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A Discussion on the Problem of Woman in Plato

Year 2014, Issue: 18, 205 - 230, 01.12.2014

Abstract

The status of women within the guardian class in the fifth book of Politeia raises some questions about Plato’s thinking on women. Considering the position of women in Athens in fifth century BC, some argue that Plato was a protofeminist or had adopted on egalitarian attitude. However, when the philosopher is evaluated in a more comprehensive way, it is possible to argue that he did not put forward a philosophical view on the relations between men and women within the context of the principle of equality and granted a place to women within guardian class with a view to ensuring the continuity of kallipolis. Therefore in oreder to illuminate Plato’s view on women it is neccesary to examine different aspects of his thought. In this article, Plato’s outlook on women will be subject to three-step evaluation by considering social life of women in philosopher’s era, the position given to women in the Politeia and his views on the women in other dialogues. Thus the discussions will focus on whether Plato is egalitarian or protofeminist, or whether he gets involved in antifeminist tradition as a philosopher who cannot separate himself from traditional thought or not. As a result of all of these debates, the reason why Plato makes room for women in kallipolis will be elucidated

References

  • Allen, Christine Garside. “Plato on Women”, Feminist Studies, Vol 2, No. 2/3, USA: Feminist Studies Inc., 1975, ss. 131-138.
  • Annas, Julia. “Plato’s ‘Republic’ and Feminism”, Philosophy, Vol 51, No. 197, Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal Institute of Philosophy, 1976, ss. 307-321.
  • Annas, Julia. An Introduction to Plato’s Republic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2009.
  • Bloom, Allen. The Republic of PlatoTranslated With Notes And An Interpretive Essay, New York: Basic Books, 1991.
  • Blundell, Sue, Women in Ancient Greece, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1995.
  • Buchan, Morag. Women in Plato’s Political Theory, Great Britain: Routhledge, 1999.
  • Calvert, Brian. “Plato and the Equality of Women”, Phoenix, Vol. 29, No. 3, Canada: Classical Association of Canada, 1975, ss. 1-43.
  • Lucas, J. R. “Because You Are a Woman”, Philosophy içinde, Vol. 48 No. 184, Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal Institute of Philosophy, 1973, ss. 161-171.
  • McKeen, Catherine. “Why Women Must Guard and Rule in Plato’s Kallipolis” Pasific Philosophical Quarterly 87, USA: University of Southern Califronia and Blackwell Publ., 2006, ss. 527-548.
  • Olugbade, Kola. “Women in Plato’s Republic”, The Indian Journal of Political Science, Vol.50, No. 4, Indian Political Science Assoc. Publ., 1989, ss. 503-518.
  • Pierce, Christine. “Republic V”, The Monist, Vol. 57, No. 1, Women’s Liberation: Ethical, Social, and Political Issue, 1973, ss. 1-11.
  • Plato “Menon (Meno)”, Laches, Protagoras, Meno, Eutydemus, çev. W. R. M. Lamb, Cambridge: Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 2006, ss. 359-371.
  • Plato, “Phaidros (Phaedrus)”, Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo, Phaedrus, çev. Harold North Fowler, Cambridge: Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 1914, ss. 405-579.
  • Plato, “Timaios (Timaeus)”, Timaeus, Critias, Cleitophon, Menexenus, Epistles, çev. R. G. Bury,Cambridge: Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 1929. ss. 3-252.
  • Plato, Politeia (The Republic) vol I, çev. Paul Shorey, Cambridge:Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 1963.
  • Plato, Politeia (The Republic) vol. II, çev. Paul Shorey, Cambridge: Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 1963.
  • Platon, Yasalar (Nomoi) Cilt I, çev. Candan Şentuna, Saffet Babür, İstanbul: Kabalcı yay., 1998.
  • Platon, Yasalar (Nomoi) Cilt II, çev. Candan Şentuna, Saffet Babür, İstanbul: Kabalcı yay., 1998.
  • Reeve, C. D. C. Philosopher-Kings, Indianapolis/Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company Inc., 2006.
  • Saxonhouse, Arlene W. “The Philosopher and The Female in the Political Thought of Plato”, Political Theory, Vol. 4, No. 2, Sage Publications. 1976, ss. 195-212
  • Thucydides, History of Peloponnesian War Vol I, UK: Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 1956.
  • Vlastos, Gregory. “Was Plato Feminist?” Feminist Interpretations of Plato, edt. Nancy Tuana, USA: Pennsylvania State University, 1994, ss. 11- 23.

PLATON’DA KADIN SORUNU ÜZERİNE BİR TARTIŞMA

Year 2014, Issue: 18, 205 - 230, 01.12.2014

Abstract

Platon’un Politiea’nın V. kitabıyla birlikte koruyucular sınıfı içinde kadınlara vermiş olduğu yer, düşünürün kadınlarla ilgili düşüncesini tartışma konusu haline getirmektedir. MÖ V. yüzyıl Atina’sında kadının konumu göz önüne alındığında, kimi yorumcular Platon’un protofeminist olduğunu veya egaliteryan bir tutum sergilediğini öne sürse de, düşünür farklı açılardan değerlendirildiğinde, onun aslında kadın-erkek eşitliği üzerinden felsefi bir görüş ortaya koymadığı ve kallipolisin devamlılığını sağlama çabasıyla kadınlara koruyucular sınıfı içinde yer verdiği iddia edilebilir. Bu çerçevede Platon’un kadına ilişkin bakış açısını aydınlatabilmek için onun görüşlerinin farklı açılardan bir değerlendirilmesinin yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada da Platon’un kadınlarla ilgili görüşü, hem düşünürün yaşadığı dönemdeki kadınların toplumsal pozisyonu, hem Politeia diyaloğunda filozofun kadına vermiş olduğu yer, hem de diğer diyaloglarında kadınları ne şekilde ele aldığı göz önüne alınmak koşuluyla üç aşamalı bir değerlendirmeye tabi olacaktır. Böylece Platon’un egaliteryan ya da protofeminist olup olmadığına veya geleneksel düşünceden bir türlü kopamayan bir filozof olarak anti-feminist gelenek içinde yer alıp almadığına ilişkin tartışmalara açıklık getirilecek ve bütün bu tartışmaların sonucu olarak Platon’un kadınlara kallipoliste yer verme çabasının gerekçeleri de ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır

References

  • Allen, Christine Garside. “Plato on Women”, Feminist Studies, Vol 2, No. 2/3, USA: Feminist Studies Inc., 1975, ss. 131-138.
  • Annas, Julia. “Plato’s ‘Republic’ and Feminism”, Philosophy, Vol 51, No. 197, Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal Institute of Philosophy, 1976, ss. 307-321.
  • Annas, Julia. An Introduction to Plato’s Republic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2009.
  • Bloom, Allen. The Republic of PlatoTranslated With Notes And An Interpretive Essay, New York: Basic Books, 1991.
  • Blundell, Sue, Women in Ancient Greece, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1995.
  • Buchan, Morag. Women in Plato’s Political Theory, Great Britain: Routhledge, 1999.
  • Calvert, Brian. “Plato and the Equality of Women”, Phoenix, Vol. 29, No. 3, Canada: Classical Association of Canada, 1975, ss. 1-43.
  • Lucas, J. R. “Because You Are a Woman”, Philosophy içinde, Vol. 48 No. 184, Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal Institute of Philosophy, 1973, ss. 161-171.
  • McKeen, Catherine. “Why Women Must Guard and Rule in Plato’s Kallipolis” Pasific Philosophical Quarterly 87, USA: University of Southern Califronia and Blackwell Publ., 2006, ss. 527-548.
  • Olugbade, Kola. “Women in Plato’s Republic”, The Indian Journal of Political Science, Vol.50, No. 4, Indian Political Science Assoc. Publ., 1989, ss. 503-518.
  • Pierce, Christine. “Republic V”, The Monist, Vol. 57, No. 1, Women’s Liberation: Ethical, Social, and Political Issue, 1973, ss. 1-11.
  • Plato “Menon (Meno)”, Laches, Protagoras, Meno, Eutydemus, çev. W. R. M. Lamb, Cambridge: Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 2006, ss. 359-371.
  • Plato, “Phaidros (Phaedrus)”, Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo, Phaedrus, çev. Harold North Fowler, Cambridge: Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 1914, ss. 405-579.
  • Plato, “Timaios (Timaeus)”, Timaeus, Critias, Cleitophon, Menexenus, Epistles, çev. R. G. Bury,Cambridge: Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 1929. ss. 3-252.
  • Plato, Politeia (The Republic) vol I, çev. Paul Shorey, Cambridge:Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 1963.
  • Plato, Politeia (The Republic) vol. II, çev. Paul Shorey, Cambridge: Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 1963.
  • Platon, Yasalar (Nomoi) Cilt I, çev. Candan Şentuna, Saffet Babür, İstanbul: Kabalcı yay., 1998.
  • Platon, Yasalar (Nomoi) Cilt II, çev. Candan Şentuna, Saffet Babür, İstanbul: Kabalcı yay., 1998.
  • Reeve, C. D. C. Philosopher-Kings, Indianapolis/Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company Inc., 2006.
  • Saxonhouse, Arlene W. “The Philosopher and The Female in the Political Thought of Plato”, Political Theory, Vol. 4, No. 2, Sage Publications. 1976, ss. 195-212
  • Thucydides, History of Peloponnesian War Vol I, UK: Harvard University Press (Loeb Classical Library), 1956.
  • Vlastos, Gregory. “Was Plato Feminist?” Feminist Interpretations of Plato, edt. Nancy Tuana, USA: Pennsylvania State University, 1994, ss. 11- 23.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Nihal Petek Boyacı This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Issue: 18

Cite

Chicago Boyacı, Nihal Petek. “PLATON’DA KADIN SORUNU ÜZERİNE BİR TARTIŞMA”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 18 (December 2014): 205-30.

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