A THEORETICAL COMPARISON OF DEVELOPMENTAL STATE AND ENTREPRENEURIAL STATE: CATCH UP OR TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT
Year 2024,
Volume: 23 Issue: 91, 1257 - 1275, 25.07.2024
Volkan Süleyman Gürgen
Abstract
This paper presents a critical comparison of the developmental state and the entrepreneurial state, contributing to the existing literature by highlighting the advantages and necessity of an entrepreneurial state over a developmental state through the connection between public institutions and spinoffs. It is widely acknowledged that the state plays a significant role in the economy and development of both developed and emerging countries. While there is ongoing debate regarding the role of the state in the United States compared to Europe and Asia, it is important to recognize the hidden role of US public institutions in technological advancement and innovation. The paper begins by categorizing factors related to research, technology, and innovation into basic-applied research, technological innovations, and incremental innovations. Subsequently, the concepts of the entrepreneurial state and developmental state are defined in relation to technology, innovation, and competition. In the final section, a comparison is made between the entrepreneurial state and the developmental state, demonstrating that theoretically, the entrepreneurial state is essential and offers numerous advantages over the developmental state.
References
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- Arrow, K. (1962). Economic welfare and the allocation of resources for invention. In The rate and direction of inventive activity: Economic and social factors (pp. 609-626). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Block, F. (2008). Swimming against the current: The rise of a hidden developmental state in the United States. Politics & Society, 36(2), 169-206.
- Block, Fred L., and Matthew R. Keller., (2015). State of innovation: the US government's role in technology development. Abingdon: Routledge.
- “Bonvillian, William R. (2009). The Connected Science Model for Innovation: The DARPA Role. In Twenty-First Century Innovation Systems for Japan and the United States, edited by Committee on Comparative Innovation Policy, National Research Council. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.”
- Business Insider, (Aug 23, 2023). https://www.businessinsider.com/big-tech-salaries-what-you-make-google-apple-amazon-meta-ibm, Retrieved: 02.03.2024.
- Chinese Academy of Science, 2024. https://english.cas.cn/, Retrieved: 15.02.2024.
- Christensen, C. M. (1997). The innovator's dilemma: When new technologies cause great firms to fail. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
- Christensen, C. M., Baumann, H., Ruggles, R., & Sadtler, T. M. (2006). Disruptive innovation for social change. Harvard Business Review, 84(12), 94.
- Drucker, P. F. (2003). Geleceğin toplumunda yönetim, Çev. Mehmet Zaman. İstanbul: Hayat Yayın.
- Duckett, J. (2006). The entrepreneurial state in China: Real estate and commerce departments in reform era Tianjin. Abingdon: Routledge.
- Ebner, A. (2006). Institutions, entrepreneurship, and the rationale of government: An outline of the Schumpeterian theory of the state. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 59(4), 497-515.
- Ebner, A. (2007). Public policy, governance and innovation: entrepreneurial states in East Asian economic development. International Journal of Technology and Globalisation, 3(1), 103-124.
- Eisinger Peter K., & Robert M. La Follette Institute of Public Affairs. (1988). The rise of the entrepreneurial state: State and local economic development policy in the United States. Wisconsin: Univ of Wisconsin Press.
- Evans, P. (1995) Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Foray, D., Mowery, D., & Nelson, R. (2012). Public R&D and social challenges: What lessons from mission R&D programs? Research Policy, 41(10), 1697- 1702.
- Freeman, C. (2013). Economics of industrial innovation. Abingdon: Routledge.
- Hekkert, M. P., Janssen, M. J., Wesseling, J. H., & Negro, S. O. (2020). Mission-oriented innovation systems. Environmental innovation and societal transitions, 34, 76-79.
- Johnson, C. (1982). MITI and the Japanese miracle: The growth of industrial policy, 1925-1975. California: Stanford University Press.
- Johnson, C. (1999). The Developmental State: Odyssey of a Concept. Cornell: Cornell University Press.
- Kaplan, S. N. (2018). Are US companies too short‐term oriented? Some thoughts. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 30(4), 8-18.
- Lu, M. (June 13, 2023). Ranked: The Most Innovative Companies in 2023. Visualcapitalist. https://www.visualcapitalist.com/most-innovative-companies-2023/
- Mathieu, E., & Roser, M. (2023). Space exploration and satellites. Our World in Data.
- Mazzucato, M. (2011). The entrepreneurial state. Soundings, 49(49), 131-142.
- Mazzucato, M. (2015). The Entrepreneurial State: Debunking Public vs Private Sector Myths (New York: Public Affairs).
- Mazzucato, M. (2015). The Innovative State: Governments Should Make Markets, Not Just Fix Them. Foreign Affairs, 94(1), 61-VI.
- Mazzucato, M. (2016). From market fixing to market-creating: a new framework for innovation policy. Industry and Innovation, 23(2), 140-156.
- National Institute of Health, 2024. https://covid19.nih.gov/nih-strategic-response-covid-19/decades-making-mrna-covid-19-vaccines, Retrieved: 25.02.2024.
- Nature.com. (11 March 2020) Nature 579, 173-174 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00690-5, Retrieved: 18.10.2021.
- Nelson, R. R. (1959). The simple economics of basic scientific research. Journal Of Political Economy, 67(3), 297-306.
- Nelson, R. R. (2022). The Economic System Question Revisited. Industrial and Corporate Change 31 (3): 591–609.
- O’Connor, A.C., Gallaher, M.P., Clark-Sutton, K., Lapidus, D., Oliver, Z.T., Scott, T.J., Wood, D.W., Gonzalez, M.A., Brown, E.G., and Fletcher, J. 2019, June. Economic Benefits of the Global Positioning System (GPS). RTI Report Number 0215471.
- O‘Riain, Sean. (2004). The Politics of High Tech Growth. Boston: Cambridge University Press.US
- Öniş, Z. (1991). The Logic of the Developmental State (Book Review). Comparative Politics, 24(1), 109-126.
- Palley, T. I. (2012). From financial crisis to stagnation: The destruction of shared prosperity and the role of economics. Boston: Cambridge University Press.
- Peters, T. (2005). İşinizi Yeniden Yaratın. İstanbul: Boyner Holding Yayınları.
- Polanyi, K. (1944), The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time, 2001 edition, Boston: Beacon Press.
- Porter, M. E. (2008). Rekabet Stratejileri. Çev. Gülen Ulubilgen, İstanbul: Sistem Yayıncılık.
- Roland, Alex., Philip Shiman. (2002). Strategic Computing: DARPA and the Quest for Machine Intelligence, 1983—1993. Cambridge: MIT Press.
- Ruttan, W. (2006). Is War Necessary for Economic Growth? New York: Oxford University Press.
- Schumpeter, J.A. (1912), The Theory of Economic Development, trans. by R. Opie from the 1926 (revised) edition of Theorie der Wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung, London: Oxford University Press.
- Schumpeter, J. (1992/1942). Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy. London: Routledge.
- Sun, Z. (2015). Technology innovation and entrepreneurial state: The development of China's high-speed rail industry. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 27(6), 646-659.
- Taylor, M. Z. (2016). The politics of innovation: Why some countries are better than others at science and technology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- The US. Treasury, 2024. Data Set, Federal Spending, Retrieved: 25.02.2024. https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov
- Weiss, L, Hobson, J., (1999). Devletler ve Ekonomik Kalkınma / Karşılaştırmalı Bir Tarihsel Analiz. Ankara: Dost Kitabevi Yayınları.
- Weiss, L. (2014). America Inc.?. New York: Cornell University Press.
KALKINMACI DEVLET İLE GİRİŞİMCİ DEVLETİN TEORİK BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMASI: YAKINSAMA VEYA TEKNOLOJİK İLERLEME
Year 2024,
Volume: 23 Issue: 91, 1257 - 1275, 25.07.2024
Volkan Süleyman Gürgen
Abstract
Bu makale, kalkınmacı devlet ile girişimci devletin eleştirel bir karşılaştırmasını sunmakta ve kamu kurumları ile çıktıları arasındaki bağlantı yoluyla girişimci bir devletin kalkınmacı bir devlete göre avantajlarını ve gerekliliğini vurgulayarak mevcut literatüre katkıda bulunmaktadır. Devletin hem gelişmiş hem de gelişmekte olan ülkelerin ekonomisinde ve kalkınmasında önemli bir rol oynadığı yaygın olarak kabul edilmektedir. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde devletin Avrupa ve Asya ile karşılaştırıldığında oynadığı role ilişkin tartışmalar devam ederken, ABD kamu kurumlarının teknolojik ilerleme ve yenilikteki gizli rolünün farkına varılması önemlidir. Makale, araştırma, teknoloji ve inovasyonla ilgili faktörleri temel uygulamalı araştırma, teknolojik inovasyonlar ve kademeli inovasyonlar olarak kategorize etmektedir. Daha sonra girişimci devlet ve kalkınmacı devlet kavramları teknoloji, yenilik ve rekabetle ilişkilendirilerek tanımlanmaktadır. Son bölümde, girişimci devlet ile kalkınmacı devlet arasında bir karşılaştırma yapılarak, teorik olarak girişimci devletin esas olduğu ve kalkınmacı devlete göre çok sayıda avantaj sunduğu ortaya konmaktadır.
Ethical Statement
Bu çalışmanın, özgün bir çalışma olduğunu; çalışmanın hazırlık, veri toplama, analiz ve bilgilerin sunumu olmak üzere tüm aşamalarından bilimsel etik ilke ve kurallarına uygun davrandığımı; bu çalışma kapsamında elde edilmeyen tüm veri ve bilgiler için kaynak gösterdiğimi ve bu kaynaklara kaynakçada yer verdiğimi; kullanılan verilerde herhangi bir değişiklik yapmadığımı, çalışmanın Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)' in tüm şartlarını ve koşullarını kabul ederek etik görev ve sorumluluklara riayet ettiğimi beyan ederim.
Herhangi bir zamanda, çalışmayla ilgili yaptığım bu beyana aykırı bir durumun saptanması durumunda, ortaya çıkacak tüm ahlaki ve hukuki sonuçlara razı olduğumu bildiririm.
Thanks
Bu çalışma Haziran, 2022 tarihinde tamamladığım ‘’Piyasa inovasyon ikileminde girişimci devletin rolü: OECD üzerine bir uygulama’’ başlıklı doktora tezi esas alınarak hazırlanmıştır (2022). This article is extracted from my doctorate dissertation entitled “The role of the entrepreneurial state in the context of market and innovation dilemma: An application on OECD” (2022). Doktora tezim süresince gayrıresmi danışmanlık yapan Dr. Barış Güven’e katkılarından dolayı teşekkürlerimi sunarım.
References
- Adams, L. J. (1999). Bir Mühendisin Dünyası. Ankara: Tübitak Yayınları.
- Akcigit, U., Hanley, D., & Serrano-Velarde, N. (2013). Back to basics: Basic research spillovers, innovation policy and growth (No. w19473). National Bureau of Economic Research.
- Arpacı, I. (2011). ―Kamu kurumlarında Teknolojik İnovasyon ve İnovasyoN Politikası. ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi, (38): 111-123.
- Arrow, K. (1962). Economic welfare and the allocation of resources for invention. In The rate and direction of inventive activity: Economic and social factors (pp. 609-626). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Block, F. (2008). Swimming against the current: The rise of a hidden developmental state in the United States. Politics & Society, 36(2), 169-206.
- Block, Fred L., and Matthew R. Keller., (2015). State of innovation: the US government's role in technology development. Abingdon: Routledge.
- “Bonvillian, William R. (2009). The Connected Science Model for Innovation: The DARPA Role. In Twenty-First Century Innovation Systems for Japan and the United States, edited by Committee on Comparative Innovation Policy, National Research Council. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.”
- Business Insider, (Aug 23, 2023). https://www.businessinsider.com/big-tech-salaries-what-you-make-google-apple-amazon-meta-ibm, Retrieved: 02.03.2024.
- Chinese Academy of Science, 2024. https://english.cas.cn/, Retrieved: 15.02.2024.
- Christensen, C. M. (1997). The innovator's dilemma: When new technologies cause great firms to fail. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
- Christensen, C. M., Baumann, H., Ruggles, R., & Sadtler, T. M. (2006). Disruptive innovation for social change. Harvard Business Review, 84(12), 94.
- Drucker, P. F. (2003). Geleceğin toplumunda yönetim, Çev. Mehmet Zaman. İstanbul: Hayat Yayın.
- Duckett, J. (2006). The entrepreneurial state in China: Real estate and commerce departments in reform era Tianjin. Abingdon: Routledge.
- Ebner, A. (2006). Institutions, entrepreneurship, and the rationale of government: An outline of the Schumpeterian theory of the state. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 59(4), 497-515.
- Ebner, A. (2007). Public policy, governance and innovation: entrepreneurial states in East Asian economic development. International Journal of Technology and Globalisation, 3(1), 103-124.
- Eisinger Peter K., & Robert M. La Follette Institute of Public Affairs. (1988). The rise of the entrepreneurial state: State and local economic development policy in the United States. Wisconsin: Univ of Wisconsin Press.
- Evans, P. (1995) Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Foray, D., Mowery, D., & Nelson, R. (2012). Public R&D and social challenges: What lessons from mission R&D programs? Research Policy, 41(10), 1697- 1702.
- Freeman, C. (2013). Economics of industrial innovation. Abingdon: Routledge.
- Hekkert, M. P., Janssen, M. J., Wesseling, J. H., & Negro, S. O. (2020). Mission-oriented innovation systems. Environmental innovation and societal transitions, 34, 76-79.
- Johnson, C. (1982). MITI and the Japanese miracle: The growth of industrial policy, 1925-1975. California: Stanford University Press.
- Johnson, C. (1999). The Developmental State: Odyssey of a Concept. Cornell: Cornell University Press.
- Kaplan, S. N. (2018). Are US companies too short‐term oriented? Some thoughts. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 30(4), 8-18.
- Lu, M. (June 13, 2023). Ranked: The Most Innovative Companies in 2023. Visualcapitalist. https://www.visualcapitalist.com/most-innovative-companies-2023/
- Mathieu, E., & Roser, M. (2023). Space exploration and satellites. Our World in Data.
- Mazzucato, M. (2011). The entrepreneurial state. Soundings, 49(49), 131-142.
- Mazzucato, M. (2015). The Entrepreneurial State: Debunking Public vs Private Sector Myths (New York: Public Affairs).
- Mazzucato, M. (2015). The Innovative State: Governments Should Make Markets, Not Just Fix Them. Foreign Affairs, 94(1), 61-VI.
- Mazzucato, M. (2016). From market fixing to market-creating: a new framework for innovation policy. Industry and Innovation, 23(2), 140-156.
- National Institute of Health, 2024. https://covid19.nih.gov/nih-strategic-response-covid-19/decades-making-mrna-covid-19-vaccines, Retrieved: 25.02.2024.
- Nature.com. (11 March 2020) Nature 579, 173-174 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00690-5, Retrieved: 18.10.2021.
- Nelson, R. R. (1959). The simple economics of basic scientific research. Journal Of Political Economy, 67(3), 297-306.
- Nelson, R. R. (2022). The Economic System Question Revisited. Industrial and Corporate Change 31 (3): 591–609.
- O’Connor, A.C., Gallaher, M.P., Clark-Sutton, K., Lapidus, D., Oliver, Z.T., Scott, T.J., Wood, D.W., Gonzalez, M.A., Brown, E.G., and Fletcher, J. 2019, June. Economic Benefits of the Global Positioning System (GPS). RTI Report Number 0215471.
- O‘Riain, Sean. (2004). The Politics of High Tech Growth. Boston: Cambridge University Press.US
- Öniş, Z. (1991). The Logic of the Developmental State (Book Review). Comparative Politics, 24(1), 109-126.
- Palley, T. I. (2012). From financial crisis to stagnation: The destruction of shared prosperity and the role of economics. Boston: Cambridge University Press.
- Peters, T. (2005). İşinizi Yeniden Yaratın. İstanbul: Boyner Holding Yayınları.
- Polanyi, K. (1944), The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time, 2001 edition, Boston: Beacon Press.
- Porter, M. E. (2008). Rekabet Stratejileri. Çev. Gülen Ulubilgen, İstanbul: Sistem Yayıncılık.
- Roland, Alex., Philip Shiman. (2002). Strategic Computing: DARPA and the Quest for Machine Intelligence, 1983—1993. Cambridge: MIT Press.
- Ruttan, W. (2006). Is War Necessary for Economic Growth? New York: Oxford University Press.
- Schumpeter, J.A. (1912), The Theory of Economic Development, trans. by R. Opie from the 1926 (revised) edition of Theorie der Wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung, London: Oxford University Press.
- Schumpeter, J. (1992/1942). Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy. London: Routledge.
- Sun, Z. (2015). Technology innovation and entrepreneurial state: The development of China's high-speed rail industry. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 27(6), 646-659.
- Taylor, M. Z. (2016). The politics of innovation: Why some countries are better than others at science and technology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- The US. Treasury, 2024. Data Set, Federal Spending, Retrieved: 25.02.2024. https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov
- Weiss, L, Hobson, J., (1999). Devletler ve Ekonomik Kalkınma / Karşılaştırmalı Bir Tarihsel Analiz. Ankara: Dost Kitabevi Yayınları.
- Weiss, L. (2014). America Inc.?. New York: Cornell University Press.