Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)'in yedi konukçu bitki ve bir yapay besin üzerindeki performansı

Öz

Doğu meyve sineği, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) Asya ve Pasifik bölgesinde ana zararlılardan biri, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri başta olmak üzere pek çok ülkede de önemli bir karantina zararlısıdır. Bu zararlı Tayvan'da 150'den fazla kültür bitkisine saldırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada zararlıya ilişkin ekolojik temel bazı bilgilerin elde edilmesi için yedi farklı konukçu bitki ve bir yapay besin üzerinde zararlının yaşam çizelgesi parametreleri elde edilmiştir. Çalışma, 25±1°C sıcaklık, %70±10 orantılı nem ve 12:12 saatlik aydınlık-karanlık koşullarını sağlayan iklim odasında yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler iki eşeyli yaş ve döneme bağlı yaşam çizelgesine göre analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre, bırakılan ortalama yumurta sayısı 252.3 ile 1300.3 arasında değişmiş olup, en yüksek değer pomelo üzerinde elde edilmiştir. Net üreme gücü (R0) değeri konukçu bitkiye bağlı olarak 100.9 ile 588.3 arasında değişiklik göstermiş ve en yüksek olarak jujube üzerinde elde edilmiştir. Kalıtsal üreme yeteneği (r) pitaya, yapay besin, guava, tatlı portakal, balmumu elma (wax apple), pomelo, jujube ve yabani tip mango üzerinde sırasıyla 0.1790, 0.1667, 0.1333, 0.1261, 0.1161, 0.1128, 0.1120, ve 0.0797g-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada kullanılan ve yaygın olarak bulunan meyveler üzerinde elde edilen yüksek doğurganlık, net üreme gücü ve kalıtsal üreme yeteneği değerleri, son yıllarda bu zararlıyı kontrol etmenin neden güç olduğunu açıklamaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar populasyonun dönem yapısı ve gelişmesine ilişkin önemli bilgiler sunmakta, iki eşeyli yaş ve döneme bağlı yaşam çizelgesinin ekolojik çalışmalar ve zararlı yönetim programlarında yararlanılabilecek önemli bir araç olduğunu göstermektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bactrocera dorsalis, yaşam çizelgesi, konukçu bitki

Fitness of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) on seven host plants and an artificial diet

Abstract

The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is one of the most destructive pests in the Asia and Pacific area and is an important quarantine pest for the United States and many countries. This fly attacks more than 150 cultivated and wild fruits in Taiwan. To build an ecological database, we studied the life tables of B. dorsalis reared on seven host plants and an artificial diet at 25±1°C, 70±10% R.H., and a photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D) h. The life history raw data were analyzed using an age-stage, two-sex life table. The mean fecundity (F) ranged from 252.3 to 1300.3 eggs per female, and the highest fecundity was observed on pomelo; the net reproductive rate (R0) ranged from 100.9 to 588.3, and the highest reproductive rate was observed on jujube. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) was 0.1790, 0.1667, 0.1333, 0.1261, 0.1161, 0.1128, 0.1120, and 0.0797d-1on pitaya, artificial diet, guava, sweet orange, wax apple, pomelo, jujube, and wild-type mango in descending order, respectively. The high fecundity, net reproductive rates, and intrinsic rates of increase on these common fruits explain not only the high fitness of B. dorsalis as a pest in many areas but also the difficulty in managing this pest in past decades, as well. Finally, the results of a population projection could reveal the population growth and stage structure. The study were demonstrated that the age-stage, two-sex life table is a promising and reliable tool for pest management and general ecological study

Keywords

• Bactrocera dorsalis, life table, host plant

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