Azolla (Azolla spp.) Bitkisinin Genel Özellikleri: Kaz ve Ördek Yetiştiriciliğinde Alternatif Yem Materyali Olarak Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Azolla bitkisi, biyokütle kaynağı ve protein içeriği bakımından zengin bir yapıya sahiptir. Proteinlerin yanı sıra vitamin, probiyotik, biyopolimer ve demir, kalsiyum, magnezyum, potasyum, fosfor ve manganez gibi mineralleri de bol miktarda içerir. Kanatlı hayvan beslenmesinde ve diğer hayvancılık faaliyetlerinde alternatif yem maddesi olarak yaygın olarak kullanılır. Yapılan çalışmalar, Azolla katkılı yemlerle beslenen kanatlı hayvanlarının üretim ve üreme düzeylerini artırdığını, yem dönüşüm oranını (FCR), enerji verimliliğini ve performansı olumsuz bir etki olmaksızın iyileştirdiğini ve ucuz ve bol miktarda alternatif bitkisel protein kaynağı olduğunu göstermiştir. Kanatlı hayvanlar arasında kaz ve ördekler, yüksek selüloz içerikli yonca, yeşil ot ve diğer bazı bitkileri tüketebilen ve sindirebilen ve kısa sürede yüksek bir büyüme hızına ulaşabilen hayvanlardır. Bu nedenle, Azolla'yı kaz ve ördek yetiştiriciliğinde doğrudan yem maddesi olarak kullanmak mümkündür. Bu derlemede; Azolla bitkisinin genel özellikleri, kimyasal bileşenleri ve kaz ve ördek yetiştiriciliğinde alternatif yem maddesi olarak değerlendirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Azolla (Azolla spp.) bitkisi
• alternatif yem maddeleri
• kaz yetiştiriciliği
• ördek yetiştiriciliği
• kanatlı hayvanlar

General Traits of Azolla (Azolla spp.) Plant: Evaluation as an Alternative Feed Material in Goose and Duck Breeding

Abstract

The Azolla plant has a structure that is rich in biomass source and protein content. In addition to proteins, it also contains vitamins, probiotics, biopolymers and minerals such as iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and manganese in abundance. It is widely used as an alternative feedstuff in poultry nutrition and other animal husbandry activities. Studies have shown that poultry fed with Azolla-added diets have increased production and reproduction levels, improved feed conversion ratio (FCR), energy efficiency and performance without any negative effects, and is a cheap and abundant alternative plant protein source. Among poultry, geese and ducks are animals that can consume and digest high cellulose content clover, green grass and some other plants, and can reach a high growth rate in a short time. Thus, it is possible to use Azolla directly as a feedstuff in goose and duck breeding. In this review; The general traits of the Azolla plant, its chemical components, and studies on its evaluation as an alternative feedstuff in goose and duck breeding have been tried to be presented

Keywords

• Azolla (Azolla spp.) plant
• alternative feed material
• goose breeding
• duck breeding
• poultry

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