Depreme dayanıklı tasarım için Türkiye’de yığma yapıların yeniden canlandırılması

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 18 - 26, 01.02.2010

Saadet Toker Aslı Er Akan Semra Arslan Selçuk

Öz

Türkiye’deki hızlı ekonomik büyüme ani nüfus artışına ve bununla beraber konut ihtiyacının artmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu nedenle ülkenin büyük bir bölümünde geleneksel konutlar yok olmaya başlamış ve binalar betonarme karkasa dönüşmüştür. Yaşam koşullarındaki ve teknolojideki değişimler geleneksel konutların modernizmin bir gereği olarak algılanan betonarme apartmanlara dönüşmesine sebep olmuştur. Sonuç olarak kentler ve köyler yerel özelliklerini yavaş yavaş kaybetmiştir. 1940’lardan beri bilinmekte olan güçlendirilmiş yığma yapı Türkiye’de kısıtlamalardan ve bu sistemin potansiyellerinin bilinmemesinden dolayı kullanılmamıştır. Bu çalışma yığma yapı sistemlerinin Türkiye’deki güçlü geçmişini ve tuğla endüstrisindeki gelişimi düşünerek deprem bölgelerinde güçlendirilmiş yığma yapıların potansiyelini inceleyip açığa çıkarmayı planlamaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada ilk olarak yığma yapıların depremdeki performansları ve tuğla endüstrisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı Türk yapı sektörüne yığma yapı sisteminin avantajlarını göstermek ve tuğlanın kullanımını canlandırmak amacıyla tuğla üretim kapasitesinin altını çizmektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deprem Dayanımı, Yığma Yapı, Konut, Tuğla Üretimi

Revival of masonry buildings in turkey for earthquake resistant design

Öz

Rapid economic growth in Turkey has given rise to a large city population with the need of housing. For this reason in the most parts of the country, the traditional building techniques has started to be disappeared; and the buildings turned out to have reinforced concrete structural frame. Alteration in living conditions and technological developments led to a sudden shift from traditional masonry houses to reinforced concrete apartment blocks, which were believed to represent modernism. As a consequence, towns and villages started to lose their own characteristics. The reinforced masonry construction has been known since 1940s. But, it is not applied in Turkey due to some reasons, limitations and unconsciousness about the potential of the system. Regarding the strong background of masonry in Turkey and the developments in brick and clay industry, this study explores the potential for reinforced masonry construction systems in earthquake prone areas. Starting with the seismic performance of both the plain and reinforced masonry, the study explores the brick industry in Turkey in order to assess its potential. The objectives are to demonstrate the advantages of the widely used system to those who deal with Turkish construction industry and to underline the production capacity of the material to revive its utilization.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Earthquake Resistant, Masonry, Residential Buildings, Brick Production

Kaynakça

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