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Effects of entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), in biological control of Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Year 2015, Volume: 39 Issue: 3, 239 - 250, 29.04.2015
https://doi.org/10.16970/ted.43220

Abstract

Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the most serious pests in Iran that attacks nearly all vegetables. Using synthetic insecticides is the main controlling method of this pest. Human and environmental health hazards on insecticides usage encourage scientists to search for alternative safer methods. This research is devised to evaluate the potential of two indigenous entomopathogenic nematodes against this pest. Ability of different concentrations of infective juveniles to infect penultimate and last instars larvae, pre-pupa and pupa was assessed under laboratory condition after 12, 24 and 48 h. Susceptibility of larval stages, pre-pupa and pupa to different concentrations of both entomopathogenic nematodes was evaluated in a pot experiment. Final instar larvae was the most susceptible stage in both laboratory and greenhouse condition. Pre-pupa was more vulnerable to entomopathogenic nematodes as compared with pupa. The mortality increased with increasing in the time of exposure. After 12 hours, the LD50 of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema carpocapsae (weiser) on final instar larvae were 34 and 56 infective juveniles per 10 cm Petri dish respectively. About 98 and 90% of final instar larvae were parasitized five days after exposing to H. bacteriophora and S. carpocapsae in the greenhouse. According to the results, these two indigenous entomopathogenic nematodes have good potentials in managing A. segetum.

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Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)’ un biyolojik mücadelesinde entomopatojen nematodlar, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) ve Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser)’ ın etkinlikleri

Year 2015, Volume: 39 Issue: 3, 239 - 250, 29.04.2015
https://doi.org/10.16970/ted.43220

Abstract

Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), İran'da hemen hemen tüm sebze bitkilerine saldıran en önemli zararlılardan birisidir. Zararlının mücadelesinde sentetik kimyasallar kullanılmaktadır. İnsektisit kullanımının çevreye insan hayatına vermiş olduğu olumsuz etkileri ortadan kaldırmak için bilim insanları zararlılar ile mücadele için alternatif ve daha güvenli metotlar araştırmaktadırlar. Bu çalışma bu zararlıya karşı iki entomopatojen nematod türünün potansiyelini belirlemek için planlanmıştır. Farklı konsantrasyondaki nematod juvenillerinin zararlının sondan bir önceki, son, pre-pupa ve pupa dönemleri üzerindeki etkisi laboratuvar koşullarında uygulamadan 12, 24 ve 48 saat sonra değerlendirilmiştir. Larva dönemlerinin, pre-pupa ve pupa dönemlerinin her iki nematodun farklı konsantrasyonlarına uygunluğu saksı denemeleri ile belirlenmiştir. Zararlının son larva dönemi hem laboratuvar hem de sera koşullarında nematodlar için en uygun dönem olarak belirlenmiştir. Pupa dönemi ile karşılaştırıldığında pre-pupa dönemi nematodlara karşı daha hassas bulunmuştur. Ölüm oranı zararlının nematodla muamele süresi arttıkça artmıştır. Uygulamadan 12 saat sonra Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) ve Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser)' nın son larva dönemine karşı 10 cm çapındaki Petri kabında LD50 değeri sırasıyla 34 ve 56 juvenil bulunmuştur. Serada H. bacteriophora ve S. carpocapsae uygulamalarından beş gün sonra son larva dönemlerinin yaklaşık % 98 ve 90'nın nematodlar tarafından parazitlendiği tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre her iki entomopatojen nematod türünün A. segetum mücadelesinde önemli bir potansiyele sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.

References

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  • Ansari, M.A., A. Farman & M. Moens, 2006. Compared virulence of the Belgian isolate of Steinernema glaseri (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and the type population of S. scarabaei to white grub species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Nematology, 8: 787–791.
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  • Bélair, G., L. Simard & J. Dionne, 2013. Canadian entomopathogenic nematode isolates: virulence against black cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Phytoprotection, 93: 43–46.
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  • Georgis, R., A.M. Koppenhöfer, L.A. Lacey, G. Belair, L.W. Duncan, P.S. Grewal, M. Samish, L. Tan, P. Torr & R.W.H.M. Van Tol, 2006. Successes and failures in the use of parasitic nematodes for pest control. Biological Control, 38: 103–123.
  • Gökçe, C., H. Yilmaz, Z. Erbas, Z. Demirbağ & İ. Demir, 2013. First record of Steinernema kraussei (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) from Turkey and its virulence against Agrotis segetum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Nematology, 45: 253–259.
  • Gökçe, C., Z. Erbas, H. Yilmaz, Z. Demirbağ & İ. Demir, 2015. A new entomopathogenic nematode species from Turkey, Steinernema websteri (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), and its virulence. Turkish Journal of Biology, 39: 167–174.
  • Griffin, C.T., N.E. Boemare & E.E. Lewis, 2005.“Biology and behaviour, 47–64”. In: Nematodes as Biocontrol Agents (Eds: P. S. Grewal, R. -U. Ehlers & D. I. Shapiro-Ilan), CAB International, Wallingford, 505 pp.
  • Hazir, S., H.K. Kaya, S.P. Stock & N. Keskin, 2003. Entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) for biological control of soil pests. Turkish Journal of Biology, 27: 181–202.
  • Hominick, W.M., 2002. “Biogeography, 115–143”. In: Entomopathogenic Nematology (Ed: R. Gaugler), CABI Publishing, Wallingford, 388 pp.
  • Hunt, D.J., 2007. “Introduction, 1–26”. In: Entomopathogenic Nematodes: Systematics, Phylogeny and Bacterial Symbionts, Nematology monographs and perspectives ((Eds; K. B. Nguyen & D. J. Hunt), Series Eds: D. J. Hunt & R. N. Perry), Vol 5. Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 816 pp.
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  • Jakubowska, A., M.M. Van Oers, J. Ziemnicka, J.J. Lipa & J.M. Valk, 2005. Molecular characterization of Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus from Poland. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 90: 64–68.
  • Kamali, Sh., J. Karimi, M. Hosseini, R. Campos-Herrera & L.W. Duncan, 2013. Biocontrol potential of the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae on cucurbit fly, Dacus ciliatus (Diptera: Tephritidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 23: 1307–1323.
  • Kaya, H.K., M.M. Aguillera, A. Alumai, H.Y. Choo, M. De la Torre, A. Fodor, S. Ganguly, S. Hazır, T. Lakatos, A. Pye, M. Wilson, S. Yamanaka, H. Yangm & R.-U. Ehlers, 2006. Status of entomopathogenic nematodes and their symbiotic bacteria from selected countries or regions of the world. Biological control, 38: 134–155.
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  • Koppenhöfer, A.M. & H.K. Kaya, 2002. “Entomopathogenic nematodes and insect pest management, 258–313”. In: Microbial Biopesticides (Eds: O. Koul & G.S. Dhaliwal), Taylor & Francis, Abingdon, 332 pp.
  • Koppenhöfer, A.M., 2000. “Nematodes, 283–301”. In: Field Manual of Techniques in Invertebrate Pathology (Eds: L.A. Lacey & H.K. Kaya). Kluwer, Dordrecht, 911 pp.
  • Lacey, L.A. & R. Georgis, 2012. Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of insect pests above and below ground with comments on commercial production. Journal of Nematology, 44: 218–225.
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There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Maria Goudarzi

Mohammad Reza Moosavi

Rahil Asadi This is me

Publication Date April 29, 2015
Submission Date April 29, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 39 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Goudarzi, M., Moosavi, M. R., & Asadi, R. (2015). Effects of entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), in biological control of Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Turkish Journal of Entomology, 39(3), 239-250. https://doi.org/10.16970/ted.43220
AMA Goudarzi M, Moosavi MR, Asadi R. Effects of entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), in biological control of Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). TED. October 2015;39(3):239-250. doi:10.16970/ted.43220
Chicago Goudarzi, Maria, Mohammad Reza Moosavi, and Rahil Asadi. “Effects of Entomopathogenic Nematodes, Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema Carpocapsae (Weiser), in Biological Control of Agrotis Segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 39, no. 3 (October 2015): 239-50. https://doi.org/10.16970/ted.43220.
EndNote Goudarzi M, Moosavi MR, Asadi R (October 1, 2015) Effects of entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), in biological control of Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Turkish Journal of Entomology 39 3 239–250.
IEEE M. Goudarzi, M. R. Moosavi, and R. Asadi, “Effects of entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), in biological control of Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)”, TED, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 239–250, 2015, doi: 10.16970/ted.43220.
ISNAD Goudarzi, Maria et al. “Effects of Entomopathogenic Nematodes, Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema Carpocapsae (Weiser), in Biological Control of Agrotis Segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 39/3 (October 2015), 239-250. https://doi.org/10.16970/ted.43220.
JAMA Goudarzi M, Moosavi MR, Asadi R. Effects of entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), in biological control of Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). TED. 2015;39:239–250.
MLA Goudarzi, Maria et al. “Effects of Entomopathogenic Nematodes, Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema Carpocapsae (Weiser), in Biological Control of Agrotis Segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)”. Turkish Journal of Entomology, vol. 39, no. 3, 2015, pp. 239-50, doi:10.16970/ted.43220.
Vancouver Goudarzi M, Moosavi MR, Asadi R. Effects of entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), in biological control of Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). TED. 2015;39(3):239-50.