İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Fransa’da Antisemitist Medya: Je Suis Partout Gazetesi Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 337 - 360, 31.01.2022

Caner Çakı , Özkan Avcı

https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.1000655

Cited By: 1

Abstract

İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Nazi Almanya’sının Fransa’yı işgalinden sonra Üçüncü Fransız Cumhuriyeti yıkılmış ve yerine Vichy Fransa’sı adı verilen antisemitist bir rejim kurulmuştur. Bu dönemde Nazi Almanya’sının Fransa’yı işgalinden kısa bir süre önce kapatılan antisemitist görüşe sahip Je Suis Partout adlı Fransız gazetesi, Vichy Fransa’sının kurulmasından sonra tekrar yayın yapmaya başlamıştır. Nazi Almanya’sı ile işbirlikçi bir tutum sergileyen gazete, Müttefik Devletleri’nin Fransa’yı işgaline kadar yayımlarını sürdürmüş ve yayımlarında antisemitist sert söylemlere yönelmiştir. Gazetenin Yahudi karşıtı söylemleri, Nazi Almanya’sının Vichy Fransa’sındaki antisemitist söylemlerini yansıtması bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Çalışmada İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Fransa’da yayın yapan Je Suis Partout gazetesinin antisemitist söylemlerinin ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla çalışmada gazetede yayımlanan Yahudi karşıtı karikatürler, Alman dilbilimci Karl Bühler’in Organon Modeli üzerinden göstergebilim yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgularda gazetenin ABD, Sovyetler Birliği, İngiltere ve Özgür Fransa Ordusu’nun Yahudilerin denetiminde hareket ettiğine yönelik Yahudi karşıtı söylemlere yöneldiği ortaya koyulmuştur. Bu şekilde gazetenin Nazi Almanya’sının Müttefik Devletleri’ne ve Özgür Fransa Ordusu’na karşı mücadelesini meşrulaştırmaya çalıştığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

Medya, Antisemitizm, Fransa, İkinci Dünya Savaşı, Gazete

The Antisemitic Media in France in the Second World War: An Examination on Je Suis Partout Journal

Abstract

After Nazi Germany invaded France, Third French Republic collapsed and an antisemitic regime called as Vichy France was established. In this period, French journal Je Suis Partout, which had an antisemitic view, which was closed shortly before the invasion of France by Nazi Germany, started to broadcast again after the establishment of Vichy France. The journal, which displayed a collaborative attitude with Nazi Germany, continued its publications until Allied States invaded France, and turned to harsh anti-Jewish rhetoric in its publications. The journal’s antisemitic rhetoric is important in that it reflects the antisemitic rhetoric of Nazi Germany in Vichy France. In the study, it was aimed to reveal the antisemitic discourses of the Je Suis Partout journal, which published in France during the Second World War. For this purpose, antisemitic caricatures published in the journal were examined using the semiotics method through Organon Model of German linguist Karl Bühler. In the findings obtained in the study, it was revealed that the journal tended to anti-Jewish discourses that USA, Soviet Union, England and Free French Army acted under the control of Jews. In this way, it was concluded that the journal tried to legitimize the struggle of Nazi Germany against Allied Powers and Free French Army

Keywords

Journal, Media, Antisemitism, France, Second World War

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