Tuvalet Alışkanlıkları Profili Ölçeği–İkinci Revizyonun (TAPÖ-R2) Türkçeye Uyarlanması ve Kapsam Geçerliğinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Duyusal işlemleme farklılıkları, fonksiyonel dışkılama bozukluğu (FDB) olan çocuklarda görülen tuvalet alışkanlığı güçlüklerinin önemli nedenlerinden biridir. Tuvalet Alışkanlıkları Profili Ölçeği–İkinci Revizyonu (TAPÖ-R2), duyusal temelli tuvalet davranışlarını değerlendiren bir ölçektir; ancak Türkçe versiyonu bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, TAPÖ-R2’nin Türkçeye çevrilmesi, kültürel uyarlamasının yapılması ve içerik geçerliğinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: TAPÖ-R2, uluslararası kültürel uyarlama kılavuzları doğrultusunda çeviri, sentez, geri çeviri, uzman değerlendirmesi ve ön test aşamalarını içeren yedi basamaklı bir süreçle Türkçeye uyarlanmıştır. Disiplinler arası bir uzman paneli maddelerin uygunluğunu ve anlaşılırlığını değerlendirmiştir. İçerik geçerliği; Madde Düzeyinde İçerik Geçerlik İndeksi (I-CVI), Ortalama İçerik Geçerlik İndeksi (Ave-CVI) ve düzeltilmiş kappa katsayısı (k*) kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Ölçeğin anlaşılırlığı ve kullanılabilirliği bakım verenlerle gerçekleştirilen ön test aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar: TAPÖ-R2’nin Türkçe çevirisi, orijinal ölçekle güçlü anlamsal, kavramsal ve kültürel eşdeğerlik göstermiştir. Kültürel ve dilsel uygunluğu artırmak amacıyla bazı uyarlamalar yapılmıştır. Tüm maddeler mükemmel içerik geçerliği değerlerine ulaşmış (I-CVI=1,00; Ave-CVI=1,00; k*=1,00) ve uzmanlar arasında tam görüş birliği (%100) sağlanmıştır. Ön test sonuçları, ölçeğin anlaşılabilir ve uygulanabilir olduğunu göstermiştir. Tartışma: Türkçe TAPÖ-R2’nin içerik geçerliğinin mükemmel olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ölçek, Türkçeye çevrilmiş ve Türk kültürel bağlamına uygun şekilde uyarlanmıştır. Psikometrik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesine yönelik daha geniş örneklemli çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

• duyusal işlemleme
• Dışkılama bozuklukları
• Çocuk
• Anketler ve ölçekler

Turkish Adaptation and Content Validity Analysis of the Toileting Habit Profile Questionnaire – 2nd Revision Form (THPQ-R2)

Abstract

Objective: Sensory processing differences are an important contributor to toileting difficulties in children with functional defecation disorders (FDD). The Toileting Habit Profile Questionnaire–Revised 2 (THPQ-R2) assesses sensory-based toileting behaviors; however, a Turkish version is unavailable. This study aimed to translate the THPQ-R2 into Turkish, culturally adapt it, and evaluate its content validity. Materials and Methods: The THPQ-R2 was adapted into Turkish through a seven-step process including translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert review, and pretesting in accordance with international cross-cultural adaptation guidelines. An interdisciplinary expert panel evaluated item relevance and clarity. Content validity was assessed using the Item-Level Content Validity Index (I-CVI), Average Content Validity Index (Ave-CVI), and modified kappa coefficient (k*). Comprehensibility and usability were evaluated through caregiver pretesting. Results: The Turkish translation of the THPQ-R2 demonstrated strong semantic, conceptual, and cultural equivalence with the original instrument. Adaptations were made to enhance cultural and linguistic appropriateness. All items achieved excellent content validity (I-CVI=1.00, Ave-CVI=1.00, k*=1.00), with complete agreement among experts (100%). Pretesting indicated that the scale was understandable and feasible. Discussion: The Turkish THPQ-R2 demonstrated excellent content validity and was successfully adapted to the Turkish language and cultural context. Further studies are needed to evaluate psychometrics in larger samples.

Keywords

• sensory processing
• Defecation disorders
• Child
• Surveys and questionnaires

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