Selenium and its Supplementation in Ruminants

Abstract

Selenium as an essential trace element is needed for growth and reproduction functions of living organisms. Selenium in animals functions through selenoproteins such as glutathione peroxidase. Selenium deficiency manifests itself as retardation of growth, whereas an overdose of Se (≥2 ppm) may cause toxicities. Supplementing Se to the ration of ruminants in various physiological stages strengthens the immune system and increases the glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities, thus is effective in battling oxidative stress. However, adding Se to the diet of ruminants results in no improvement in weight gain, milk production or feed efficiency. Organic sources of Se are more effective than those of inorganic sources of Se. Selenium supplementation to the diet of cattle is an appropriate strategy for a healthier cattle husbandry. This review focuses on selenium supplementation in ruminants.

Keywords

• Performance, ruminant, selenium

Selenyum ve Ruminantlarda Kullanımı

Abstract

Selenyum canlıların büyüme ve üreme faaliyetleri için gerekli olan esensiyel bir iz elementtir. Hayvanlarda Se fonksiyonu, gulutasyon peroksidaz gibi selenoproteinler tarafından yerine getirilir. Selenyum eksikliğinde büyümede aksamalar görülürken, Se fazlalığı da (≥2 ppm) zehirlenmelere neden olur. Farklı fizyolojik aşamalardaki ruminant rasyonlarına ilave edilen selenyumun, immun sistemi güçlendirdiği, glutasyon peroksidaz enzim aktivitesini artırdığı ve dolayısıyla oksidatif strese karşı etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Ancak, ruminant rasyonlarına ilave edilen Se, canlı ağırlık artışını, süt verimini ve yemden yararlanmayı artırmamaktadır. Organik Se kaynakları inorganik kaynaklardan daha etkilidir. Sağlıklı sığır yetiştiriciliği için rasyonlara Se takviyesi uygun bir stratejidir. Bu derlemede, ruminantlarda Se kullanımı üzerine durulacaktır.

Keywords

• Performans, ruminant, selenyum

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