protector^®’unkilerden daha düşük konsantrasyonlarda etkili olduğu saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diyatom toprağı
• fiziksel mücadele
• Sitophilus oryzae
• depolanmış çeltik

Evaluation of diatomaceous earth formulations for the control of rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L., 1763 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in stored rice

Abstract

A study was conducted between 2012 and 2014 on the protective efficacy of diatomaceous earth (DE) formulations against Sitophilus oryzae L., 1763 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (rice weevil), a major pest of the stored rice. Biological tests were carried out at 30°C and 75% RH on rice treated with DE formulations. In the biological tests, different concentrations of Protector^® (DE formulation) and DEA-P [mixture of natural DE (83%) and 0.25% abamectin (w:w)] were used. After DE treatment, dead adults were counted once a week for a month and percentage mortalities were determined. In order to determine progeny production (F₁), rice was also incubated under the same conditions for a 60-day period. Protector^® gave 100% mortality to S. oryzae adults at 1000 ppm after 14 d, and DEA-P gave the same mortality rate at 75 ppm at the same time. In studies to determine progeny (F1) emergence, Protector^® resulted in 100% mortality at 1750 ppm after 60 d of storage, while DEA-P caused 100% mortality at 50 ppm concentration. In conclusion, the protective effect of both DE formulations was confirmed, however DEA-P was more effective against S. oryzae at lower concentrations than Protector^®.

Keywords

• Diatomaceous earth
• physical control
• Sitophilus oryzae
• stored rice

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