Recent Advances in the Application Superovulation in Cattle

Abstract

The purpose of superovulation applications is to obtain the maximum number of fertilization and transferable embryos. Differences in ovarian functional responses in superovulated cattle and the unpredictability of this condition negatively affect the profitability and applicability of embryo transfer programs. Differential functional responses of donors to superovulatory applications are due to differences in the stages of follicular development on the ovaries at the onset of gonadotropin administration. The traditional superovulation methods which initiated to be applied between 8-12 days of oestrus cycle the important disadvantages such as the inability of the donors to get into practice at the same time and at the same time as the cycle, have led practitioners to search for alternative superovulation methods. Superovulation methods developed rapidly after the use of purified pituitary extracts and intravaginal devices of progesterone release. Superovulation can be applied to desired number of donor animals at any time during the cycle determination of ovarian follicul dynamic, controlling the exogenous follicular wave appearance and the implementation of synchronization of the follicular wave based on removal of the dominant follicle suppressive effect. Furthermore, the results obtained from these new practical approaches developed are comparable to those obtained by traditional superovulation methods. The development of protocols in which simplified and optimal number of transferable embryos can be obtained will contribute positively to the cost and applicability of embryo production and transfer studies.

Keywords

• Folliculer wave,FSH,GnRH,estradiol,superovulation

İneklerde Süperovulasyon Uygulamalarında Son Gelişmeler

Abstract

Süperovulasyon uygulamalarının amacı maksimum sayıda fertilizasyon ve transfer edilebilir embriyo elde etmektir. Süperovulasyon uygulanan sığırlarda ovaryum fonksiyonel cevabındaki farklılıklar ve bu durumun önceden tahmin edilememesi embriyo transfer programlarının karlılığını ve uygulanabilirliğini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Donörlerin süperovulasyon uygulamalarına verdikleri fonksiyonel yanıt farklılıkları gonadotropin uygulamasının başlangıcında ovaryumlar üzerindeki foliküler gelişim aşamalarındaki farklılıklardan kaynaklanmaktadır. Östrus siklusunun 8-12. günleri arasında uygulamaya başlanılan geleneksel süperovulasyon yöntemlerinin yoğun iş gücü gereksinimi ve donörlerin aynı zaman ve siklus aşamasında uygulamaya alınamaması gibi önemli dezavantajları uygulayıcıları alternatif süperovulasyon yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesi arayışına yöneltmiştir.  Süperovulasyon yöntemleri saflaştırılmış hipofiz ekstraktları ve progesteron salınımı yapan intravaginal araçların kullanılmaya başlamasından sonra hızla gelişim göstermiştir. Ovaryumun folikül dinamiğinin belirlenmesi, foliküler dalga oluşumunun ekzojen kontrolü ve dominant folikülün baskılayıcı etkisinin ortadan kaldırılmasını temel alan foliküler dalga senkronizasyonu uygulamalarının gerçekleştirilmesi ile siklusun herhangi bir döneminde istenilen sayıda donör hayvana aynı zamanda süperovulasyon uygulanabilmektedir. Ayrıca geliştirilen bu yeni pratik yaklaşımlardan elde edilen sonuçlar geleneksel süperovulasyon yöntemleri ile elde edilen sonuçlarla karşılaştırılabilir düzeydedir. Sadeleştirilmiş ve optimum sayıda transfer edilebilir embriyo elde edilebilen protokollerin geliştirilmesi embriyo üretimi ve transferi çalışmalarının maliyeti ve uygulanabilirliği üzerine olumlu katkı sağlayacaktır.  

Keywords

• Foliküler dalga,FSH,GnRH,östradiol,süperovulasyon

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