Florokinolon Grubu Antibiyotikleri

Yıl 1997, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 193 - 203, 01.12.1997

Rauf Akkaya

Öz

Bu derlemede İnsan hekimliğinden ve Veteriner Hekimlikte kullanılan yeni
kuşak Kinolon grubu ilaçlardan Florokinolon grubu antibiyotikler, etki
mekanizmaları , kimyasal yapıları , antibakteriyel spektrumları ,
fannakokinetikleri, klinik kullanımları , dirençlilik ve yan etkileri incelenmiştir.
Kinolonların yapılarına Flor atomu ve Piperazin grubunun eklenmesiyle
antimikrobiyel kemoterapide büyük ilerleme oluşmuştur. Bunların başlıcaları
Nortfloksasin, Otloksasin, Petloksasin, Siprotloksasin, Enoksasin, Difloksasin,
Danofloksasin, Fleroksasindir. Bakterisit etkili olup, replikasyon, rekombinasyon
ve transkripsiyon olaylarında önemli olan bakteriyel DNAjiraz enzimini inhibe
ederek DNA sentezini önlediği kabul edilmektedir. Florokinolonların etkisiyle
bakteriler bölünmez ve anormal şekilde uzayarak ölürler.
Florokinolonlar güçlü bakterisit etkilidirler, yan etki olasılıkları zayıf ve
bakteriyel dirençlilik olguları seyrektir. Etki spekturumları geniştir. Gram ( -)
aerobik patojenlerin çağuna karşı iyi bir şekilde etkili olup, Gram (+)
mikroorganizmalar ve mikrobacteri türlerine karşı da etkili oldukları
görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Florokinolon, Antiboyotik, Rauf AKKAYA, 1997, Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi

The antibiotics in the tluorokinolon group

Öz

In this review. the modes of effcct, chemical stnıctures. antibacterial
spectnıms , pharınacokinetics , elinical usage, resistances and side effccts of the
antibiotics in the in the tluorkinolon group. a new gencration of kinolon group
dnıgs used in human and veterinary medicine was studied. There has been a
great improvemcnt in antimicrobial chemotherapy by the addition of tl u or atom
and piperazine group to the stnıcture of the kinolons. Norfloxacin, Otloxacin,
Pefloxacin, Cyprofloxacin, Enoxacin, Difloxacin, Danofloxacin, Fleroxacin are
principal representators of this group. They have bactericid effect and they are
regarded as to prevent the DNA synthesis by the inhibition of bacterial DNA girase enzyme which has an important rol in the replication, recombination and
transcriptian activities. By the effect of the fluorokinolons, the bacteria do not
divide and they elongate abnormally and die.
The fluorokinolons have strong bactericid cffect, their side effect
probabailities are weak and the cascs of bactcrial resistance are rare. Their
spectnıms are \vide. They have been found to be quite effective to most of the
Gram (-) aerobic pathogens and effective to Gram (+) microorganlsms and
mycobacterium species.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fluorokinolon., Antibiotic

Kaynakça

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