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The Relationship Between Water and Women in The Greek Pantheon

Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 1434 - 1452

Abstract

In ancient Greek society, women played an active role, especially in religion, funerals, birth and the functioning of the oikos. Women were responsible for the maintenance of the house, cleaning, cooking, and the production of clothing by weaving. At the same time, women were the ones who carried the water needs of the house. They carried the water needs of the house as well as the needs of the rituals (Brule, 1987, p:99). Women were mostly involved in religious activities, which were an important element in city-states. These duties also strengthened their activities in the house. Women carried water with hydria in both daily life and religious festivals. Women who carried water with hydria were called hydriaphoros. Women carried water in cult ceremonies that included water. This iconography is depicted on a black-figured vase made in the late 6th century BC.

References

  • Blümel, C. (1966) Die klassich griechischen skulpturen der staatlichen museen zu berlin, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag
  • Brumfield, A.C. (1981) The Attic festivals of Demeter and their relation to the agricultural year, Virginia: Arno Press
  • Cole, S.G.(1986) ‘The Uses Of Water In Greek Sanctuaries’, Early Cult Pracrice Proceedings Of The Fifth internatıonal Symposıum At The Swedish Instıtute At Athens, 26-29 June, Edited; Robin Hagg, Nanno Marınatos, Gullög C.Nordquist p:161-165, Athen: Svenska Institutet
  • Cole, S.G. (1994) Demeter in the ancient Greek city and its countryside’placing the gods sanctuaries and sacred space in ancient Greece, edt: Susan Alcock-Robin Osborne, s:199-216, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Diehl, E.(1964) Die Hydria, Formgeschichte und Verwendung im Kult des Altertums. Mainz: Mainz em Rheim.
  • Ehrenheim, Hedvig von(2011), Greek Incubation Rituals in Classical and Hellenistic Times, Stokholm:Stokholm University.
  • Gürler, B. (2000) “Some roman ceramics found in the villages of Tire”,Rei Cretariae Romanae Favtores XXIst International Congress1998 Ephesus and Pergamum, 27 Eylül-4 Ekim 1998, Selçuk-İzmir, Rei Cretariae Favtorum ACTA 36, UK:Oxford, s:119-122.
  • Gürler, B. (2003) “Kaystros (Küçük Menderes) Ovasında yeni bir antikyer/ Hirgi yakınlarındaki Hacı Hasanlar köyü ve buluntuları”, Belleten,Cilt LXVII, Sayı 250, Aralık , s:739-744, Ankara:TTK.
  • Higgins, R.A.(1969) Catologue of the terracottas in the department of Grek and Roman Antıquiteies British Museum, U.K.:Britisih Museum
  • Işık, F.(1980) ‘die koroplastik von theangelain karien und ihre beziehungen zu ostionien’, İstt Mitt-BH21, Germany: Tubingen
  • Işın, G. (2007). Patara terrakottaları Hellenistik ve Roma dönemleri. İstanbul:Ege Yayınları
  • Jeppesen K., A fresh approach to the problems of the Parthenon Frieze, In:Proceedings of the Danish Institute at Athens V, Edt: Erik Hallager and Jesper Tae Jensen, 2007, pp:101-173, Athens: Danish Institute
  • Keil J.-Premerstein A.(1914) Bereicht über eine dritte Reise in Lydien, Germany:Wien.
  • Leake, W.M.(1976), Journal of a tour in Asia Minor, New York: Hildesheim.
  • Lefkowitz, M. - Fant, M(1993) women is life in Greece and Rome, a sources book in translation, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Magie, D. (2003) Anadolu’da Romalılar 3. Batı Anadolu Kent Devletleri, Çev. N. Başgelen – Ö. Çapar, İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları
  • Meriç, R. (1988)“antik dönemde Küçük Menderes havzasının tarihsel coğrafyasına genel bir bakış”, Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 4, s: 202-213, İzmir,
  • Merker, G. (2000) The Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore terracotta figurines of the Classical Hellenistic and Roman Period, New Jersey: American School of Classical Studies at Athens
  • Parker, R. (1986)‘Demeter, Dionysos And The Spartan Pantheon’, Early Cult Pracrice, Proceedings Of The Fıfth Internatıonal Symposium At The Swedish Instıtute At Athens, 26-29 June, s:98-104, Athen: The Swedish Instıtute
  • Sevin, V. (2001) Anadolu’nun tarihi coğrafyası 1, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu.
  • Steiner, A. (2003)‘children in athenian cult: the case of demeter’s boy’, proceedings of the XVI th internatıonal congress of classical archeology boston, August 23-26, s:611-613, Boston: Oxbow Books
  • Stewart, A.(1990) Greek sculpture an exploration, London: New Haven
  • Töpperwein, E.(1976), Terrakotten Von Pergamon, Berlin : Deutsches Archäologisches Institut
  • Uhlenbrock J.P. (Ed.)(1990), The Coroplast’s Art. Greek Terracottas of the Hellenistic World. An Exhibition and Publication in Honor of D. Burr Thompson of her 90th Birthday. New York: College Art Gallery, The College at New Paltz, State University of New York
  • Vierneisel-Schlörb B.(1997) Die Figürlichen Terrakotten Spatmykenisch bis Spathellenistisch, Band XV,Germany: Deutsches Archaologisches Instıtut, Germany.

Yunan Pantheonunda Kadın ve Su Arasındaki İlişki

Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 1434 - 1452

Abstract

Su, yaşamın sürdürülebilmesi için temel ihtiyaçlardan birisi olmuştur. Antik Yunan toplumunda da su hem gündelik yaşam hem de din için çok önemli bir unsur olmuştur. Antik Yunan toplumunda kadınlar, din, cenaze, doğum ve oikosun işlenmesinde çok etkin bir rol oynamaktadırlar. Kadınlar evin bakımını, temizliğini, yemek yapımını, dokuma yaparak giysi üretimini sağlamakla yükümlüydüler. Evin tüm su ihtiyacı kadınlar tarafından karşılanıyordu. Su ihtiyacı mahallelerdeki çeşmelerden evlere taşınarak sağlanmaktaydı. Antik Yunan’da kadınların sosyal hayata dair yaptıkları en önemli aktivite dini faaliyetlerdi. Dini faaliyetlerde sadece etkin rol almalarına izin verilmekteydi. Bu bağlamda da kadınlar dini faaliyetlerin hemen hemen her şeyinde görev almaktaydılar. Dini ritüeller için gerekli olan su ihtiyacı da kadınlar tarafından taşınmaktaydı (Brule, 1987, s:99). Kadınlar, hem gündelik hayatta hem de dini festivallerde suları hydria ile taşımaktaydılar. Hdria ile su taşıyan kadınlara hydriaphoros adı verilmekteydi.
Hydria, Yunan Pantheonundaki pek çok tanrı kültünde çok sık kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte bu tanrılar içerisinde Hera, Demeter ve Artemis daha fazla ön plana çıkmaktadır.

References

  • Blümel, C. (1966) Die klassich griechischen skulpturen der staatlichen museen zu berlin, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag
  • Brumfield, A.C. (1981) The Attic festivals of Demeter and their relation to the agricultural year, Virginia: Arno Press
  • Cole, S.G.(1986) ‘The Uses Of Water In Greek Sanctuaries’, Early Cult Pracrice Proceedings Of The Fifth internatıonal Symposıum At The Swedish Instıtute At Athens, 26-29 June, Edited; Robin Hagg, Nanno Marınatos, Gullög C.Nordquist p:161-165, Athen: Svenska Institutet
  • Cole, S.G. (1994) Demeter in the ancient Greek city and its countryside’placing the gods sanctuaries and sacred space in ancient Greece, edt: Susan Alcock-Robin Osborne, s:199-216, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Diehl, E.(1964) Die Hydria, Formgeschichte und Verwendung im Kult des Altertums. Mainz: Mainz em Rheim.
  • Ehrenheim, Hedvig von(2011), Greek Incubation Rituals in Classical and Hellenistic Times, Stokholm:Stokholm University.
  • Gürler, B. (2000) “Some roman ceramics found in the villages of Tire”,Rei Cretariae Romanae Favtores XXIst International Congress1998 Ephesus and Pergamum, 27 Eylül-4 Ekim 1998, Selçuk-İzmir, Rei Cretariae Favtorum ACTA 36, UK:Oxford, s:119-122.
  • Gürler, B. (2003) “Kaystros (Küçük Menderes) Ovasında yeni bir antikyer/ Hirgi yakınlarındaki Hacı Hasanlar köyü ve buluntuları”, Belleten,Cilt LXVII, Sayı 250, Aralık , s:739-744, Ankara:TTK.
  • Higgins, R.A.(1969) Catologue of the terracottas in the department of Grek and Roman Antıquiteies British Museum, U.K.:Britisih Museum
  • Işık, F.(1980) ‘die koroplastik von theangelain karien und ihre beziehungen zu ostionien’, İstt Mitt-BH21, Germany: Tubingen
  • Işın, G. (2007). Patara terrakottaları Hellenistik ve Roma dönemleri. İstanbul:Ege Yayınları
  • Jeppesen K., A fresh approach to the problems of the Parthenon Frieze, In:Proceedings of the Danish Institute at Athens V, Edt: Erik Hallager and Jesper Tae Jensen, 2007, pp:101-173, Athens: Danish Institute
  • Keil J.-Premerstein A.(1914) Bereicht über eine dritte Reise in Lydien, Germany:Wien.
  • Leake, W.M.(1976), Journal of a tour in Asia Minor, New York: Hildesheim.
  • Lefkowitz, M. - Fant, M(1993) women is life in Greece and Rome, a sources book in translation, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Magie, D. (2003) Anadolu’da Romalılar 3. Batı Anadolu Kent Devletleri, Çev. N. Başgelen – Ö. Çapar, İstanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları
  • Meriç, R. (1988)“antik dönemde Küçük Menderes havzasının tarihsel coğrafyasına genel bir bakış”, Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 4, s: 202-213, İzmir,
  • Merker, G. (2000) The Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore terracotta figurines of the Classical Hellenistic and Roman Period, New Jersey: American School of Classical Studies at Athens
  • Parker, R. (1986)‘Demeter, Dionysos And The Spartan Pantheon’, Early Cult Pracrice, Proceedings Of The Fıfth Internatıonal Symposium At The Swedish Instıtute At Athens, 26-29 June, s:98-104, Athen: The Swedish Instıtute
  • Sevin, V. (2001) Anadolu’nun tarihi coğrafyası 1, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu.
  • Steiner, A. (2003)‘children in athenian cult: the case of demeter’s boy’, proceedings of the XVI th internatıonal congress of classical archeology boston, August 23-26, s:611-613, Boston: Oxbow Books
  • Stewart, A.(1990) Greek sculpture an exploration, London: New Haven
  • Töpperwein, E.(1976), Terrakotten Von Pergamon, Berlin : Deutsches Archäologisches Institut
  • Uhlenbrock J.P. (Ed.)(1990), The Coroplast’s Art. Greek Terracottas of the Hellenistic World. An Exhibition and Publication in Honor of D. Burr Thompson of her 90th Birthday. New York: College Art Gallery, The College at New Paltz, State University of New York
  • Vierneisel-Schlörb B.(1997) Die Figürlichen Terrakotten Spatmykenisch bis Spathellenistisch, Band XV,Germany: Deutsches Archaologisches Instıtut, Germany.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Contemporary World History (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Derya Erol 0000-0003-1580-6448

Early Pub Date October 19, 2025
Publication Date October 24, 2025
Submission Date November 11, 2024
Acceptance Date August 26, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 24 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Erol, D. (2025). The Relationship Between Water and Women in The Greek Pantheon. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(4), 1434-1452.