Koç ve Boğa Abomazumunda Progesteron Reseptörünün İmmunlokalizasyonu

Abstract

Progesteron (P4) memeli ovaryumunda korpus luteum tarafından üretilen, hem dişi ve erkek üreme sistemlerinde hem de reprodüktif olmayan doku ve organlarda çeşitli fonksiyonlar üstlenir. P4 hedef dokulardaki etkilerini, progesteron reseptörü (PR) adı verilen spesifik hücre içi reseptörler aracılığıyla gerçekleştirir. Çeşitli çalışmalar PR’lerinin hem normal sağlıklı hem de kanserli mide dokularında eksprese edildiğini ve mide mukozasının progesteronun eylemi için hedef doku olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. PR ekspresyonu insan, fare, rat ve mongol gerbil midesinde rapor edilmesine rağmen koç ve boğa midelerinde bu reseptörün varlığına dair çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Sunulan çalışmanın amacı PR’ünün erişkin koç ve boğa abomazumlarının kardiya, fundus ve pilorus bölgelerinde eksprese edilip edilmediğini, PR ekspresyonunun mide bölümlerininin yapısal özelliklerine bağlı bir değişim gösterip göstermediğini immunohistokimyasal yöntemle belirlemek ve PR’ünün olası rolünü değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmamızda her iki türün abomazum bölümlerinde yüzey epitel hücreleri hariç, foveola gastrika'yı örten epitel hücrelerinde ve lamina propriyadaki bez epitel hücrelerinde PR’ünün çekirdekten ziyade sitoplazmik ve membransel yerleşim gösterdiği tespit edildi. Koç abomazumunun kardiya bölümünde de bulunduğu gözlenen pariyetal hücreler ile her iki türün fundus bölgesindeki pariyetal hücrelerde PR immunreaksiyonunun kuvvetli sitoplazmik olduğu gözlendi. Pilorus bölgesinde foveola gastrika epitel hücrelerinin ve müköz bez epitel hücrelerinin bazal sitoplazmalarının ve lateral membranlarının PR için pozitif boyanma sergiledikleri görüldü. Bunların yanı sıra koç ve boğa abomazumlarının her üç bölümünde tunika muskularisi oluşturan düz kas hücrelerinde, lamina propriya ve tunika muskularisdeki kan damarlarının endotel ve düz kas hücrelerinde sitoplazmik PR immunoreaksiyonu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak bu bulgular progesteronun, koç ve boğa midelerinde çeşitli biyolojik süreçleri PR’leri aracılığıyla düzenlediğinin önemli bir kanıtı olabilir. 

Keywords

• Abomazum,boğa,immunohistokimya,koç,progesteron reseptörü

The immunolocalization of Progestrone receptor in the abomasum of Ram and Bull

Abstract

Progesterone (P4), which is produced by the corpus luteum in the mammalian ovary, undertakes various functions in both female and male reproductive systems as well as non-reproductive tissues and organs. P4 effects the effects of target tissues via specific intracellular receptors called progesterone receptor (PR). Several studies have demonstrated that PR is expressed in both healthy and cancerous stomach tissues and that the gastric mucosa is the target tissue for progesterone action. Although PR expression is reported in human, mouse, rat and mongol gerbil stomach, there is no study of the presence of this receptor in rams and bull abomasum. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether PR is expressed in adult ram and bull abomasum, and whether the PR expression exhibits a change depending on the structural properties of the abomasum regions, i.e. the cardia, fundus and pylorus using immunohistochemistry, and to evaluate the possible function of PR. In both species, the epithelial cells lining the foveola gastrica and the epithelial gland cells in the lamina propria, except for surface epithelial cells, exhibited cytoplasmic and membranous immunostaining for PR. The parietal cells of the fundus region in the abomasum of both species and of the cardia region of ram abomasum displayed strongly cytoplasmic PR immunoreactivity. The basal cytoplasm and lateral membranes of the epithelial cells in the foveola gastrica and the epithelial cells of mucous gland in the pylorus region showed positive staining for PR. In addition, cytoplasmic PR immunoreactivity was detected in the smooth muscle cells of tunica muscularis and in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells of blood vessels in the abomasum wall. As a result, these findings may be an important proof that P4 regulates biologically distinct processes in abomasum of ram and bull through the action of the PRs.

Keywords

• Abomasum,bull,immunohistochemistry,progesterone receptor,ram

References

1. 1. Abid S, Gokral J, Maita A, meharji P, Kadam S, Pires E, Modi D. Altered expression of progesterone receptors in testis of infertile men. Reprod Biomed Online 2008; 17(2): 175-84.
2. 2. Anzaldua SR, Camacho-Arroyo I, Reyna-Neyra A, Perez- Martinez M, Cerbon M. Regional differences in expression of progesterone receptor in oviduct and uterus of rabbit during early pregnancy. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007; 147(3): 685-90.
3. 3. Beato M, Herrlich P, Schutz G. Steroid hormone receptors: Many actors in search of a plot. Cell 1995; 83(6): 851-7.
4. 4. Bellance C, Khan JA, Meduri G, Guiochon-Mantel A, Lombès M, Loosfelt H. Progesterone receptor isoforms PRA and PRB differentially contribute to breast cancer cell migration through interaction with focal adhesion kinase complexes. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 24(9): 1363-74.
5. 5. Brinton RD, Thompson RF, Foy MR, Baudry M, Wang J, Finch CE, Morgan TE, Pike CJ, Mack WJ, Stanczyk FZ, Nilsen J. Progesterone receptors: Form and function in brain. Front Neuroendocrinol 2008; 29(2): 313-9.
6. 6. Bruce LA, Beshudi FM. Progesterone effects on three regional gastrointestinal tissues. Life Science 1979; 25(9): 729-34.
7. 7. Doglioni C, Gambacorta M, Zamboni G, Coggi G, Viale G. Immunocytochemical localization of progesterone receptors in endocrine cells of the human pancreas. Am J Pathol 1990; 137(5): 999-1005.
8. 8. Dressing GE, Goldberg JE, Charles NJ, Schwertfeger KL, Lange CA. Membrane progesterone receptor expression in mammalian tissues; a review of regulation and physiological implications. Steroids 2011; 76(1-2): 11-7.

9. 9. Eliakim R, Abulafia O, Sherer DM. Estrogen, progesterone and the gastrointestinal tract. J Reprod Med 2000; 45(10): 781-8.
10. 10. Gava N, Clarke CL, Byth K, Arnett-Mansfield RL, deFazio A. Expression of progesterone receptors A and B in the mouse ovary during the estrous cycle. Endocrinology 2004; 145(7): 3487-94.
11. 11. Gellersen B, Fernandes MS, Brosens JJ. Non-genomic progesterone actions in female reproduction. Hum Reprod Update 2009; 15(1): 119-38.
12. 12. Ingegno MD, Moner SR, Thelmo W, Greene GL, Davidian M, Jaffe BM, Pertschuk LP. Progesterone receptors in the human heart and great vessels. Lab Invest 1988; 59(3): 353-6.
13. 13. Kalkhoff RK. Metabolic effects of progesterone. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982; 142(6): 735-8.
14. 14. Karakoç Z, Sagsöz H, Ketani MA. Mucin profiles of the abomasum in bulls and rams: A comparative study. Microsc Res Techniq 2016; 79(9): 856-68.
15. 15. Karat D, Brotherick I, Shenton BK, Scott D, Raimes SA, Griffin SM. Expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in gastric cancer: A flow cytometric study. Br J Cancer 1999; 80(8): 1271-4.
16. 16. Le Goascogne C, Sananès N, Eychenne B, Gouézou M, Baulieu EE, Robel P. Androgen biosynthesis in the stomach: Expression of cytochrome P450 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase messenger ribonucleic acid and protein, and metabolism of pregnenolone and progesterone by parietal cells of the rat gastric mucosa. Endocrinology 1995; 136(4): 1744-52.
17. 17. Liu CY, Chen LB, Liu PY, Xie DP, Wang PS. Effects of progesterone on gastric emptying and intestinal transit in male rats. World J Gastroenterol 2002; 8(2): 338-41.
18. 18. Michaletz-Onody PA. Peptic ulcer disease in pregnancy. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1993; 21(4): 817-26.
19. 19. Oettel M, Mukhopadhyay AK. Progesterone: The forgotten hormone in men? Aging Male 2002; 7(3): 236-57.
20. 20. Oshima CT, Wonraht DR, Catarino RM, Mattos D, Forones NM. Estrogen and progesterone receptors in gastric and colorectal cancer. Hepatogastroenterology 1999; 46(30): 3155-8.
21. 21. Ozfiliz N, Tutuncu Ş, Erdost H. Immunohistochemical distribution of ghrelin positive cells in the abomasum of sheep. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg 2011; 58(1): 61-4.
22. 22. Pfaffl MW, Lange IG, Meyer HH. The gastrointestinal tract as target of steroid hormone action: Quantification of steroid receptor mRNA expression (AR, ER, ER and PR) in 10 bovine gastrointestinal tract compartments by kinetic RT-PCR. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2003; 84(2-3): 159-66.
23. 23. Quinkler M, Bumke-Vogt C, Meyer B, Bahr V, Oelkers W, Diederich S. The human kidney is a progesterone-metabolizing and androgen-producing organ. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88(6): 2803-9.
24. 24. Saqui-Salces M, Rocha-Gutierrez BL, Barrios-Payan JA, Ruiz-Palacios G, Camacho-Arroyo I, Gamboa-Dominguez A. Effects of estradiol and progesterone on gastric mucosal response to early Helicobacter pylori infection in female gerbils. Helicobacter 2006; 11(2): 123-30.
25. 25. Saqui-Salces M, Neri-Gomez T, Gamboa-Dominguez A, Ruiz-Palaciaos G, Camacho-Arrovo I. Estrogen and progesterone receptor isoforms expression in the stomach of Mongolian gerbils. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14(37): 5701-6.
26. 26. Shyamala G, Chou YC, Louie SG, Guzman RC, Smith GH, Nandi S. Cellular expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in mammary glands: Regulation by hormones, development and aging. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2002; 80(2): 137-48.
27. 27. Thomas P. Discovery of a new family of membrane progesterone receptors in vertebrates and detection of the alpha and beta subtypes in mouse brain, testis and uterus. Med Chem Res 2004; 13(3-4): 202-9.
28. 28. Ueyama T, Shirasawa N, Numazawa M, Yamada K, Shelangouski M, Ito T, Tsuruo Y. Gastric parietal cells: Potent endocrine role in secreting estrogen as a possible regulator of gastro-hepatic axis. Endocrinology 2002; 143(8): 3162-70.
29. 29. Wald A, Van Thiel DH, Hoechstetter L, Gavaler JS, Egler KM, Verm R, Scott L, Lester R. Gastrointestinal transit: The effect of the menstrual cycle. Gastroenterology 1981; 80(6): 1497-1500.
30. 30. You S, Zuo L, Varma V. Broad tissue expression of membrane progesterone receptor alpha in normal mice. J Mol Hist 2010; 41(2-3): 101-10.