İnsanın Kimlik İnşasında Maddi Bir Varlık Olarak Boncuk

Year 2021, Volume: 27 Issue: 106, 379 - 396, 07.05.2021

Fatih Mehmet Berk

https://doi.org/10.22559/folklor.1370

Abstract

İnsanoğlu, yeryüzünde önceden var olan maddelerin yanı sıra sanat ve zanaat
becerisi ile ürettiği maddeler aracılığıyla kültür ve medeniyet inşa etmiştir.
Boncuk, tarih öncesi dönemin insan ve maddeler arasındaki ilişkisine ışık tutan
hacmi küçük fakat etkisi derin bir objedir. İlk izleri MÖ 100.000-75.000’lere
kadar uzanan boncuk, genel anlamda insanlık tarihinin kültürel gelişimini, sosyal,
ekonomik ve zihinsel alanlarını yorumlamada önemli bir unsurdur.
Çalışmanın amacı maddenin insanın kimlik inşasındaki rolünü boncuk üzerinden
yorumlamaktır. Çalışmada evvela tarih öncesi döneme ait din, dil, gelenek,
statü, cinsiyet, ekonomi, ticaret, sanat, teknoloji ve sosyalleşme alanlarında
boncuğun rolü ortaya konulmuştur. Daha sonra insan hayatını farklı alanlardan
kuşatan boncuğun insanın kimlik inşa sürecindeki etkisi ele alınmıştır. Boncuk,
insan kimliği üzerinde etkisi olan en kadim nesnelerden biri olduğu gibi en eski takı örneklerindendir.
Boncuk, takı eşyası olma vasfına ilaveten, soyut pek çok
anlam taşıyarak insanın bireysel ve sosyal kimliklerini ortaya koyan bir objeye
dönüşmüştür.
Bu çalışmada, nitel/tarihsel bir yaklaşımla kaynak taraması yöntemi kullanılarak
boncuk üzerine yazılmış kaynaklar analiz edilmiştir. Kaynak taramasına ek olarak
arkeolojik kazı sonuçlarından elde edilen veriler, antropolog ve arkeologların
boncuk üzerine yapmış oldukları farklı tespitler değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

insan, madde, takı, kimlik, boncuk

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