Şanlıurfa ilinde tarımsal ve doğal alanlarda nematod biyoçeşitliliği

Year 2011, Volume: 35 Issue: 2, 381 - 394, 30.06.2011

Şenol Yıldız İbrahim Halil Elekcioğlu

Abstract

Şanlıurfa ili nematod faunası ve biyoçeşitliliğini belirlemek amacıyla, tarımsal ve doğal ekosistemlerde sürvey çalışmaları 2003-2005 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Yarı-kurak olarak nitelendirilen bu çalışma alanı, kuru ve sulanabilir tarım alanlarını içermek-tedir. Coğrafi ve ekolojik farklılıklar ile ulaşım imkanları göz önüne alınarak çalışma alanı 5 alt-bölgeye ayrılmıştır. Örnekleme, 3 yıl boyunca, biri bahar döneminde diğeri güz döneminde olmak üzere yılda iki kez yapılmıştır.
Bu çalışmada tespit edilen nematod faunası 8 takıma ait 26 tür, 28 cins ve 4 familyadan oluşmuştur. Faunada bitki paraziti ve serbest yaşayan nematodların oranı sırasıyla % 39 ve % 61 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Bitki parazitleri 2 takıma (Tylenchida ve Dorylaimaida) ait 26 tür ve 6 cins ile; bakterivorlar 4 takıma (Cephalobida, Diplogasterida, Monhysterida ve Rhabtida) ait 4 familya ve 10 cins ile; fungivorlar 2 takıma ait (Aphelenchida ve Tylenchida) ait 3 cins ile; predatörler 2 takıma (Aphlenchida ve monochida) ait 2 cins ile; omnivorlar 1 takıma (Dorylaimida) ait 7 cins ile temsil edilmişlerdir. Ekosistem bitki örtüsünün, nematod fauna ve biyoçeşitliliğine etkisinin diğer faktörlere göre daha bariz olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Biyoçeşitlilik, nematod, bitki paraziti, serbest yaşayan

Supporting Institution

(TOVAG-3254) nolu proje kapsamında destekleyen TUBİTAK ve (FBE-2002-D205) numaralı tez projesi olarak destekleyen Ç.Ü. BAP

Project Number

(TOVAG-3254) nolu proje kapsamında destekleyen TUBİTAK ve (FBE-2002-D205) numaralı tez projesi olarak destekleyen Ç.Ü. BAP

Thanks

Çalışmayı, (TOVAG-3254) nolu proje kapsamında destekleyen TUBİTAK ve (FBE-2002-D205) numaralı tez projesi olarak destekleyen Ç.Ü. BAP ve arazi çalışmaları sırasında yardımlarını esirgemeyen Harran Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bitki Koruma Bölümü’nden Doç. Dr. Levent ÜNLÜ, Doç. Dr. Bekir BÜKÜN, Yrd. Doç. Dr. Ertan YANIK’a ve Toprak Bölümü’nden Doç. Dr. Salih AYDEMİR’e teşekkür ederiz.

Nematode biyodiversity in agricultural and natural habitats of Sanliurfa, Turkey

Abstract

The study was conducted to examine the biodiversity of terrestrial nematodes in agricultural and non-agricultural areas of Sanliurfa, Turkey. Study area defined with the semi-arid features consisting irrigated and dry cultures, has been divided into 5 sub-regions regarding the geographic and ecological boundaries. Samples were taken twice a year, one in the mid-spring and second in the mid-fall for 3 years, in 2003-2005.
Nematode fauna has been represented by 26 species, 28 genus, and 4 families which all belonged to 8 orders. The proportions of plant parasitic and free-living nematodes were 39 % and 61%, respectively. Plant parasitic nematodes were represented by 26 species and 6 genera belonged to 2 orders (Tylenchida and Dorylaimida); bacterivores were represented by 4 families and 10 genus belonged to 4 orders (Rhabditida, Cephalobida, Diplogaterida and Monhysterida); fungivores were represented by 3 genus belonged to 2 orders (Aphelenchida and Tylenchida); predators were represented by 2 genus belonged to 2 orders (Mononchida and Aphelenchida) and the omnivores repsetented by 7 genus belonged to 1 order (Dorylaimida). Diversity of nematode communities either in the plant parasitic fauna or the free-living fauna have displayed differences in the sub-regions of the study area. The main reason may be due to the past history of the agricultural practices employed in each of the sub-regions.

Keywords

Biodiversity, nematode, plant-parasitic, free-living

Project Number

(TOVAG-3254) nolu proje kapsamında destekleyen TUBİTAK ve (FBE-2002-D205) numaralı tez projesi olarak destekleyen Ç.Ü. BAP

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