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RUSSELLCI MONİZM: MADDENİN İÇSEL NİTELİĞİ OLARAK BİLİNÇ

Year 2025, Issue: 41, 367 - 390, 15.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1731270

Abstract

Bu çalışma, çağdaş zihin felsefesinde giderek daha fazla teorik gerilim üreten ve temelde “bilincin ontolojik statüsünü belirleme” probleminde düğümlenen metafiziksel krizi ve bu krize yanıt niteliğinde alternatif bir ontolojik çerçeve öneren Russellcı Monizmi merkeze almaktadır. Bertrand Russell’ın yapısalcı fizik anlayışı, içsel nitelikler tezi ve bu niteliklerin fenomenal deneyimle ilişkisi kuramın temel dayanaklarını oluşturur. Bilincin fenomenal doğasını maddenin içsel nitelikleriyle ilişkilendiren bu kuram, çağdaş zihin felsefesinde giderek daha fazla ilgi görmekte; indirgemeci fizikalizm ve düalizmin karşı karşıya kaldığı açmazları aşan, bilincin doğasına dair sezgilerle uyumlu, kapsayıcı ve bütüncül bir ontolojik perspektif olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Çalışmada Russellcı Monizmin, kurucu tezlerinin yanı sıra, panpsişist, panprotopsişist ve indirgemeci olmayan fizikalist versiyonları da ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca kuramın güçlü ve zayıf yönleri mevcut tespit ve eleştirilerden hareketle tartışılmaktadır.

Thanks

Editörlere emekleri için teşekkür ederim.

References

  • Alter, Torin ve Yujin Nagasawa. “Editors’ Introduction”. İçinde Consciousness in the Physical World Perspectives on Russellian Monism. Editörler Torin Alter ve Yujin Nagasawa, 1-16, New York: Oxford University Press, 2015.
  • Alter, Torin ve Yujin Nagasawa. “What Is Russellian Monism?”. Journal Of Consciousness Studies, 19, No. 9–10, (2012): 67–95.
  • Chalmers, David. “The Combination Problem for Panpsychism”. İçinde Panpsychism: Contemporary Perspectives. Editörler Ludwig Jaskolla ve Godehard Bruntrup, 179-214, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.
  • Chalmers, David. The Character of Consciousness. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.
  • Chalmers, David. The Conscious Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.
  • Chalmers, David. “Bilinç Problemiyle Yüzleşmek”. Phainomena, no 2 (2020): 103-139.
  • Chalmers, David. Bilinçli Zihin. Çeviren. Gülay Erol. Ankara: Fol Yayıncılık, 2024.
  • Churchland, M. Paul. “Eliminative Materialism and the Propositional Attitudes”. The Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 78, No. 2 (1981): 67-90.
  • Clarke, Randolph. “Freedom of the Will”. İçinde The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Mind. Editörler. Stephen P. Stich ve Ted A. Warfield, 369-404, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2003.
  • Goff, Philip. Galileo's Error: Foundations for a New Science of Consciousness. New York: Penguin, 2019.
  • Guthrie, W. K. C.. Yunan Felsefe Tarihi: Sokrates Öncesi İlk Filozoflar ve Pythagorasçılar. Çeviren. Ergün Akça. İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi, 2011.
  • Heil, John. Zihin Felsefesi Çağdaş Bir Giriş. Çevirenler. S. Akbıyık, M. Bilgili. İstanbul: Küre Yayınları, 2020.
  • James, William. The Principles of Psychology. London: Macmillan&Co, 1891.
  • Kind, Amy. “Pessimism about Russellian Monism”. İçinde Consciousness in the Physical World Perspectives on Russellian Monism. Editörler Torin Alter ve Yujin Nagasawa, 401-421, New York: Oxford University Press, 2015.
  • Koyré, Alexandre. Yeniçağ Biliminin Doğuşu. Çeviren. Kurtuluş Dinçer. Ankara: Gündoğan Yayıncılık, 2000.
  • Lange, F. Albert. Materyalizmin Tarihi ve Günümüzdeki Anlamının Eleştirisi Cilt 1-2. Çeviren. Ahmet Arslan. Bursa: Sentez Yayıncılık, 2016.
  • Levine, Joseph. “Materialism and Qualia: The Explanatory Gap”, Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, no 64 (1983): 354-61.
  • Macdonald, Paul. History of the Concept of Mind. Burlington: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2004.
  • Melnyk. Andrew. “Physicalism”. İçinde The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Mind. Editörler. Stephen P. Stich ve Ted A. Warfield, 65-84, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2003.
  • Nagel, Thomas. “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?”. The Philosophical Review, no 83-4 (1974): 435-50.
  • Pereboom, Derk. “Russellian Monism and Absolutely Intrinsic Properties”. İçinde Current Controversies in Philosophy of Mind. Editör Uriah Kriegel, 40-69, New York: Routledge, 2014.
  • Pitts, J. Brian. “Conservation Laws and the Philosophy of Mind: Opening the Black Box, Finding a Mirror”, Philosophia, no 48, (2020): 673–676.
  • Putnam, Hilary. “Minds and Machines”. İçinde Dimensions Of Mind: A Symposium. Editör. Syndey Hook, 138-164, New York: New York University Press, 1960.
  • Revonsuo, Antti. Bilinç: Öznelliğin Bilimi. Çeviren Selim Değirmenci, İstanbul: Küre Yayınları, 2016.
  • Russell, Bertrand. My Philosophical Development, London: Routledge, 1995.
  • Russell, Bertrand. Zihnin Analizi, çeviren. H. Kayıkçı, A. Özcan, Ankara: Fol Kitap, 2023,.
  • Russell, Bertrand. The Analysis of Matter, Cornwall: Routledge, 1992.
  • Russell, Bertrand. “Excerpts from Russell’s Books”. İçinde Consciousness in the Physical World Perspectives on Russellian Monism, editörler Torin Alter ve Yujin Nagasawa, 29-57, New York: Oxford University Press, 2015.
  • Searle, John. Bilincin Gizemi. Çeviren İlknur Karagöz İçyüz, İstanbul: Küre Yayınları, 2018.
  • Strawson, Galen. “Realistic Monism: Why Physicalism Entails Panpsychism”. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 13(10–11) (2006): 3–31.
  • West, David. Kıta Avrupası Felsefesine Giriş. Çeviren. Ahmet Cevizci. İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları, 1998.
  • Westphal, Jonathan. Zihin-Beden Problemi. Çeviren. S. Tuncer Erdem. İstanbul: Pan Yayıncılık, 2017.
  • Zeller, Eduard. Grek Felsefesi Tarihi. Çeviren. Ahmet Aydoğan. İstanbul: Say Yayınları, 2008.
  • İnternet Kaynakları
  • “Origin and history of crisis”. Erişim tarihi: Haziran 4, 2025. https://www.etymonline.com/word/crisis. Alter, Torin ve Derk Pereboom. "Russellian Monism". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2023 Edition), editörler Edward N. Zalta ve Uri Nodelman, Erişim tarihi: Mayıs 16, 2025. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2023/entries /russellian–monism.
  • Goff, Philip, William Seager ve Sean Allen-Hermanson. "Panpsychism". İçinde The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2022 Edition), editör Edward N. Zalta. Erişim Tarihi Mayıs 3, 2025. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/ sum2022/entries/panpsychism/>.
  • Levin, Janet. "Functionalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward N. Zalta & Uri Nodelman (eds.). Erişim Tarihi: Haziran 21, 2025, https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2023/entries/functionalism.
  • Pautz, Adam. “A Dillemma For Russellian Monists About Consciousness”, 2015, Erişim tarihi: Ağustos 21, 2025. https://philpapers.org/archive/PAUCRM.pdf.

RUSSELLIAN MONISM: CONSCIOUSNESS AS THE INTRINSIC PROPERTY OF MATTER

Year 2025, Issue: 41, 367 - 390, 15.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1731270

Abstract

This study focuses on the metaphysical crisis in contemporary philosophy of mind, which has produced increasing theoretical tension and is essentially centered on the problem of “determining the ontological status of consciousness”, and Russellian Monism, which proposes an alternative ontological framework in response to this crisis. Bertrand Russell's structuralist conception of physics, the thesis of intrinsic qualities and their relation to phenomenal experience constitute the main pillars of the theory. This theory, which relates the phenomenal nature of consciousness to the intrinsic qualities of matter, has been attracting increasing attention in contemporary philosophy of mind, has gained recognition as an inclusive and holistic ontological perspective that overcomes the dilemmas faced by reductionist physicalism and dualism and is compatible with intuitions about the nature of consciousness. In addition to the founding arguments of Russellian Monism, panpsychist, panprotopsychist and non-reductionist physicalist versions are also discussed in the study. In addition, the strong and weak aspects of the theory are discussed based on the current determinations and criticisms.

References

  • Alter, Torin ve Yujin Nagasawa. “Editors’ Introduction”. İçinde Consciousness in the Physical World Perspectives on Russellian Monism. Editörler Torin Alter ve Yujin Nagasawa, 1-16, New York: Oxford University Press, 2015.
  • Alter, Torin ve Yujin Nagasawa. “What Is Russellian Monism?”. Journal Of Consciousness Studies, 19, No. 9–10, (2012): 67–95.
  • Chalmers, David. “The Combination Problem for Panpsychism”. İçinde Panpsychism: Contemporary Perspectives. Editörler Ludwig Jaskolla ve Godehard Bruntrup, 179-214, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.
  • Chalmers, David. The Character of Consciousness. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.
  • Chalmers, David. The Conscious Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.
  • Chalmers, David. “Bilinç Problemiyle Yüzleşmek”. Phainomena, no 2 (2020): 103-139.
  • Chalmers, David. Bilinçli Zihin. Çeviren. Gülay Erol. Ankara: Fol Yayıncılık, 2024.
  • Churchland, M. Paul. “Eliminative Materialism and the Propositional Attitudes”. The Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 78, No. 2 (1981): 67-90.
  • Clarke, Randolph. “Freedom of the Will”. İçinde The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Mind. Editörler. Stephen P. Stich ve Ted A. Warfield, 369-404, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2003.
  • Goff, Philip. Galileo's Error: Foundations for a New Science of Consciousness. New York: Penguin, 2019.
  • Guthrie, W. K. C.. Yunan Felsefe Tarihi: Sokrates Öncesi İlk Filozoflar ve Pythagorasçılar. Çeviren. Ergün Akça. İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi, 2011.
  • Heil, John. Zihin Felsefesi Çağdaş Bir Giriş. Çevirenler. S. Akbıyık, M. Bilgili. İstanbul: Küre Yayınları, 2020.
  • James, William. The Principles of Psychology. London: Macmillan&Co, 1891.
  • Kind, Amy. “Pessimism about Russellian Monism”. İçinde Consciousness in the Physical World Perspectives on Russellian Monism. Editörler Torin Alter ve Yujin Nagasawa, 401-421, New York: Oxford University Press, 2015.
  • Koyré, Alexandre. Yeniçağ Biliminin Doğuşu. Çeviren. Kurtuluş Dinçer. Ankara: Gündoğan Yayıncılık, 2000.
  • Lange, F. Albert. Materyalizmin Tarihi ve Günümüzdeki Anlamının Eleştirisi Cilt 1-2. Çeviren. Ahmet Arslan. Bursa: Sentez Yayıncılık, 2016.
  • Levine, Joseph. “Materialism and Qualia: The Explanatory Gap”, Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, no 64 (1983): 354-61.
  • Macdonald, Paul. History of the Concept of Mind. Burlington: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2004.
  • Melnyk. Andrew. “Physicalism”. İçinde The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Mind. Editörler. Stephen P. Stich ve Ted A. Warfield, 65-84, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2003.
  • Nagel, Thomas. “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?”. The Philosophical Review, no 83-4 (1974): 435-50.
  • Pereboom, Derk. “Russellian Monism and Absolutely Intrinsic Properties”. İçinde Current Controversies in Philosophy of Mind. Editör Uriah Kriegel, 40-69, New York: Routledge, 2014.
  • Pitts, J. Brian. “Conservation Laws and the Philosophy of Mind: Opening the Black Box, Finding a Mirror”, Philosophia, no 48, (2020): 673–676.
  • Putnam, Hilary. “Minds and Machines”. İçinde Dimensions Of Mind: A Symposium. Editör. Syndey Hook, 138-164, New York: New York University Press, 1960.
  • Revonsuo, Antti. Bilinç: Öznelliğin Bilimi. Çeviren Selim Değirmenci, İstanbul: Küre Yayınları, 2016.
  • Russell, Bertrand. My Philosophical Development, London: Routledge, 1995.
  • Russell, Bertrand. Zihnin Analizi, çeviren. H. Kayıkçı, A. Özcan, Ankara: Fol Kitap, 2023,.
  • Russell, Bertrand. The Analysis of Matter, Cornwall: Routledge, 1992.
  • Russell, Bertrand. “Excerpts from Russell’s Books”. İçinde Consciousness in the Physical World Perspectives on Russellian Monism, editörler Torin Alter ve Yujin Nagasawa, 29-57, New York: Oxford University Press, 2015.
  • Searle, John. Bilincin Gizemi. Çeviren İlknur Karagöz İçyüz, İstanbul: Küre Yayınları, 2018.
  • Strawson, Galen. “Realistic Monism: Why Physicalism Entails Panpsychism”. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 13(10–11) (2006): 3–31.
  • West, David. Kıta Avrupası Felsefesine Giriş. Çeviren. Ahmet Cevizci. İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları, 1998.
  • Westphal, Jonathan. Zihin-Beden Problemi. Çeviren. S. Tuncer Erdem. İstanbul: Pan Yayıncılık, 2017.
  • Zeller, Eduard. Grek Felsefesi Tarihi. Çeviren. Ahmet Aydoğan. İstanbul: Say Yayınları, 2008.
  • İnternet Kaynakları
  • “Origin and history of crisis”. Erişim tarihi: Haziran 4, 2025. https://www.etymonline.com/word/crisis. Alter, Torin ve Derk Pereboom. "Russellian Monism". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2023 Edition), editörler Edward N. Zalta ve Uri Nodelman, Erişim tarihi: Mayıs 16, 2025. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2023/entries /russellian–monism.
  • Goff, Philip, William Seager ve Sean Allen-Hermanson. "Panpsychism". İçinde The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2022 Edition), editör Edward N. Zalta. Erişim Tarihi Mayıs 3, 2025. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/ sum2022/entries/panpsychism/>.
  • Levin, Janet. "Functionalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward N. Zalta & Uri Nodelman (eds.). Erişim Tarihi: Haziran 21, 2025, https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2023/entries/functionalism.
  • Pautz, Adam. “A Dillemma For Russellian Monists About Consciousness”, 2015, Erişim tarihi: Ağustos 21, 2025. https://philpapers.org/archive/PAUCRM.pdf.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Ontology, 21st Century Philosophy
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Zeynep Berke 0000-0002-1389-597X

Submission Date June 30, 2025
Acceptance Date August 28, 2025
Publication Date September 15, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 41

Cite

Chicago Berke, Zeynep. “RUSSELLCI MONİZM: MADDENİN İÇSEL NİTELİĞİ OLARAK BİLİNÇ”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 41 (September 2025): 367-90. https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1731270.

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