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Ahlat Selçuklu Meydan Mezarlığı’nda Ziyaretçi Deneyiminin Çevrimiçi Yorumlar Üzerinden Tematik Analizi

Year 2026, Volume: 25 Issue: 2 , 366 - 379 , 30.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1864549
https://izlik.org/JA68RJ86UP

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Ahlat Selçuklu Meydan Mezarlığı’na ilişkin çevrimiçi ziyaretçi yorumlarını inceleyerek ziyaretçi deneyiminin hangi boyutlar etrafında şekillendiğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Kültürel miras alanlarında ziyaretçi algısının, alanın sürdürülebilir yönetimi açısından önemli bir geri bildirim kaynağı olduğu varsayımından hareketle, çalışma çevrimiçi platformlarda üretilen ziyaretçi görüşlerine odaklanmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında, Google Haritalar platformunda 2020–2024 yılları arasında paylaşılan 500 Türkçe ziyaretçi yorumu nitel araştırma yaklaşımı çerçevesinde tematik analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde Braun ve Clarke’ın tematik analiz süreci izlenmiş; yorumlar sistematik biçimde kodlanarak anlamlı temalar altında sınıflandırılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda ziyaretçi değerlendirmelerinin Tarihi Doku, Estetik ve Mimari, Çevre Temizliği, Ulaşım ve Altyapı ile Rehberlik Hizmetleri olmak üzere beş ana tema etrafında toplandığı belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, ziyaretçilerin mezarlığı öncelikle tarihsel anlamı ve estetik değerleri üzerinden değerlendirdiklerini ve bu unsurların ziyaretçi deneyiminin merkezinde yer aldığını göstermektedir. Buna karşılık, ulaşım ve altyapı olanakları ile rehberlik hizmetlerine ilişkin değerlendirmeler çoğunlukla eleştirel nitelikte olup, bu unsurlar ziyaretçi deneyimini sınırlayan faktörler olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Çevre temizliği ve alan düzenine ilişkin olumlu geri bildirimler ise alan yönetiminin temel hizmet standartlarını büyük ölçüde karşıladığını ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, çevrimiçi ziyaretçi yorumlarının kültürel miras alanlarının değerlendirilmesi ve yönetimi açısından işlevsel bir veri kaynağı sunduğunu göstermektedir. Elde edilen bulguların, ziyaretçi memnuniyetinin artırılmasına ve kültürel miras alanlarının sürdürülebilir yönetimine yönelik planlama ve uygulamalara katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

References

  • Ağbay, N. C. (2022). Research on the experiences of tourists visiting Ahlat Seljuk Square Cemetery. In International Travel and Tourism Dynamics: Restructuring Tourism for Tomorrow (pp. 38–45). Ankara: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University.
  • Arslan, C. (2018). Ahlat şehri kent dokusu ve eski eserleri. Kare, (5), 1-21.
  • Ateş, A., & Sunar, H. (2019). İvriz kültürel peyzajı alanının çevrimiçi ziyaretçi yorumları ile analizi: Google haritalar örneği. Ereğli International Science and Academic, 1, 335-339.
  • Aydın, B. (2016). Restaurant image on social media: The case of TripAdvisor. Interdisciplinary Academic Journal of Tourism, 1(1), 13–30.
  • Başaran, T., & Somuncu, M. (2021). The importance of visitor opinions for sustainable destinations: The case of the Ancient City of Assos. Journal of Environmental Sciences, Ankara University, 8(2), 31–45.
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Brandano, M. G., Conti, C., Modica, M., & Urso, G. (2025). Mapping cultural heritage sites at risk: A support tool for heritage sites management. Journal of Urban Management. 14,(3), 690-699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.007.
  • Buhalis, D., & Foerste, M. (2015). SoCoMo marketing for travel and tourism: Empowering co creation of value. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 4(3), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2015.04.001
  • Deniz, G. B. (2022). Kültürel mirasın korunması için sürdürülebilir miras yönetimi: Türkiye örneği. Kent Akademisi, 15(3), 1204-1222.
  • Dümcke, C., & Gnedovsky, M. (2013). The social and economic value of cultural heritage: A literature review. EENC Paper, 1, 101–114.
  • Eklemezler, S., & Adiloğlu, S. (2022). Evaluation of current use practices and visitor opinions of the Bursa Hans in the context of sustaining cultural heritage. Dumlupınar University Journal of Social Sciences, 71, 128–143.
  • Gretzel, U. (2006). Consumer generated content: Trends and implications for branding. e Review of Tourism Research, 4(3), 9–11.
  • Göktüğ, T. H., & Kurkut, G. (2015). Sustainable visitor management in protected areas: An examination of strategies and tools. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry, Bartın University, 17(2), 1–10.
  • Halaç, H. H., Ulaş, E., & Karaçor, F. (2020). Çatalhöyük Neolithic City in online visitor reviews. Journal of the Institute of Social Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, 11(3), 1506–1520. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.895902
  • Hu, H. (2025). Spatial synergy between cultural heritage and metro networks: a case study of distribution patterns and value assessment in beijing. Sustainability, 17(4), 1666.
  • Jia, X., Xu, Y., Zhao, B., Li, H., Li, L., & Zhang, J. (2025). Sustainable tourism at nature-based cultural heritage sites: visitor density and its influencing factors. npj Heritage Science, 13(1), 175.
  • Kodaş, D. (2024). Nevşehir kentindeki Kapadokya mağara otellerine yönelik hatırlanabilir misafir deneyimlerinin incelenmesi. Kent Akademisi, 17(6), 2103-2114.
  • Kodaş, B. (2025). Netnografik bakış açısıyla hatırlanabilir yerel kahvaltı deneyim bileşenlerinin belirlenmesi. Tourism and Recreation, 7(1), 174-183.
  • Kunt, S. (2023). Reinterpreting cultural heritage in the age of digitalization. Cultural Heritage Studies, 4(2), 49–60.
  • Kuzu, S., & Sürme, M. (2023). Social media representations of Göbeklitepe: Content analysis of tourists’ negative online reviews. Journal of the Institute of Social Sciences, Balıkesir University, 26(49), 393–408.
  • Mendoza, M. A. D., De La Hoz Franco, E., & Gómez, J. E. G. (2023). Technologies for the preservation of cultural heritage—a systematic review of the literature. Sustainability, 15(2), 1059.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, M. (2002). The qualitative researcher’s companion. Sage.
  • Nguyen, T. H. H., Ağbay, N. C., & Çakar, K. (2024). Visitors' experiences of UNESCO world heritage site: evidence from Göbeklitepe, Türkiye. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 7(4), 2310-2327.
  • O’Donohoe, S. (2010) Netnography: Doing ethnographic research online. International Journal of Advertising, 29:2, 328-330, DOI: 10.2501/S026504871020118X
  • Okuyucu, A., & Somuncu, M. (2012). Identifying local residents’ perceptions and attitudes toward the conservation and tourism use of cultural heritage: The case of Osmaneli district center. Journal of Environmental Sciences, Ankara University, 4(1), 37–51.
  • Sarıışık, M., & Özbay, G. (2012). Electronic word of mouth communication and its applications in the tourism industry: A literature review. International Journal of Management Economics and Business, 8(16), 1–22.
  • Serçek, S. (2018). Turistlerin yerel yemek tüketimindeki motivasyon faktörlerinin incelenmesi (investigation of the motivational factors of local food consumption by tourists). Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 6(4), 463-481.
  • Sunar, H. (2021). An examination of online reviews: The case of Uzungöl. Çatalhöyük International Journal of Tourism and Social Research, 7, 46–55.
  • UNESCO. (2000). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (2000, 25 Şubat). The Tombstones of Ahlat the Urartian and Ottoman citadel. https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1401/
  • UNESCO, ICCROM, ICOMOS, & IUCN. (2022). Guidance and toolkit for impact assessments in a World Heritage context. UNESCO; ICCROM; ICOMOS; IUCN. https://whc.unesco.org/en/resourcemanuals/
  • Turkish Museums. (2024). Bitlis Ahlat Seljuk Cemetery. https://www.turkishmuseums.com/museum/detail/2004-bitlis-ahlat-selcuklu-mezarligi/2004/1
  • Ye, S., Shi, L., Wu, J., & Hyuk, G. (2025). Beyond the Tangible: Factors influencing memorable experiences in intangible culture heritage tourism in Wuxi, China. SAGE Open, 15(1), 21582440251319959.

A Thematic Analysis of Visitor Experience at the Ahlat Seljuk Cemetery Based on Online Reviews

Year 2026, Volume: 25 Issue: 2 , 366 - 379 , 30.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1864549
https://izlik.org/JA68RJ86UP

Abstract

This study examines online visitor reviews of the Ahlat Seljuk Cemetery to identify the main dimensions shaping the visitor experience. The study is based on the assumption that visitor perceptions in cultural heritage sites provide an important source of feedback for sustainable site management. Accordingly, it focuses on visitor opinions shared on online platforms. The dataset consists of 500 Turkish-language visitor reviews posted on Google Maps between 2020 and 2024. The data were analyzed using a qualitative research design and a thematic analysis approach. The analysis followed the thematic analysis procedure proposed by Braun and Clarke. Reviews were systematically coded and grouped under meaningful themes. The findings show that visitor evaluations cluster around five main themes: Historical Character, Aesthetic and Architectural Qualities, Environmental Cleanliness, Transportation and Infrastructure, and Guiding Services. The results indicate that visitors primarily assess the cemetery through its historical significance and aesthetic value, which form the core of the visitor experience. In contrast, comments on transportation, infrastructure, and guiding services are mostly critical, suggesting that these factors limit the overall experience. Positive feedback on environmental cleanliness and site order indicates that basic service standards are largely met by site management. Overall, the study demonstrates that online visitor reviews offer a functional data source for the evaluation and management of cultural heritage sites. The findings are expected to support planning and management practices aimed at improving visitor satisfaction and promoting the sustainable management of cultural heritage areas.

References

  • Ağbay, N. C. (2022). Research on the experiences of tourists visiting Ahlat Seljuk Square Cemetery. In International Travel and Tourism Dynamics: Restructuring Tourism for Tomorrow (pp. 38–45). Ankara: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University.
  • Arslan, C. (2018). Ahlat şehri kent dokusu ve eski eserleri. Kare, (5), 1-21.
  • Ateş, A., & Sunar, H. (2019). İvriz kültürel peyzajı alanının çevrimiçi ziyaretçi yorumları ile analizi: Google haritalar örneği. Ereğli International Science and Academic, 1, 335-339.
  • Aydın, B. (2016). Restaurant image on social media: The case of TripAdvisor. Interdisciplinary Academic Journal of Tourism, 1(1), 13–30.
  • Başaran, T., & Somuncu, M. (2021). The importance of visitor opinions for sustainable destinations: The case of the Ancient City of Assos. Journal of Environmental Sciences, Ankara University, 8(2), 31–45.
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Brandano, M. G., Conti, C., Modica, M., & Urso, G. (2025). Mapping cultural heritage sites at risk: A support tool for heritage sites management. Journal of Urban Management. 14,(3), 690-699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2025.01.007.
  • Buhalis, D., & Foerste, M. (2015). SoCoMo marketing for travel and tourism: Empowering co creation of value. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 4(3), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2015.04.001
  • Deniz, G. B. (2022). Kültürel mirasın korunması için sürdürülebilir miras yönetimi: Türkiye örneği. Kent Akademisi, 15(3), 1204-1222.
  • Dümcke, C., & Gnedovsky, M. (2013). The social and economic value of cultural heritage: A literature review. EENC Paper, 1, 101–114.
  • Eklemezler, S., & Adiloğlu, S. (2022). Evaluation of current use practices and visitor opinions of the Bursa Hans in the context of sustaining cultural heritage. Dumlupınar University Journal of Social Sciences, 71, 128–143.
  • Gretzel, U. (2006). Consumer generated content: Trends and implications for branding. e Review of Tourism Research, 4(3), 9–11.
  • Göktüğ, T. H., & Kurkut, G. (2015). Sustainable visitor management in protected areas: An examination of strategies and tools. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry, Bartın University, 17(2), 1–10.
  • Halaç, H. H., Ulaş, E., & Karaçor, F. (2020). Çatalhöyük Neolithic City in online visitor reviews. Journal of the Institute of Social Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, 11(3), 1506–1520. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.895902
  • Hu, H. (2025). Spatial synergy between cultural heritage and metro networks: a case study of distribution patterns and value assessment in beijing. Sustainability, 17(4), 1666.
  • Jia, X., Xu, Y., Zhao, B., Li, H., Li, L., & Zhang, J. (2025). Sustainable tourism at nature-based cultural heritage sites: visitor density and its influencing factors. npj Heritage Science, 13(1), 175.
  • Kodaş, D. (2024). Nevşehir kentindeki Kapadokya mağara otellerine yönelik hatırlanabilir misafir deneyimlerinin incelenmesi. Kent Akademisi, 17(6), 2103-2114.
  • Kodaş, B. (2025). Netnografik bakış açısıyla hatırlanabilir yerel kahvaltı deneyim bileşenlerinin belirlenmesi. Tourism and Recreation, 7(1), 174-183.
  • Kunt, S. (2023). Reinterpreting cultural heritage in the age of digitalization. Cultural Heritage Studies, 4(2), 49–60.
  • Kuzu, S., & Sürme, M. (2023). Social media representations of Göbeklitepe: Content analysis of tourists’ negative online reviews. Journal of the Institute of Social Sciences, Balıkesir University, 26(49), 393–408.
  • Mendoza, M. A. D., De La Hoz Franco, E., & Gómez, J. E. G. (2023). Technologies for the preservation of cultural heritage—a systematic review of the literature. Sustainability, 15(2), 1059.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, M. (2002). The qualitative researcher’s companion. Sage.
  • Nguyen, T. H. H., Ağbay, N. C., & Çakar, K. (2024). Visitors' experiences of UNESCO world heritage site: evidence from Göbeklitepe, Türkiye. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 7(4), 2310-2327.
  • O’Donohoe, S. (2010) Netnography: Doing ethnographic research online. International Journal of Advertising, 29:2, 328-330, DOI: 10.2501/S026504871020118X
  • Okuyucu, A., & Somuncu, M. (2012). Identifying local residents’ perceptions and attitudes toward the conservation and tourism use of cultural heritage: The case of Osmaneli district center. Journal of Environmental Sciences, Ankara University, 4(1), 37–51.
  • Sarıışık, M., & Özbay, G. (2012). Electronic word of mouth communication and its applications in the tourism industry: A literature review. International Journal of Management Economics and Business, 8(16), 1–22.
  • Serçek, S. (2018). Turistlerin yerel yemek tüketimindeki motivasyon faktörlerinin incelenmesi (investigation of the motivational factors of local food consumption by tourists). Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 6(4), 463-481.
  • Sunar, H. (2021). An examination of online reviews: The case of Uzungöl. Çatalhöyük International Journal of Tourism and Social Research, 7, 46–55.
  • UNESCO. (2000). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (2000, 25 Şubat). The Tombstones of Ahlat the Urartian and Ottoman citadel. https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1401/
  • UNESCO, ICCROM, ICOMOS, & IUCN. (2022). Guidance and toolkit for impact assessments in a World Heritage context. UNESCO; ICCROM; ICOMOS; IUCN. https://whc.unesco.org/en/resourcemanuals/
  • Turkish Museums. (2024). Bitlis Ahlat Seljuk Cemetery. https://www.turkishmuseums.com/museum/detail/2004-bitlis-ahlat-selcuklu-mezarligi/2004/1
  • Ye, S., Shi, L., Wu, J., & Hyuk, G. (2025). Beyond the Tangible: Factors influencing memorable experiences in intangible culture heritage tourism in Wuxi, China. SAGE Open, 15(1), 21582440251319959.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Osman Keskin 0000-0002-9354-2065

Gülseren Özaltaş Serçek 0000-0001-6552-4559

Submission Date January 15, 2026
Acceptance Date April 19, 2026
Publication Date April 30, 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1864549
IZ https://izlik.org/JA68RJ86UP
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 25 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Keskin, O., & Özaltaş Serçek, G. (2026). A Thematic Analysis of Visitor Experience at the Ahlat Seljuk Cemetery Based on Online Reviews. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 25(2), 366-379. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1864549