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ARİSTOTELES'İN YER ANALİZİ

Year 2021, Issue: 73, 88 - 104, 15.07.2021

Abstract

Bu yazı Aristoteles’in yer kavramına ve bu kavramın onun fiziksel ve kozmolojik sistemi
ile ilişkisine dair bir tartışma sunmaktadır. Aristoteles’in yer düşüncesinde hayati nokta
Platon, pisagorcular ve atomcuların yaptığı yeri uzaya indirgeyen tüm soyut tasavvurlara
karşıt olarak ilk-elden dünya tecrübemize doğrudan cevap veriyor olmasıdır. İçkin bir
düzen olarak Aristotelyen kozmos herşeyin kendi yerine sahip olduğu ya da kendi yerine
yöneldiği bir konumlar sistemidir. Bu düzen şeylere kendi yerlerini tahsis eder, onları bir
bütün içinde konumlandırır, yer ise burada somut varlıklar için bir sınırlama ve belirleme
ilkesi olarak işlev görür. Bu yer tasavvuru Platon, Öklid geometrisi, atomcular ve aynı
şekilde modern fizik tarafından tahayyül edilen ya da sayıltılanan homojen, belirsiz uzaya
derin bir şekilde zıtlık teşkil eder. Hiyerarşik olarak düzenlenmiş, dahili olarak işleyen bir
kozmos dünyanın heterojen bir topografya, sıkı bir şekilde haritalanmış bir arazi olmasını
talep eder. Böyle bir dünyada hareket de yere izafeten, yani, herşeyden önce, gaye-yönelimli
bir süreç olarak düşünülmelidir.

References

  • • Algra, Keimpe. (1995) Concepts of Space in Greek Thought, Leiden: Brill.
  • • Apel, Karl-Otto. (2005) “Güncel Bir Kant Dönüşümünün Temel Perspektifi Olarak Aşkınsal-Pragmatik Düşünüm”, çev. Şebnem Sunar, Cogito, sayı: 41-42.
  • • Aristotle. (1984/1995) The Complete Works of Aristotle, ed. J. Barnes, Volumes I and II, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • • Broadie, Sarah. (2009), “Heavenly Bodies and First Causes”, in A Companion to Aristotle içinde, ed. Georgios Anagnostopoulos (Blackwell Publishing).
  • • Casey, Edward S. (1996), The Fate of Place: A Philosophical History, California: University of California Press.
  • • --- (1993), Getting Back into Place, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • • Cornford, F. M. (1936), “The Invention of Space”, in Essays in Honour of Gilbert Murray, London: Allen and Unwin.
  • • Duhem, Pierre. (1985), Medieval Cosmology, çev. Roger Ariew, Chicago: Chicago University Press.
  • • Huffman, Carl. (2005), Archytas of Tarentum: Pythagorean, Philosopher, Mathematician King, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • Husserl, E. ([1938] 1970), The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology: An Introduction to Phenomenological Philosophy, çev. David Carr, Evanston: Northwestern University Press.
  • • Koyré, Alexandre. (1957), From the Closed World to the Infinite Universe, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press.
  • • Lang, Helen S. (1998), The Order of Nature in Aristotle’s Physics: Place and the Elements, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • Matthen M. ve Hankinson R. J. (1993), “Aristotle’s Universe: Its Form and Matter”, Synthese, vol. 96, no. 3.
  • • Machomer, Peter K. (1978) “Aristotle on Natural Place and Natural Motion”, Isis, vol. 69, no. 3.
  • • McGinnis, Jon. (2006) “A Penetrating Question in the History of Ideas: Space, Dimensionality and Interpenetration in the Thought of Avicenna”, Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, vol. 16.
  • • Torretti, Roberto. (1998), “Space”, in Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, version 1.0, London and New York.
  • • White, M. J. (2009), “Aristotle on the Infinite, Space and Time”, in A Companion to Aristotle içinde, ed. Georgios Anagnostopoulos, London: Blackwell Publishing.

Aristotle’s Analysis of Topos

Year 2021, Issue: 73, 88 - 104, 15.07.2021

Abstract

This paper presents a discussion of Aristotle’s notion of place and its relation to his physical
and cosmological system. The crucial point in Aristotle’s view of place is the fact
that it responds directly to our first-hand experience of the world as opposed to all sorts
of abstract presentations that reduce place to space as done by Plato, Pythogoreans and
Atomists. Aristotelian cosmos as an inherent order is a system of locations where everything
has its own place or moves to its own place. This order assigns things to their
proper places, allocates them in a whole, while place in its turn functions as a principle of
delimitation and determination for concrete things, a notion which is deeply at odds with
homogenous indeterminate space imagined or presupposed by Plato, Euclidian geometry,
Atomists as well as by the modern physics. A hierarchically ordered, internally operating
cosmos demands the world to be a heterogenous topography, a strictly chartered territory.
Movement in such a world is to be thought in relation to place, i.e. as, first of all, a goal-
directed process.

References

  • • Algra, Keimpe. (1995) Concepts of Space in Greek Thought, Leiden: Brill.
  • • Apel, Karl-Otto. (2005) “Güncel Bir Kant Dönüşümünün Temel Perspektifi Olarak Aşkınsal-Pragmatik Düşünüm”, çev. Şebnem Sunar, Cogito, sayı: 41-42.
  • • Aristotle. (1984/1995) The Complete Works of Aristotle, ed. J. Barnes, Volumes I and II, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • • Broadie, Sarah. (2009), “Heavenly Bodies and First Causes”, in A Companion to Aristotle içinde, ed. Georgios Anagnostopoulos (Blackwell Publishing).
  • • Casey, Edward S. (1996), The Fate of Place: A Philosophical History, California: University of California Press.
  • • --- (1993), Getting Back into Place, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • • Cornford, F. M. (1936), “The Invention of Space”, in Essays in Honour of Gilbert Murray, London: Allen and Unwin.
  • • Duhem, Pierre. (1985), Medieval Cosmology, çev. Roger Ariew, Chicago: Chicago University Press.
  • • Huffman, Carl. (2005), Archytas of Tarentum: Pythagorean, Philosopher, Mathematician King, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • Husserl, E. ([1938] 1970), The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology: An Introduction to Phenomenological Philosophy, çev. David Carr, Evanston: Northwestern University Press.
  • • Koyré, Alexandre. (1957), From the Closed World to the Infinite Universe, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press.
  • • Lang, Helen S. (1998), The Order of Nature in Aristotle’s Physics: Place and the Elements, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • • Matthen M. ve Hankinson R. J. (1993), “Aristotle’s Universe: Its Form and Matter”, Synthese, vol. 96, no. 3.
  • • Machomer, Peter K. (1978) “Aristotle on Natural Place and Natural Motion”, Isis, vol. 69, no. 3.
  • • McGinnis, Jon. (2006) “A Penetrating Question in the History of Ideas: Space, Dimensionality and Interpenetration in the Thought of Avicenna”, Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, vol. 16.
  • • Torretti, Roberto. (1998), “Space”, in Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, version 1.0, London and New York.
  • • White, M. J. (2009), “Aristotle on the Infinite, Space and Time”, in A Companion to Aristotle içinde, ed. Georgios Anagnostopoulos, London: Blackwell Publishing.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Musa Duman This is me

Publication Date July 15, 2021
Submission Date February 1, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 73

Cite

APA Duman, M. (2021). ARİSTOTELES’İN YER ANALİZİ. Felsefe Dünyası, 1(73), 88-104.