Sun Drying of Cornelian Cherry Fruits (Cornus mas L.)

Year 2017, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 68 - 77, 28.06.2017

Ayşe Vildan Beşe , Bilgehan Polatoğlu

Abstract

In this study, the sun drying behavior of cornelian cherry fruits was investigated. The drying rate curve of cornelian
cherry was shown that the drying process took place in the falling rate period.
Twelve thin-layer mathematical models were used for explaining the thin
layer drying kinetics of cornelian cherry. 
The approximation of diffusion model was found to
be the most appropriate model for the process. 
The Fick’s diffusion model was used to calculate the effective moisture
diffusion coefficients (D_eff)
of cornelian cherry. The value of D_eff
was obtained as 1.20x10^-11
m²/s. The vitamin C degradation of dried
cornelian cherry was determined as about 51.1%.

Keywords

: Cornelian cherry, Drying kinetics, Modeling, Effective diffusivity, Vitamin C

Sun Drying of Cornelian Cherry Fruits (Cornus mas L.)

Abstract

Bu
çalışmada, kızılcık meyvesinin güneşte kuruma davranışı incelenmiştir.
Kızılcığın kuruma hız eğrisi, kuruma işleminin azalan hız periyodunda
gerçekleştiğini göstermiştir. Kızılcığın ince tabaka kuruma davranışını
açıklamak için on iki ince tabaka matematik modeli kullanılmıştır. Difüzyon
yaklaşım modelinin işlem için en uygun model olduğu belirlenmiştir.  Kızılcığın etkin nem difüzyon katsayısını (D_eff) hesaplamak için Fick’in
difüzyon modeli kullanılmıştır. D_eff
’in değeri 1.20x10^-11 m²/s olarak
hesaplanmıştır. Kurutulan kızılcığın C vitamin bozulması yaklaşık % 51.1 olarak
belirlenmiştir. 

Keywords

Kızılcık, Kuruma kinetiği, Modelleme, Etkin yayılma, C vitamini

References

• Aral, S. and Beşe, A.V. 2016. Convective Drying of hawthorn fruit (Crataegus spp.): effect of experimental parameters on drying kinetics, color, shrinkage, and rehydration capacity. Food Chemistry, 210, 577-584.
• Arslan, D. and Özcan, M.M. 2010. Study the effect of sun, oven and microwave drying on quality of onion slices. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 43(7), 1121–1127.
• Chong, C.H., Law, C.L, Cloke, M., Abdullah, L.C., Daud, R.W. 2009. Drying models and quality analysis of sun dried ciku. Drying Technology, 27, 985-992.
• Cindrić, I.J., Zeiner, M., Krpetić, M., Stingeder, G. 2012. ICP-AES determination of minor and major elements in Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) after microwave assisted digestion. Microchemical Journal, 105, 72-76.
• Costa, A. and Pereira, H. 2013. Drying kinetics of cork planks in a cork pile in the field. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 91(1), 14-22.
• Crank, J. 1975. The Mathematics of diffusion, 2nd Ed., Oxford, Clarendon Press, Oxford, London.
• Dinda, B., Kyriakopoulos, A.M., Dinda, S., Zoumpourlis, V., Thomaidis, N.S., Velegraki, A., Markopoulos, C., Dinda, M. 2016. Cornus mas L. (cornelian cherry), an important European and Asian traditional food and medicine: Ethnomedicine, phytochemistry and pharmacology for its commercial utilization in drug industry. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 193, 670-690.
• Doymaz, I. 2004. Pretreatment effect on sun drying of mulberry fruits (Morus alba L). Journal of Food Engineering, 65(2), 205–209.
• Doymaz, I. 2005. Sun drying of figs: an experimental study. Journal of Food Engineering, 71(4), 403–407.
• Doymaz, I. 2011. Drying of green bean and okra under solar energy. Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly, 17(2), 199−205.
• Doymaz, I. 2012. Sun drying of seedless and seeded grapes. Journal of Food Science Technology, 49(2), 214-220.
• Evin, D. 2012. Thin layer drying kinetics of Gundelia tournefortii L. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 90, 323-332.
• Jagota, S.K. and Dani, H.M. 1982. A new colorimetric technique for the estimation of vitamin C using Folin phenol reagent. Analytical Biochemistry, 127, 178-182.
• Kuçuk, H., Midilli, A., Kiliç, A., Dinçer, I. 2014. A Review on thin-layer drying-curve equations. Drying Technology, 32, 757-773.
• Olanipekun, B.F., Tunde-Akintunde, T.Y., Oyelade, O.J., Adebisi, M.G., Adenaya, T.A. 2015. Mathematical modeling of thin-layer pineapple drying. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 39, 1431-1441.
• Sacılık, K., Keskin, R., Elicin, A.K. 2006. Mathematical modeling of solar tunnel drying of thin layer organic tomato. Journal of Food Engineering, 73(3), 231-238.
• Sahdev, R.K. and Kumar, S.M. 2013. An experimental study on open sun drying of corn kernels. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), ISSN: 2278-0181, www.ijert.org.
• Sahdev, R.K. 2014. Open sun and greenhouse drying of agricultural and food products: a review. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 3(3), 1053-1066.
• Sobukola, O.P., Dairo, O.U., Sanni, L.O., Odunevu, A.V., Fafiolu, B.O. 2007. Thin layer drying process of some leafy vegetables under open sun. Food Science and Technology International, 13(1), 35-40.
• Togrul, I.T. 2005. Convective heat transfer coefficient of apricots under open sun drying conditions. Chemical Engineering Communications, 192(8), 1036-1045.
• Yaldız, O. and Ertekin, C. 2007. Thin- layer solar drying of some vegetables. Drying Technology, 19 (3-4), 583-597.