Research Article

Chemical Mapping of Graphene-Based Material with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

Volume: 12 Number: 2 August 31, 2019
TR EN

Chemical Mapping of Graphene-Based Material with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

Abstract

XPS has been extensively used to characterize the surface chemistry of materials. It plays a unique role in giving access to qualitative, semi-quantitative/quantitative information as well as speciation and the presence of chemical functional groups on the surface of any material. PCA is the analysis of variability in a particular set of data. The first principal component accounts for as much of the variability in the data as possible and has the largest eigenvalue. Large image data sets obtained by XPS can be analyzed using PCA in order to extract the most significant information. The goal of PCA in an area scan of XPS is to find images which are correlated or anti-correlated. Images are acquired as a function of binding energy in an images-to-spectra experiment. Small area spectra can be obtained from any part of the sample by plotting image pixel intensity for a single pixel or a group of pixels versus binding energy. In the present study, the graphene-based material was synthesized via oxidation of graphite by Brodie Method. Then, chemical mapping has been produced with PCA on the basis of spectral information. For this purpose, XPS area scan has been performed and then the data sets were subjected to PCA in order to present the compositional inhomogeneities on the surface of synthesized graphene-based material.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Engineering

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

August 31, 2019

Submission Date

November 29, 2018

Acceptance Date

July 11, 2019

Published in Issue

Year 2019 Volume: 12 Number: 2

APA
Erdoğan, A., Aktürk, M., & Dursun, Z. (2019). Chemical Mapping of Graphene-Based Material with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology, 12(2), 820-832. https://izlik.org/JA83RZ74RS
AMA
1.Erdoğan A, Aktürk M, Dursun Z. Chemical Mapping of Graphene-Based Material with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology. 2019;12(2):820-832. https://izlik.org/JA83RZ74RS
Chicago
Erdoğan, Ayşegül, Merve Aktürk, and Zekerya Dursun. 2019. “Chemical Mapping of Graphene-Based Material With X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA)”. Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology 12 (2): 820-32. https://izlik.org/JA83RZ74RS.
EndNote
Erdoğan A, Aktürk M, Dursun Z (August 1, 2019) Chemical Mapping of Graphene-Based Material with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology 12 2 820–832.
IEEE
[1]A. Erdoğan, M. Aktürk, and Z. Dursun, “Chemical Mapping of Graphene-Based Material with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA)”, Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 820–832, Aug. 2019, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA83RZ74RS
ISNAD
Erdoğan, Ayşegül - Aktürk, Merve - Dursun, Zekerya. “Chemical Mapping of Graphene-Based Material With X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA)”. Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology 12/2 (August 1, 2019): 820-832. https://izlik.org/JA83RZ74RS.
JAMA
1.Erdoğan A, Aktürk M, Dursun Z. Chemical Mapping of Graphene-Based Material with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology. 2019;12:820–832.
MLA
Erdoğan, Ayşegül, et al. “Chemical Mapping of Graphene-Based Material With X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA)”. Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 12, no. 2, Aug. 2019, pp. 820-32, https://izlik.org/JA83RZ74RS.
Vancouver
1.Ayşegül Erdoğan, Merve Aktürk, Zekerya Dursun. Chemical Mapping of Graphene-Based Material with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Erzincan University Journal of Science and Technology [Internet]. 2019 Aug. 1;12(2):820-32. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA83RZ74RS