Rasyonel Toplum ve Adalet Sorunu

Year 2018, Issue: 36, 19 - 36, 30.05.2018

Muhammet Özdemir

Abstract

Bu çalışma, toplumsal iyi niyet ile gerçek adalet
arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir.  Söz
konusu iyi niyetin nesnesi önce toplum, sonra devlettir. Toplum ve devlet
birbirini zorunlu olarak içeren iki temel olgu ve kavramdır. Çağdaş İslâm
toplumlarında nesnesi doğru seçilmiş iyi niyetin eksikliği söz konusudur. Bu
vakıa, Ortadoğu’da, şartları dün- yevi ve maddi bir adaletin tesisini
zorlaştırmaktadır. Çünkü adalet, kurallı ve geçerli bir toplumsal düzene
tekabül etmektedir. Bu bağlamda Osmanlı Devlet’inde mevcut olan adalet dairesi
kavramı ile Kıta Avrupası menşeli çağdaş sosyal adalet teorileri ve Ameri- ka
Birleşik Devletleri menşeli çağdaş liberal felsefi adalet kuramlarının
eş-işlevli olduğu saptanmaktadır. Bu meyanda adalet dairesini işleyen
mütefekkirler ile sözgelimi Hannah Arendt, Jürgen Habermas, John Rawls, Bernard
Williams ve Ronald Dworkin gibi çağ- daş düşünürler aynı toplumsal hakikati
dile getirmektedirler. Düzen fikri olmaksızın ger- çek adalete erişmek mümkün
değildir. Ortadoğu’da yaşayanlar glokalizasyon süreçleri nedeniyle bu toplumsal
hakikate uzak görünmektedirler.

Keywords

Siyaset felsefesi, toplumsal rasyonalite, adalet, Ortadoğu, toplumsal iyi niyet

The Rational Society and the Problem of Justice

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between social
goodwill and real justice. The object of this goodwill is firstly the society
and then the state. Society and the state are two essential facts and concepts
that necessarily contain each other. In modern Islamic societies, it is felt a
lack of the situation which the object of goodwill is correctly selected. This
fact makes it difficult for the Middle East to establish the justice which has
temporal and material conditions. Because the justice is a social order  which contain norm and validity. In this
context, it is confirmed that the term of “Circle of Justice” in Ottoman Empire
and contemporary theories of which contain the social justice theory originated from Continental Europe and the liberal philosophical justice theory originated from United States of America are
co-functional. Within this scope, the philosophers who studied about the circle
of justice and some contemporary philosophers of politics such as Hannah Arendt
and Jurgen Habermas and John Rawls and Bernard Williams and Ronald Dworkin have
expressed the same social truth. Without the idea of an order, it is impossible
to gain the real justice. Those who have been living in the Middle East seem to
be distant from this social truth because of the process of the glocalization.

Keywords

Political philosophy, social rationality, justice, Middle East, social goodwill

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