Research Article
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Influence of Parental Factors on Self-Esteem of Adolescents from Separated Homes in Nigeria

Year 2020, Volume: 22 Issue: 3, 653 - 667, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.649781

Abstract

Parents play a fundamental role in the
upbringing of healthy and well balanced children. Sometimes these individuals
whose union has bring into existence these youngsters are separated by divorce,
work, death, abandonment among others leading the children to live with only a
parent or guardian. This inquiry explores how the self-worth of in-school
adolescents from separated families is impacted by the degree of parent
education, the basis of separation and their custodians.  The researcher utilised the descriptive
survey design. Simple random sampling technique was utilised to select two
schools each from Ilorin, East, South and West LGAs respectively, making 6
schools all together. Three hundred respondents from separated families were purposively
selected through consultation with school counsellors. The instrument used is
an adapted form of Rosenberg measure of self-worth, which was validated and
tested for consistency yielding co-efficient of 0.67. The study considered the flexibility
of the self-worth of the in-school adolescents from separated families. Data amassed
were subjected to analyses employing the Analysis of Variance. The outcomes of
the inquiry revealed that the self-worth of the adolescents from separated
families was undesirably affected particularly where their parents lack formal
education. Similarly, the self-worth of respondents from parents whose unions
have been legally dissolved was far worse. School
counsellors should
identify in-school adolescents from separated families particularly those from
parents with no formal education and those from divorced parents and develop
intervention strategies to assist them develop healthy and high self-worth.
Also, counsellors should focus on refining the quality of parenting among
single parents to help them lift the self-worth of their children/wards.

References

  • Adoyi, A. (Jan., 29th 2020) Nigeria Newspapers: 10 things you need to know this Wednesday morning. https://dailypost.ng/2020/01/20/Nigerian-newspapers-10-things
  • Alege, A. S. (July, 3rd 2018). Group laments rising number of orphans in Nigeria. Retrieved from https://thenationonlineng.net>group-laments-rising-number-of-orphans-in-nigeria/
  • Amato, P. R & Gilbreth, J. G. (1999). Non-resident fathers and children’s well-being: A meta-analysis. Journal of Marriage and Family. 61, 557-573
  • Amato, P. R (2000).The consequences of divorce for adults and children. Journal of Marriage and Family. 62, 1269-1287.
  • Amato, P. R. (2010) Research on divorce: Continuing trends and new development. Journal of Marriage and Family 72 (3), 650-666
  • Amato, R. R. & Anthony, C. J. (2014). Estimating the effect of parental divorce and death with fixed effects models. Journal of Marriage and Family 76(2), 370–386. http://cbi.nlm.nih.govpmc/articles/PMC3956656/
  • American Psychological Association (2010). Publication manual 6th (Ed). Washington: American Psychological Association.
  • Bellis, M. A, Ashton, K., Hughes, K., Ford, K., Bishop, J. & Paranjothy, S. (2015). Adverse childhood experiences and their impact on health-harming behaviours in the Welsh adult population. Cardiff: Public Health Wales
  • Bergström, M., Fransson, E., Hjern, A., Köhler, L., & Wallby, T. (2014). Mental health in Swedish children living in joint physical custody and their parents’ life satisfaction: A cross‐sectional study. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 55(5), 433–439. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4282795/
  • Bernardi, F & Radl, J. (2014). The long-term consequences of parental divorce for children’s educational attainment. Demographic Research 30 (61), 1653-1680 Retrieved on June 18th 2017 from https://www.demographic-research.org/volumes/vol30/61/default.htm
  • Brand, J. E., Moore, R., Song, X., & Xie, Y. (2019). Parental divorce is not uniformly disruptive to children’s educational attainment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(15), 7266 - 7271. https://www.pnas.org/content/116/15/7266
  • Carlsund, A.; Eriksson, V. & Sellstrom, E. (2012). Shared physical custody after family split-up: Implications for health and well-being in Swedish schoolchildren. ACTA Peadiatrica 102(3), 318 – 323. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/apa.12110
  • Danese, A., & McEwen, B. S. (2012). Adverse childhood experiences, allostasis, allostatic load, and age-related disease. Physiology & Behavior, 106, 29-39. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.08.019 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21888923/
  • Doku, P. N., Dotse, J. E. & Mensah, K. A. (2015). Perceived social support disparities among children affected by HIV/AIDS in Ghana: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health, 15, 38. https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-015-1856-5
  • Durm, M.W., Giddens, A., & Blandenship, M. (1997). Parental marital status and self-esteem of boys and girls. Psychological Reports, 81, 125-126. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.1.125
  • Fransson, E. Hjern, A. & Bergstrom, M. (2018). What can we say regarding shared parenting arrangements for Swedish children? Journal of Divorce & Remarriage. Doi:10.1080/10502556. 2018..1454198.
  • Hetherington, E. M. B. & Kelly, J. (2002) For better or for worse: Divorce reconsidered. London: W. Norton & Company Iwunze-Ibiam, C. (April 4th, 2019). The rate of divorce in Nigeria. The Cable. http://thecable.ngthe-rate-of-divorce-in-nigeria
  • Kruk, E. (2018). Parental Alienation as a form of emotional child abuses: Current state of knowledge and future directions for research. Family Science Review, 22(4), 141 – 164.
  • Lester, S., Lorenc, T., Sutcliffe, K., Khatwa, M., Stansfield, C., Sowden, A & Thomas, J. (2019). What helps to support people affected by adverse childhood experiences? A review of evidence. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, UCL Institute of Education, University College London
  • Li, X., Chi, P., Sherr, L., Cluver, L., Stanton, B. (2015). Psychological Resilience among children affected by parental HIV/AIDS: A conceptual framework. Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine, 3(1): 217 - 235. doi:10.1080/21642850.2015.1068698
  • McCombes, S. (2020). Descriptive Research. Retrieved from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptiveresearch
  • McIntosh, J. E., & Smyth, B. (2012). Shared-time parenting and risk: An evidence based matrix. In K. Kuehnle & L. Drozd (Eds.), Parenting plan evaluations: Applied research for the family court (pp. 155–187). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Modi, K., Nayar-Akhtar, M., Ariely, s., & Gupta, D. (2016). Addressing challenges of transition from children’s home to independence: Udayan care’s udayanghars (Sunshine Children’s Homes) & Aftercare Programme. Scottish Journal of Residential Child Care, 15(1). 87 - 101. Retrieved from: https://www.celcis.org/files/7014/6054/8505/010.2016Vol15.1ModiAddressingChallenges.pdf
  • Mohanty, J., & Newhill, C. (2006). Adjustment of international adoptees: Implication for practice and a future research agenda. Children and youth service review, 28, 384-395. Retrieved from https://www.Sciencedirect.com/science?Ob=article URL&udi=B6V98=4GJM3CHI & _user
  • Mooney, A., Oliver, G & Smith, M (2009). Impact of family breakdown on children’s well-being: Evidence review. London: Department for children, school and families Musick, K. & Meier, A. (2020). Are both parents always better than one? Parental conflict and young adult wellbeing. Social Science Research 39:814 – 830
  • Mustapha, M. L. A. & Odediran, D. (2019). Impact of parental separation on the self-esteem of in-school adolescents in Nigeria. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 1281-1298
  • Naar-King, S., Outlaw, A & Green-Jones, M. (2009) Motivational interviewing by peer outreach workers: a pilot randomised clinical trial to retain adolescents and young adults in HIV care. AIDS Care 21, 868-873
  • Nielson, E. (2013a). Arab rappers are landing in jail for lyrics-kind of like American rappers. The Atlantic. Retrieved at https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2013/07/arab-rappers-are-landing-in-jail-for-lyrics-kind-of-like-american-rappers/277448
  • Obinna, C. (2019). Travails of children from broken homes. Vanguard News. Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/06/travails-of-children-from-broken-homes/
  • Okunniyi, O. N. (2004). The influence of family background on students’ introductory technology achievement of junior secondary school in Abeokuta South LGA of Ogun State. An unpublished M.ed thesis University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
  • Olafioye, O., Ojo, S & Bere, G. (2020) Boko Haram: Concerns over growing numbers of orphans in the North. Retrieved from https://www.sunnewsonline.com/boko-haram-concerns-over-growing-number-of-orphans-in-north/
  • Park, H. (2008). Effects of single parenthood on educational aspiration and student disengagement in Korea. Demographic Research 18 (13), 377-408
  • Pryor, J & Rodgers, B. (2001). Children in changing families. Oxford: Blackwell
  • Sahin, E., Barut, Y & Ersanli, E. (2013) Parental Education Level positively affect self-esteem of Turkish adolescents. Journal of Education and Practice 4(20), 87-97
  • Schick, A. (2002) Behavioural and emotional differences between children of divorce and children from intact families: clinical significance and mediating processes. Swiss Journal of Psychology 61, 5-14 Retrieved from http://www.econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/pdf/10.1024//1421-0185.61.1.5
  • Schultz, G. (2006) Broken family structure leads to educational difficulties for children. Journal of Educational Psychology. 27, 70-80
  • Siyad, B. R. & Muneer, P. (2016). Comparison of self-esteem of orphans with parental care children. International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education 1(1) 108-110
  • Staticssolutions (2020). Statistical Analysis-Statistics Solutions. A manual on dissertation and thesis statistics on SPSS. Retrieved from www.statisticssolutions.com>wp. content.upload.
  • Thomson, E & Mclanahan, S (2012). Reflections on “Family structure and child well-being: economic resources vs parental socialisation”. Retrieved from https://www.reserchgate.net>publication. Social Forces, 91(1):45 – 53.
  • Ugwuja, O. G. (2010). Influence of family background on the academic achievement of senior secondary school students in Nsukka Educational Zone of Enugu State. A master’s Dissertation submitted to University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. Retrieved from www.unn.edu.ng
  • Walper, S & Wendt, E (2005) NichtmitbeidenElternaifwachsen-einRisiko? Kinder von Alleinerziehendenstieffamihen.In Alt, C (Ed.) Kinderleben- Auf wachsenzwischenfamilie, Freunden und institutionen.BandAufwachsen in familien. Wiesbaden: vsverlag fur sozialwissenschaften. DJIDeutschesjugend-institut 187-216
  • Walper, S., (2015). Adolescents’ relationships with mother and father and their links to the quality of romantic relationships: A classification approach. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 12(5), 516 - 532.
  • Walper, S., Thonnissen, C & Alt, P. (2015) Effects of family structure and the experience of parental separation. A study on adolescents well-being. Comparative Population Studies. 40(3), 335-364
  • Warshak, R. A. (2014). Social science and parenting plans for young children: A consensus report. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 20(1), 46-67
  • Wendt, E & Walper, S (2007).EntwicklungSverlaufe von kindern in Ein-Elter-und Stieffamilien. In Alt, C (Ed.) Kinderleben-Start in die Grundschule Band 3: Ergebnisseaus der zweitenwelle. Wiesbaden:vsverlag fur Sozialwissen-Schaften 211-242
  • Wise, S. (2003). Family structure, child outcomes and environmental mediators: An overview of the development in diverse families study. Research paper No. 30. Melbourne: Australian institute of family studies.

Ebeveyn Faktörünün Nijerya'daki Ayrı Evlerden Gelen Ergenlerin Benlik Saygısına Etkisi

Year 2020, Volume: 22 Issue: 3, 653 - 667, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.649781

Abstract

Ailenin parçalanması çocukların ve ergenlerin öz-saygısını olumsuz yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, çocuklar ve ergenler, kişisel özellikler veya ebeveyn faktörleri nedeniyle ailenin ayrılmasına farklı tepki verirler. Bu araştırma, ebeveyn faktörlerinin aile ayrılığının, ayrılan ailelerden okula giden ergenlerin öz-saygısı üzerindeki etkisini nasıl etkilediğini araştırmaktadır. Ayrıca, bu çalışma Nijerya'da ebeveynlerin ayrılmasının okul içi ergenlerin benlik saygıları üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyen Mustapha ve Odediran (2019) tarafından yapılan araştırmanın bir uzantısıdır. Katılımcılar, 10-20 yaşları arasında okula giden ergenlerdir, çoğunluğu kadın (165; %55) ve büyük ölçüde devlet okullarından (200; %66) gelen bireylerdir. Elde edilen veriler varyans analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Ergenlerin ayrılık ve koruma dönemi, ayrılığın yanıtlayıcıların öz-saygıları üzerindeki etkileri vardır (ρ<0.05). Ancak, ayrılığın nedeni, koruyucu ve annenin eğitim düzeyi etkileşim etkileriyle ilişkilidir. Bu etkide, ergenlerin annelerinin ilkokul ve üniversite eğitimi olması diğer değişkinlere göre önemli ölçüde farklılaşma göstermektedir. Bulgular, incelenen ebeveyn faktörlerinin çoğu, ayrılığın ergenlerin öz-saygıları üzerinde etkisini iyileştiremediğinden, aile istikrarını destekleyen faktörlere odaklanılması gerektiğini söylemektedir. Danışmanlar, ebeveyn özelliklerinden bağımsız olarak bu ergenlerin öz-saygılarını geliştirmelerine yardımcı olmalıdır ve öğrencilerin düşük öz-saygılarının geliştirilmesi için uygun başetme stratejilerin farkında olmalıdır.

References

  • Adoyi, A. (Jan., 29th 2020) Nigeria Newspapers: 10 things you need to know this Wednesday morning. https://dailypost.ng/2020/01/20/Nigerian-newspapers-10-things
  • Alege, A. S. (July, 3rd 2018). Group laments rising number of orphans in Nigeria. Retrieved from https://thenationonlineng.net>group-laments-rising-number-of-orphans-in-nigeria/
  • Amato, P. R & Gilbreth, J. G. (1999). Non-resident fathers and children’s well-being: A meta-analysis. Journal of Marriage and Family. 61, 557-573
  • Amato, P. R (2000).The consequences of divorce for adults and children. Journal of Marriage and Family. 62, 1269-1287.
  • Amato, P. R. (2010) Research on divorce: Continuing trends and new development. Journal of Marriage and Family 72 (3), 650-666
  • Amato, R. R. & Anthony, C. J. (2014). Estimating the effect of parental divorce and death with fixed effects models. Journal of Marriage and Family 76(2), 370–386. http://cbi.nlm.nih.govpmc/articles/PMC3956656/
  • American Psychological Association (2010). Publication manual 6th (Ed). Washington: American Psychological Association.
  • Bellis, M. A, Ashton, K., Hughes, K., Ford, K., Bishop, J. & Paranjothy, S. (2015). Adverse childhood experiences and their impact on health-harming behaviours in the Welsh adult population. Cardiff: Public Health Wales
  • Bergström, M., Fransson, E., Hjern, A., Köhler, L., & Wallby, T. (2014). Mental health in Swedish children living in joint physical custody and their parents’ life satisfaction: A cross‐sectional study. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 55(5), 433–439. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4282795/
  • Bernardi, F & Radl, J. (2014). The long-term consequences of parental divorce for children’s educational attainment. Demographic Research 30 (61), 1653-1680 Retrieved on June 18th 2017 from https://www.demographic-research.org/volumes/vol30/61/default.htm
  • Brand, J. E., Moore, R., Song, X., & Xie, Y. (2019). Parental divorce is not uniformly disruptive to children’s educational attainment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(15), 7266 - 7271. https://www.pnas.org/content/116/15/7266
  • Carlsund, A.; Eriksson, V. & Sellstrom, E. (2012). Shared physical custody after family split-up: Implications for health and well-being in Swedish schoolchildren. ACTA Peadiatrica 102(3), 318 – 323. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/apa.12110
  • Danese, A., & McEwen, B. S. (2012). Adverse childhood experiences, allostasis, allostatic load, and age-related disease. Physiology & Behavior, 106, 29-39. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.08.019 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21888923/
  • Doku, P. N., Dotse, J. E. & Mensah, K. A. (2015). Perceived social support disparities among children affected by HIV/AIDS in Ghana: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health, 15, 38. https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-015-1856-5
  • Durm, M.W., Giddens, A., & Blandenship, M. (1997). Parental marital status and self-esteem of boys and girls. Psychological Reports, 81, 125-126. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.1.125
  • Fransson, E. Hjern, A. & Bergstrom, M. (2018). What can we say regarding shared parenting arrangements for Swedish children? Journal of Divorce & Remarriage. Doi:10.1080/10502556. 2018..1454198.
  • Hetherington, E. M. B. & Kelly, J. (2002) For better or for worse: Divorce reconsidered. London: W. Norton & Company Iwunze-Ibiam, C. (April 4th, 2019). The rate of divorce in Nigeria. The Cable. http://thecable.ngthe-rate-of-divorce-in-nigeria
  • Kruk, E. (2018). Parental Alienation as a form of emotional child abuses: Current state of knowledge and future directions for research. Family Science Review, 22(4), 141 – 164.
  • Lester, S., Lorenc, T., Sutcliffe, K., Khatwa, M., Stansfield, C., Sowden, A & Thomas, J. (2019). What helps to support people affected by adverse childhood experiences? A review of evidence. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, UCL Institute of Education, University College London
  • Li, X., Chi, P., Sherr, L., Cluver, L., Stanton, B. (2015). Psychological Resilience among children affected by parental HIV/AIDS: A conceptual framework. Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine, 3(1): 217 - 235. doi:10.1080/21642850.2015.1068698
  • McCombes, S. (2020). Descriptive Research. Retrieved from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptiveresearch
  • McIntosh, J. E., & Smyth, B. (2012). Shared-time parenting and risk: An evidence based matrix. In K. Kuehnle & L. Drozd (Eds.), Parenting plan evaluations: Applied research for the family court (pp. 155–187). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Modi, K., Nayar-Akhtar, M., Ariely, s., & Gupta, D. (2016). Addressing challenges of transition from children’s home to independence: Udayan care’s udayanghars (Sunshine Children’s Homes) & Aftercare Programme. Scottish Journal of Residential Child Care, 15(1). 87 - 101. Retrieved from: https://www.celcis.org/files/7014/6054/8505/010.2016Vol15.1ModiAddressingChallenges.pdf
  • Mohanty, J., & Newhill, C. (2006). Adjustment of international adoptees: Implication for practice and a future research agenda. Children and youth service review, 28, 384-395. Retrieved from https://www.Sciencedirect.com/science?Ob=article URL&udi=B6V98=4GJM3CHI & _user
  • Mooney, A., Oliver, G & Smith, M (2009). Impact of family breakdown on children’s well-being: Evidence review. London: Department for children, school and families Musick, K. & Meier, A. (2020). Are both parents always better than one? Parental conflict and young adult wellbeing. Social Science Research 39:814 – 830
  • Mustapha, M. L. A. & Odediran, D. (2019). Impact of parental separation on the self-esteem of in-school adolescents in Nigeria. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 1281-1298
  • Naar-King, S., Outlaw, A & Green-Jones, M. (2009) Motivational interviewing by peer outreach workers: a pilot randomised clinical trial to retain adolescents and young adults in HIV care. AIDS Care 21, 868-873
  • Nielson, E. (2013a). Arab rappers are landing in jail for lyrics-kind of like American rappers. The Atlantic. Retrieved at https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2013/07/arab-rappers-are-landing-in-jail-for-lyrics-kind-of-like-american-rappers/277448
  • Obinna, C. (2019). Travails of children from broken homes. Vanguard News. Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/06/travails-of-children-from-broken-homes/
  • Okunniyi, O. N. (2004). The influence of family background on students’ introductory technology achievement of junior secondary school in Abeokuta South LGA of Ogun State. An unpublished M.ed thesis University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
  • Olafioye, O., Ojo, S & Bere, G. (2020) Boko Haram: Concerns over growing numbers of orphans in the North. Retrieved from https://www.sunnewsonline.com/boko-haram-concerns-over-growing-number-of-orphans-in-north/
  • Park, H. (2008). Effects of single parenthood on educational aspiration and student disengagement in Korea. Demographic Research 18 (13), 377-408
  • Pryor, J & Rodgers, B. (2001). Children in changing families. Oxford: Blackwell
  • Sahin, E., Barut, Y & Ersanli, E. (2013) Parental Education Level positively affect self-esteem of Turkish adolescents. Journal of Education and Practice 4(20), 87-97
  • Schick, A. (2002) Behavioural and emotional differences between children of divorce and children from intact families: clinical significance and mediating processes. Swiss Journal of Psychology 61, 5-14 Retrieved from http://www.econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/pdf/10.1024//1421-0185.61.1.5
  • Schultz, G. (2006) Broken family structure leads to educational difficulties for children. Journal of Educational Psychology. 27, 70-80
  • Siyad, B. R. & Muneer, P. (2016). Comparison of self-esteem of orphans with parental care children. International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education 1(1) 108-110
  • Staticssolutions (2020). Statistical Analysis-Statistics Solutions. A manual on dissertation and thesis statistics on SPSS. Retrieved from www.statisticssolutions.com>wp. content.upload.
  • Thomson, E & Mclanahan, S (2012). Reflections on “Family structure and child well-being: economic resources vs parental socialisation”. Retrieved from https://www.reserchgate.net>publication. Social Forces, 91(1):45 – 53.
  • Ugwuja, O. G. (2010). Influence of family background on the academic achievement of senior secondary school students in Nsukka Educational Zone of Enugu State. A master’s Dissertation submitted to University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. Retrieved from www.unn.edu.ng
  • Walper, S & Wendt, E (2005) NichtmitbeidenElternaifwachsen-einRisiko? Kinder von Alleinerziehendenstieffamihen.In Alt, C (Ed.) Kinderleben- Auf wachsenzwischenfamilie, Freunden und institutionen.BandAufwachsen in familien. Wiesbaden: vsverlag fur sozialwissenschaften. DJIDeutschesjugend-institut 187-216
  • Walper, S., (2015). Adolescents’ relationships with mother and father and their links to the quality of romantic relationships: A classification approach. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 12(5), 516 - 532.
  • Walper, S., Thonnissen, C & Alt, P. (2015) Effects of family structure and the experience of parental separation. A study on adolescents well-being. Comparative Population Studies. 40(3), 335-364
  • Warshak, R. A. (2014). Social science and parenting plans for young children: A consensus report. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 20(1), 46-67
  • Wendt, E & Walper, S (2007).EntwicklungSverlaufe von kindern in Ein-Elter-und Stieffamilien. In Alt, C (Ed.) Kinderleben-Start in die Grundschule Band 3: Ergebnisseaus der zweitenwelle. Wiesbaden:vsverlag fur Sozialwissen-Schaften 211-242
  • Wise, S. (2003). Family structure, child outcomes and environmental mediators: An overview of the development in diverse families study. Research paper No. 30. Melbourne: Australian institute of family studies.
There are 46 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mulikat Mustapha 0000-0001-6756-1038

Deborah Odedıran This is me 0000-0001-6756-1038

Publication Date December 31, 2020
Acceptance Date September 18, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 22 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Mustapha, M., & Odedıran, D. (2020). Influence of Parental Factors on Self-Esteem of Adolescents from Separated Homes in Nigeria. Erzincan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(3), 653-667. https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.649781