Nematode biyodiversity in agricultural and natural habitats of Sanliurfa, Turkey

Abstract

The study was conducted to examine the biodiversity of terrestrial nematodes in agricultural and non-agricultural areas of Sanliurfa, Turkey. Study area defined with the semi-arid features consisting irrigated and dry cultures, has been divided into 5 sub-regions regarding the geographic and ecological boundaries. Samples were taken twice a year, one in the mid-spring and second in the mid-fall for 3 years, in 2003-2005. Nematode fauna has been represented by 26 species, 28 genus, and 4 families which all belonged to 8 orders. The proportions of plant parasitic and free-living nematodes were 39 % and 61%, respectively. Plant parasitic nematodes were represented by 26 species and 6 genera belonged to 2 orders (Tylenchida and Dorylaimida); bacterivores were represented by 4 families and 10 genus belonged to 4 orders (Rhabditida, Cephalobida, Diplogaterida and Monhysterida); fungivores were represented by 3 genus belonged to 2 orders (Aphelenchida and Tylenchida); predators were represented by 2 genus belonged to 2 orders (Mononchida and Aphelenchida) and the omnivores repsetented by 7 genus belonged to 1 order (Dorylaimida). Diversity of nematode communities either in the plant parasitic fauna or the free-living fauna have displayed differences in the sub-regions of the study area. The main reason may be due to the past history of the agricultural practices employed in each of the sub-regions.

Keywords

• Biodiversity
• nematode
• plant-parasitic
• free-living

Şanlıurfa ilinde tarımsal ve doğal alanlarda nematod biyoçeşitliliği

Öz

Şanlıurfa ili nematod faunası ve biyoçeşitliliğini belirlemek amacıyla, tarımsal ve doğal ekosistemlerde sürvey çalışmaları 2003-2005 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Yarı-kurak olarak nitelendirilen bu çalışma alanı, kuru ve sulanabilir tarım alanlarını içermek-tedir. Coğrafi ve ekolojik farklılıklar ile ulaşım imkanları göz önüne alınarak çalışma alanı 5 alt-bölgeye ayrılmıştır. Örnekleme, 3 yıl boyunca, biri bahar döneminde diğeri güz döneminde olmak üzere yılda iki kez yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada tespit edilen nematod faunası 8 takıma ait 26 tür, 28 cins ve 4 familyadan oluşmuştur. Faunada bitki paraziti ve serbest yaşayan nematodların oranı sırasıyla % 39 ve % 61 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Bitki parazitleri 2 takıma (Tylenchida ve Dorylaimaida) ait 26 tür ve 6 cins ile; bakterivorlar 4 takıma (Cephalobida, Diplogasterida, Monhysterida ve Rhabtida) ait 4 familya ve 10 cins ile; fungivorlar 2 takıma ait (Aphelenchida ve Tylenchida) ait 3 cins ile; predatörler 2 takıma (Aphlenchida ve monochida) ait 2 cins ile; omnivorlar 1 takıma (Dorylaimida) ait 7 cins ile temsil edilmişlerdir. Ekosistem bitki örtüsünün, nematod fauna ve biyoçeşitliliğine etkisinin diğer faktörlere göre daha bariz olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyoçeşitlilik
• nematod
• bitki paraziti
• serbest yaşayan

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