Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

On Republican Critique of Liberal Common Good

Year 2021, Issue: 73, 47 - 70, 15.07.2021

Abstract

Liberal democracy and republican democracy, both of which claim to be free political regimes,
are also always in competition with each other. The common good is at the top of
the discussion topics, and in this paper, it was studied on the criticism of the republican
tradition towards the liberal common good understanding. The primary addressee of this
criticism was the political liberalism influenced by post-modern skepticism. Republicans
argue that liberals have an erroneous understanding of the common good because of
their individualistic philosophical approach. It is argued that liberalism has failed to offer
individuals a strong commitment to the common good as members of a political unit. Republicans
argue that liberals’ understanding of the common good based on individualistic
interest/rights should be replaced by their own communitarian and civil virtue-based understanding
of the common good. Liberalism and republicanism have alternative or rival
political societies, so they differ on the basis of political society and the common good.
But there is a much stronger affinity between instrumental republicans and liberalism
than it first appeared. Political and comprehensive liberalism currents disagree on what
is the common good within themselves. The common good debate is closely linked to the
debate whether liberalism is just a formal ideology that offers a political framework or a
comprehensive ideology with a liberal theory of morality.

References

  • • ACKERMAN, Bruce. (1980) Social Justice in the Liberal State, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • • AĞAOĞULLARI, Mehmet Ali. (2014) “Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Halk Kendini Yaratıyor”, Batı’da Siyasal Düşünceler, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, ss. 569-596.
  • • ARENDT, Hannah (1994) İnsanlık Durumu, Bahadır Sina Şener (çev), İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  • • ARENDT, Hannah. (1990) On Revolutation, London: Penguin Books Press
  • • BELL, Daniel A. (2005) “A Communitarian Critique of Liberalism”, Analyse&Kritik, Cilt 27, Sayı 2, ss. 215–238.
  • • CALHOUN, Craig. (1991) “Morality, Identity, and Historical Explanation: Charles Taylor on the Sources of the Self”, Sociological Theory, Cilt 9, Sayı 2, ss. 232-263.
  • • D’ENTREVES, Maurizio Passerin. (1993) “Hannah Arendt ve Yurttaşlık Kavramı”, Ertuğrul Başer (çev), Birikim, Sayı 55, ss. 67-81.
  • • DWORKIN, Ronald. (1978a) “Public and Private Morality”, Liberalism, içinde Stuart Hampshire (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ss. 113-43.
  • • DWORKIN, Ronald. (1978b) Taking Rights Seriously, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
  • • GALSTON, William. (2002) Liberal Pluralism: the Implications of Value Pluralism for Political Theory and Practice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • GALSTON, William A. (1991) Liberal Purposes, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • GALSTON, William A. (1988) “Liberal Virtues”, The American Political Science Review, Cilt 82, Sayı. 4, ss. 1277-1290.
  • • GALSTON, William A. (1982) “Defending Liberalism”, The American Political Science Review, Cilt. 76, Sayı. 3), ss. 621-629.
  • • GALSTON, William. (1980) Justice And The Human Good, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • • HONOHAN, Iseult (2002) Civic Republicanism. New York: Routledge.
  • • İNCE, Halil Onur. (2013) “Hannah Arendt: Özgürlükçü Bir Cumhuriyetçilik Kuramına Doğru”, Res Publica: Platon’dan Skiner’a Antik ve Modern Düşünce, Armağan Öztürk (ed). Ankara: Doğu-Batı Yayınları, ss. 286-310.
  • • KALYVAS, Andreas&KATZNELSON, Ira. (2008) Liberal Beginnings: Making a Republic for the Moderns. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • KYMLICKA, Will, (2004) Çağdaş Siyaset Felsefesine Giriş, Ebru Kılış (çev). İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • • KYMLICKA, Will (1989) Liberalism, Community and Culture, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • • MACINTYRE, Alexandra. (2007) After Virtue: A study in Moral Theory, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press.
  • • MOUFFE, Chantal. (1992) “Democratic Citizenship And The Political Community”, Dimensions of Radical Democracy, içinde C. Mouffe (ed.), London: Verso.
  • • O’SULLIVAN, Noel. (1994) “Hannah Arendt: Eski Yunan Özlemi ve Endüstri Toplumu”, Çağdaş Siyaset Felsefecileri, A. De Crespigny&K.R.Minogue (ed), Ankara: Remzi Kitapevi, ss. 223-245.
  • • O’SULLIVAN, Noel. (1994) “Hannah Arendt: Eski Yunan Özlemi ve Endüstri Toplumu”, Çağdaş Siyaset Felsefecileri, A. De Crespigny&K.R. Minogue (ed). Ankara: Remzi Kitapevi, ss. 223-245.
  • • PATEMAN, Carol (1970) Participation and Democratic Theory, Cambridg: Cambridge University Press.
  • • PATTEN, Alan. (1996) “The Republican Critique of Liberalism”, British Journal of Political Science, cilt 26, Sayı 1, ss. 25-44.
  • • RAWLS, John. (1996) Political Liberalism, ABD: Columbia University Press
  • • RAWLS, John. (1971) A Theory of Justice, ABD: Harvard University Press.
  • • RAZ, Joseph. (1995) “Rights and politics”, Indiana Law Journal, Cilt 71, Sayı 1, ss. 27–44.
  • • RAZ, Joseph. (1986) The Morality of Freedom, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • • SANDEL, Michael (1982) Liberalism and The Limits of Justice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • SANDEL, Michael (1996) Democracy’s Discontent Amerika in Search of a Public Philosophy, Cambridge: Harward Üniversity Press.
  • • SKINNER, Quentin. (1984) “The idea of negative liberty: philosophical and historical perspectives”, Philosophy in History, Q. Skinner, R. Rorty, J. B. Schnegwind (eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
  • • SKINNER, Quentin. (1990) “The Republican Ideal of Political Liberty”, Machiavelli and Republicanism. Gisela Bock, Quentin Skinner & Maurizio Viroli (ed). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ss. 293-309.
  • • SKINNER, Quentin. (2002) Visions of Politics. Vol. 2: Renaissance virtues. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
  • • TAYLOR, Charles. (1979) Hegel and Modern Society, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • TAYLOR, Charles. (1989) “Cross-Purposes: Liberal-Communitarian Debate”, Liberalism and The Moral Life, Nacy Rosenblum (ed). Harvard University Press, ss. 159-182.
  • • TERCHEK, R. J. (1997) Republican Paradoxes and Liberal Anxieties, Lanham: Rowman

LİBERAL ORTAK İYİNİN CUMHURİYETÇİ ELEŞTİRİSİ ÜZERİNE

Year 2021, Issue: 73, 47 - 70, 15.07.2021

Abstract

Her ikisi de özgür siyasi rejimler olma iddiasında olan liberal demokrasi ve cumhuriyetçi
demokrasi, aynı zamanda birbirleriyle hep rekabet halindedirler. Tartışma konularının başında
ise ortak iyi gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada cumhuriyetçi geleneğin liberalizmin ortak
iyi anlayışı eleştirisi ele alınmıştır. Bu eleştirinin öncelikli muhatabı post-modern skeptizmden
etkilenmiş olan siyasi liberalizm ekolü oldu. Cumhuriyetçiler liberallerin bireyci
felsefi yaklaşımları sebebiyle hatalı bir ortak iyi kavrayışına sahip olduğunu ileri sürerler.
Liberalizmin bir siyasi birimin üyeleri olarak bireylere ortak iyiye yönelik güçlü bir bağlılık
sunma konusunda yetersiz kaldığı iddia edilmektedir. Cumhuriyetçiler, liberallerin
bireyci çıkar/haklar temelli bir ortak iyi anlayışının yerine, kendi toplumcu ve sivil erdem
temelli ortak iyi anlayışlarının konması gerektiğini ileri sürerler. Liberalizm ile cumhuriyetçilik
alternatif veya rakip siyasi toplum anlayışlarına sahiptir, haliyle siyasi toplumun
temeli ve ortak iyi konusunda ayrışmaktadırlar. Ancak enstrümantal cumhuriyetçiler ile
liberalizm arasında ilk başta göründüğünden çok daha güçlü bir yakınlık vardır. Siyasi
ve kapsamlı liberalizm akımları, kendi içlerinde de ortak iyinin ne olduğu konusunda
ayrılığa düşmektedirler. Ortak iyi tartışması, liberalizmin sadece siyasi bir çerçeve sunan
formel bir ideoloji mi olduğu, yoksa liberal bir ahlak teorisine sahip kapsamlı bir ideoloji
mi olduğu tartışmasıyla yakından ilişkilidir.

References

  • • ACKERMAN, Bruce. (1980) Social Justice in the Liberal State, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • • AĞAOĞULLARI, Mehmet Ali. (2014) “Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Halk Kendini Yaratıyor”, Batı’da Siyasal Düşünceler, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, ss. 569-596.
  • • ARENDT, Hannah (1994) İnsanlık Durumu, Bahadır Sina Şener (çev), İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  • • ARENDT, Hannah. (1990) On Revolutation, London: Penguin Books Press
  • • BELL, Daniel A. (2005) “A Communitarian Critique of Liberalism”, Analyse&Kritik, Cilt 27, Sayı 2, ss. 215–238.
  • • CALHOUN, Craig. (1991) “Morality, Identity, and Historical Explanation: Charles Taylor on the Sources of the Self”, Sociological Theory, Cilt 9, Sayı 2, ss. 232-263.
  • • D’ENTREVES, Maurizio Passerin. (1993) “Hannah Arendt ve Yurttaşlık Kavramı”, Ertuğrul Başer (çev), Birikim, Sayı 55, ss. 67-81.
  • • DWORKIN, Ronald. (1978a) “Public and Private Morality”, Liberalism, içinde Stuart Hampshire (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ss. 113-43.
  • • DWORKIN, Ronald. (1978b) Taking Rights Seriously, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
  • • GALSTON, William. (2002) Liberal Pluralism: the Implications of Value Pluralism for Political Theory and Practice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • GALSTON, William A. (1991) Liberal Purposes, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • GALSTON, William A. (1988) “Liberal Virtues”, The American Political Science Review, Cilt 82, Sayı. 4, ss. 1277-1290.
  • • GALSTON, William A. (1982) “Defending Liberalism”, The American Political Science Review, Cilt. 76, Sayı. 3), ss. 621-629.
  • • GALSTON, William. (1980) Justice And The Human Good, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • • HONOHAN, Iseult (2002) Civic Republicanism. New York: Routledge.
  • • İNCE, Halil Onur. (2013) “Hannah Arendt: Özgürlükçü Bir Cumhuriyetçilik Kuramına Doğru”, Res Publica: Platon’dan Skiner’a Antik ve Modern Düşünce, Armağan Öztürk (ed). Ankara: Doğu-Batı Yayınları, ss. 286-310.
  • • KALYVAS, Andreas&KATZNELSON, Ira. (2008) Liberal Beginnings: Making a Republic for the Moderns. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • KYMLICKA, Will, (2004) Çağdaş Siyaset Felsefesine Giriş, Ebru Kılış (çev). İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • • KYMLICKA, Will (1989) Liberalism, Community and Culture, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • • MACINTYRE, Alexandra. (2007) After Virtue: A study in Moral Theory, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press.
  • • MOUFFE, Chantal. (1992) “Democratic Citizenship And The Political Community”, Dimensions of Radical Democracy, içinde C. Mouffe (ed.), London: Verso.
  • • O’SULLIVAN, Noel. (1994) “Hannah Arendt: Eski Yunan Özlemi ve Endüstri Toplumu”, Çağdaş Siyaset Felsefecileri, A. De Crespigny&K.R.Minogue (ed), Ankara: Remzi Kitapevi, ss. 223-245.
  • • O’SULLIVAN, Noel. (1994) “Hannah Arendt: Eski Yunan Özlemi ve Endüstri Toplumu”, Çağdaş Siyaset Felsefecileri, A. De Crespigny&K.R. Minogue (ed). Ankara: Remzi Kitapevi, ss. 223-245.
  • • PATEMAN, Carol (1970) Participation and Democratic Theory, Cambridg: Cambridge University Press.
  • • PATTEN, Alan. (1996) “The Republican Critique of Liberalism”, British Journal of Political Science, cilt 26, Sayı 1, ss. 25-44.
  • • RAWLS, John. (1996) Political Liberalism, ABD: Columbia University Press
  • • RAWLS, John. (1971) A Theory of Justice, ABD: Harvard University Press.
  • • RAZ, Joseph. (1995) “Rights and politics”, Indiana Law Journal, Cilt 71, Sayı 1, ss. 27–44.
  • • RAZ, Joseph. (1986) The Morality of Freedom, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • • SANDEL, Michael (1982) Liberalism and The Limits of Justice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • SANDEL, Michael (1996) Democracy’s Discontent Amerika in Search of a Public Philosophy, Cambridge: Harward Üniversity Press.
  • • SKINNER, Quentin. (1984) “The idea of negative liberty: philosophical and historical perspectives”, Philosophy in History, Q. Skinner, R. Rorty, J. B. Schnegwind (eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
  • • SKINNER, Quentin. (1990) “The Republican Ideal of Political Liberty”, Machiavelli and Republicanism. Gisela Bock, Quentin Skinner & Maurizio Viroli (ed). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ss. 293-309.
  • • SKINNER, Quentin. (2002) Visions of Politics. Vol. 2: Renaissance virtues. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
  • • TAYLOR, Charles. (1979) Hegel and Modern Society, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • TAYLOR, Charles. (1989) “Cross-Purposes: Liberal-Communitarian Debate”, Liberalism and The Moral Life, Nacy Rosenblum (ed). Harvard University Press, ss. 159-182.
  • • TERCHEK, R. J. (1997) Republican Paradoxes and Liberal Anxieties, Lanham: Rowman
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Cennet Uslu This is me

Publication Date July 15, 2021
Submission Date May 18, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 73

Cite

APA Uslu, C. (2021). LİBERAL ORTAK İYİNİN CUMHURİYETÇİ ELEŞTİRİSİ ÜZERİNE. Felsefe Dünyası, 1(73), 47-70.