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Florokinolon Grubu Antibiyotikleri

Yıl 1997, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 193 - 203, 01.12.1997

Öz

Bu derlemede İnsan hekimliğinden ve Veteriner Hekimlikte kullanılan yeni
kuşak Kinolon grubu ilaçlardan Florokinolon grubu antibiyotikler, etki
mekanizmaları , kimyasal yapıları , antibakteriyel spektrumları ,
fannakokinetikleri, klinik kullanımları , dirençlilik ve yan etkileri incelenmiştir.
Kinolonların yapılarına Flor atomu ve Piperazin grubunun eklenmesiyle
antimikrobiyel kemoterapide büyük ilerleme oluşmuştur. Bunların başlıcaları
Nortfloksasin, Otloksasin, Petloksasin, Siprotloksasin, Enoksasin, Difloksasin,
Danofloksasin, Fleroksasindir. Bakterisit etkili olup, replikasyon, rekombinasyon
ve transkripsiyon olaylarında önemli olan bakteriyel DNAjiraz enzimini inhibe
ederek DNA sentezini önlediği kabul edilmektedir. Florokinolonların etkisiyle
bakteriler bölünmez ve anormal şekilde uzayarak ölürler.
Florokinolonlar güçlü bakterisit etkilidirler, yan etki olasılıkları zayıf ve
bakteriyel dirençlilik olguları seyrektir. Etki spekturumları geniştir. Gram ( -)
aerobik patojenlerin çağuna karşı iyi bir şekilde etkili olup, Gram (+)
mikroorganizmalar ve mikrobacteri türlerine karşı da etkili oldukları
görülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • BALL, P. (1989): Adverse reactions and interactions of fluoroquinolones. Clinical and investigative medicine Vol. 12( 1 ): 28-34.
  • BELLİDO, F. and PECHERE J.C (1989) : Laboratory Survey of Fluoroquinolone Activity. Reviews of infectios discases Vol. I 1(5) : 917-924.
  • BÜRKSHARDT, J.E., HİLL M.A. CARLTON, W.M., and KEST-ERSON J.W. (1990) : Histologic and Histo Chemical Changes in Articular Cartilages of immature Beale dogs doscd with Difloxacin, Fluoroquinolone. Vet. Pathol. 27 : (162- I 70).
  • CASTORA, J.F., VİSSERİNG, F.F, and SİMPSON, V.M., (l983) : The effect of bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitors on DNA sunthesis in mammalian mitochondria Biochemica et Biophysica Acta. 740: (417-427) .
  • CHU, D.T.W. and FERNANDES, P.B. (1989) : Structure-Activity Relationships of the Fluoroquinolones. Antimicrobial agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 33(2): 131-135 .
  • DOĞAN, A., BİLGİLİ, A. ve DAĞOĞLU, G. (1991) : Veteriner Hekimlikte kullanıma yeni giren antibakteriyel ilaçlar: Kinolonlar. Y.Y.Ü. Vet. Fak. Derg. 2(~-2): 141-151.
  • DOUİDAR, M. S. and SNODGRASS, W.R, (I 989) : Potential Role of Floroquinolones in Rediatric ınfections'. Reviews of infections disease. Vol : 11- 6.
  • FERNANDES, P.B. ( 1988) : Mode of action, and invitro and invivo activities of fluoroquinolones. J.Clin Parmacol. 28: 156-168.
  • GİLES, C.J. GRiMSHAW, W.T.R, SHANKS, D.J., SMiTH, D.G. (1991) : Kapalı Ahırlarda yetiştirilen besi sığırlarında akut bakteriyel pnömoni vakalarının tedavisinde danofloxacinnin etkinliği . Veterinary Record 128: 296- 300.
  • HOOPER, C. D., and WOLFSON S.J.( 1989) : Treatment of Genitourinary Tract infections with Fluoroquinolones. Clinical Efficacy in Ganital infections and Adverse Effects. Antimicrobial agents and Chemotherapy. Vol: 33 (10): 1662-1667.
  • HOOPER, D. C, WOLFSON-J.S. (1985) :The Fluoroquinolones: Pharmacology, Clinical uses, and Toxicities in Humans . Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. Vol. 28 (5) : 761-721.
  • JAMES, D.G., ( 1989) : The Fluoroquinolones, Therapeutic Focus. The British Journal of Clinical Practice. 43 (2).
  • MONTAY, G. and GAİLLOT, J. (1990): Pharmocokinetics of Fluoroquinolones in hepatic failure. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 26.
  • MURRAY, B. E. ( 1989) : lmpact of Fluoroquinolones on the Gastro intestinal Flora, Reviews of infekrtions diseases Vol. ll.
  • NEER, T.M. (1988): Clinical pharmacologic features of fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drugs JAVMA Vol. 193 (5).
  • NEA, H.C. (1987) : New Antibiotics. Areas of Apprapriate use. The journal of infections diseases. Vol. 155 (3): 403-415.
  • NEU, H.C. ( 1989): Synergy of fluoroquinolones with other antimicrobial agents. Reviews of infections disease. Vol. 11 (5).
  • NEUMA N, M. (I 988) : Clinical Pharmacokinetics of the Newer antibacteriyel 4-quinolones. Clinical Pharmacokinetis . Vol: I 4:96- I 2 I
  • NOUWS, J.F.M., NEVİNS, D.J., UREA, T.B, BAARS, A.M., and J. LAURENSEN. ( 1988): Pharmacokinctics, renal elearance and Metabolism of cipnotloxacin following intravenous and oral administration to calves and pigs. The veterinary quartcrey Vol. 10 (3).
  • OATES, J.A, WOOD, A.J.J. (199 I): Fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents. The New England Journal of Medicine Vol. 324 (6).
  • PATON, J.H, and REEVES, D.S. ( 1988): Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics. Microbology. Pharnıacokinetiks and Clinical use. Dnıgs . 36: (193-228).

The antibiotics in the tluorokinolon group

Yıl 1997, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 193 - 203, 01.12.1997

Öz

In this review. the modes of effcct, chemical stnıctures. antibacterial
spectnıms , pharınacokinetics , elinical usage, resistances and side effccts of the
antibiotics in the in the tluorkinolon group. a new gencration of kinolon group
dnıgs used in human and veterinary medicine was studied. There has been a
great improvemcnt in antimicrobial chemotherapy by the addition of tl u or atom
and piperazine group to the stnıcture of the kinolons. Norfloxacin, Otloxacin,
Pefloxacin, Cyprofloxacin, Enoxacin, Difloxacin, Danofloxacin, Fleroxacin are
principal representators of this group. They have bactericid effect and they are
regarded as to prevent the DNA synthesis by the inhibition of bacterial DNA girase enzyme which has an important rol in the replication, recombination and
transcriptian activities. By the effect of the fluorokinolons, the bacteria do not
divide and they elongate abnormally and die.
The fluorokinolons have strong bactericid cffect, their side effect
probabailities are weak and the cascs of bactcrial resistance are rare. Their
spectnıms are \vide. They have been found to be quite effective to most of the
Gram (-) aerobic pathogens and effective to Gram (+) microorganlsms and
mycobacterium species.

Kaynakça

  • BALL, P. (1989): Adverse reactions and interactions of fluoroquinolones. Clinical and investigative medicine Vol. 12( 1 ): 28-34.
  • BELLİDO, F. and PECHERE J.C (1989) : Laboratory Survey of Fluoroquinolone Activity. Reviews of infectios discases Vol. I 1(5) : 917-924.
  • BÜRKSHARDT, J.E., HİLL M.A. CARLTON, W.M., and KEST-ERSON J.W. (1990) : Histologic and Histo Chemical Changes in Articular Cartilages of immature Beale dogs doscd with Difloxacin, Fluoroquinolone. Vet. Pathol. 27 : (162- I 70).
  • CASTORA, J.F., VİSSERİNG, F.F, and SİMPSON, V.M., (l983) : The effect of bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitors on DNA sunthesis in mammalian mitochondria Biochemica et Biophysica Acta. 740: (417-427) .
  • CHU, D.T.W. and FERNANDES, P.B. (1989) : Structure-Activity Relationships of the Fluoroquinolones. Antimicrobial agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 33(2): 131-135 .
  • DOĞAN, A., BİLGİLİ, A. ve DAĞOĞLU, G. (1991) : Veteriner Hekimlikte kullanıma yeni giren antibakteriyel ilaçlar: Kinolonlar. Y.Y.Ü. Vet. Fak. Derg. 2(~-2): 141-151.
  • DOUİDAR, M. S. and SNODGRASS, W.R, (I 989) : Potential Role of Floroquinolones in Rediatric ınfections'. Reviews of infections disease. Vol : 11- 6.
  • FERNANDES, P.B. ( 1988) : Mode of action, and invitro and invivo activities of fluoroquinolones. J.Clin Parmacol. 28: 156-168.
  • GİLES, C.J. GRiMSHAW, W.T.R, SHANKS, D.J., SMiTH, D.G. (1991) : Kapalı Ahırlarda yetiştirilen besi sığırlarında akut bakteriyel pnömoni vakalarının tedavisinde danofloxacinnin etkinliği . Veterinary Record 128: 296- 300.
  • HOOPER, C. D., and WOLFSON S.J.( 1989) : Treatment of Genitourinary Tract infections with Fluoroquinolones. Clinical Efficacy in Ganital infections and Adverse Effects. Antimicrobial agents and Chemotherapy. Vol: 33 (10): 1662-1667.
  • HOOPER, D. C, WOLFSON-J.S. (1985) :The Fluoroquinolones: Pharmacology, Clinical uses, and Toxicities in Humans . Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. Vol. 28 (5) : 761-721.
  • JAMES, D.G., ( 1989) : The Fluoroquinolones, Therapeutic Focus. The British Journal of Clinical Practice. 43 (2).
  • MONTAY, G. and GAİLLOT, J. (1990): Pharmocokinetics of Fluoroquinolones in hepatic failure. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 26.
  • MURRAY, B. E. ( 1989) : lmpact of Fluoroquinolones on the Gastro intestinal Flora, Reviews of infekrtions diseases Vol. ll.
  • NEER, T.M. (1988): Clinical pharmacologic features of fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drugs JAVMA Vol. 193 (5).
  • NEA, H.C. (1987) : New Antibiotics. Areas of Apprapriate use. The journal of infections diseases. Vol. 155 (3): 403-415.
  • NEU, H.C. ( 1989): Synergy of fluoroquinolones with other antimicrobial agents. Reviews of infections disease. Vol. 11 (5).
  • NEUMA N, M. (I 988) : Clinical Pharmacokinetics of the Newer antibacteriyel 4-quinolones. Clinical Pharmacokinetis . Vol: I 4:96- I 2 I
  • NOUWS, J.F.M., NEVİNS, D.J., UREA, T.B, BAARS, A.M., and J. LAURENSEN. ( 1988): Pharmacokinctics, renal elearance and Metabolism of cipnotloxacin following intravenous and oral administration to calves and pigs. The veterinary quartcrey Vol. 10 (3).
  • OATES, J.A, WOOD, A.J.J. (199 I): Fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents. The New England Journal of Medicine Vol. 324 (6).
  • PATON, J.H, and REEVES, D.S. ( 1988): Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics. Microbology. Pharnıacokinetiks and Clinical use. Dnıgs . 36: (193-228).
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Veteriner Cerrahi
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Rauf Akkaya Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 1997
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Aralık 1997
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 1997 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Akkaya, R. (1997). Florokinolon Grubu Antibiyotikleri. Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 9(1), 193-203.


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