SEROTONIN AND ROLE IN EPILEPSY

Abstract

Serotonin (5-HT), has important roles in epilepsy as well as its many physiological roles in the central and peripheral nervous systems. By now, seven serotonin receptor types, 5-HT1-5-HT7, and their subtypes have been identified. In addition to these receptors, there are serotonin reuptake transporter proteins, involved in serotonergic neurotransmission and responsible for serotonin reuptake from nerve endings. In general, chemical agents such as serotonin precursors, 5-hydroxytryptophan, and serotonin reuptake inhibitors that increase extracellular serotonin levels and serotonin receptor agonists suppress both focal and generalized seizures. On the other hand, depletion of 5- HT or receptor antagonists reduces the threshold of seizures in audio genic, chemical and electrical induced epilepsy models. Studies have especially focused on the 5-HT1A, 5-HT2C, 5 -HT3, 5-HT4 and 5-HT7 receptors and serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The results showed that these receptors have important roles in both epileptogenesis and epileptiform activity.

Keywords

• Serotonin,experimental epilepsy models,5-HT receptors

SEROTONİN ve EPİLEPSİDE ROLÜ

Abstract

Serotonin (5-HT), merkezi ve periferik sinir sistemindeki birçok fizyolojik rolünün yanı sıra epilepsi üzerinde de önemli rollere sahiptir. Şimdiye kadar 5-HT1-5-HT7 olmak üzere serotonine ait yedi reseptör tipi ve bunların alt tipleri tanımlanmıştır. Bu reseptörlere ilave olarak serotonerjik nörotransmisyonda görev alan ve sinir sonlanmalarından serotoninin geri alınımından sorumlu olan serotonin geri alım taşıyıcı proteinleri de bulunmaktadır. Genel olarak, serotonin öncülü 5-hidroksitriptofan ve serotonin geri alım inhibitörleri gibi hücre dışı serotonin seviyelerini yükselten ajanlar ile serotonin reseptör agonistleri hem fokal hem de jeneralize nöbetleri baskılamaktadır. Aksine beyinde 5-HT’nin uzaklaştırılması veya reseptör antagonistlerinin uygulanması ise odyojenik, kimyasal ve elektrikle uyarılan epilepsi modellerinde nöbet eşik değerini düşürdüğü bilinmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda, özellikle 5-HT1A, 5-HT2C, 5-HT3, 5- HT4 ve 5-HT7 reseptörleri ve serotonin geri alım inhibitörleri üzerine odaklanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular bu reseptörlerin hem epileptogenezde hem de epileptiform aktivitenin sürdürülmesinde önemli rollere sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. 

Keywords

• Serotonin,deneysel epilepsi modelleri,5-HT reseptörleri

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