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THE CONTEMPORARY DEBATES ABOUT OBJECTS: A NON-REDUCTIONIST ALTERNATIVE

Year 2020, Issue: 30, 279 - 296, 10.12.2020

Abstract

Analytic philosophy made a metaphysical turn after mid 20th century and metaphysics/ontology became one of the important, main areas of analytic philosophy. This metaphysical turn started with an critical approach to some of the main themes of classical philosophy (for example, universals, substance etc.) and still goes on with contemporary debates. In these debates the place of the ontological status of objects became one of the leading issues.
In this paper we reveal the Eliminative and Non-Reductive approaches mainly and then refute the arguments of Eliminative approaches and defend Non-Reductivism. This examination was made by the discussions about the Special Composition Problem. As a conclusion of this paper, it was revealed that the object is composed of its parts but formed as a new, non-reductive individual.

References

  • Baker Lynne Rudder, A Metaphysics of Everyday Life, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
  • Baker Lynne Rudder, “A Metaphysics of Ordinary Things and Why We Need It”, Philosophy, 83, 2008, pp. 5-24,
  • Denkel Arda, Nesne ve Doğası, İstanbul: Doruk Yayımcılık, 2003.
  • J. L. Austin, Sense and Sensibilia: Reconstructed from the Manuscript Notes by C.J. Warnock, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1962.
  • Loux Michael J., Metaphysics: a contemporary introduction, New York: Routledge, 2006.
  • Lowe E. J., “How Are Ordinary Objects Possible?”, The Monist, vol.88, no.4, pp. 510-533.
  • Markosian Ned, “Brutal Composition”, Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, Vol. 92, No. 3, 1998, pp. 211-249.
  • Merricks Trenton, Objects and Persons, New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Thomasson Amie L., Ordinary Objects, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
  • Unger Peter, “There Are No Ordinary Things”, Synthese, Vol. 41, No. 2 (Jun., 1979), s. 117-154.
  • Van Inwagen Peter, Material Beings, New York: Cornell University Press, 1990.
  • İnternet Kaynakları: Korman Daniel Z., “Ordinary Objects”, (Çevrimiçi) SEP, ed.: E. N. Zalta, http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2011/entries/ordinary-objects/, 17 Haziran 2020.

ÇAĞDAŞ NESNE TARTIŞMALARI: İNDİRGENEMEZCİ BİR ALTERNATİF

Year 2020, Issue: 30, 279 - 296, 10.12.2020

Abstract

Analitik Felsefe 20. yy’ın ikinci yarısından itibaren bir dönüşüm yaşamış ve günümüzde klasik metafiziğin bazı konularını (örneğin tümeller, töz vb.) gündemine almıştır. Güncel ontoloji tartışmaları içerisinde de nesnelerin yeri önemli bir tartışma başlığı olmuştur.
Bu çalışmada analitik ontolojideki nesne tartışmalarında iki karşıt görüş olan Saf Dışı Bırakıcı Görüşler ve İndirgemeci Olmayan Görüşler incelenecek ve İndirgenemezcilik lehine argümanlar ortaya konacaktır. Nesne tartışmaları içindeyse özellikle tek bir başlık üzerinde durulacaktır: Özel bileşim sorunu. İlgili sorunun ve olası cevapların incelenmesiyle bileşim durumlarında bir nesnenin oluşması ve neden oluşturucularına indirgenemez yeni bir varolan olarak ortaya çıktığı üzerinde durulacaktır. Bu sayede her türden nesnenin bireyselliğinin olduğunu savunmanın yolları ve bu savununun bir ontoloji ortaya koymaya olan katkıları sergilenebilecektir.

References

  • Baker Lynne Rudder, A Metaphysics of Everyday Life, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
  • Baker Lynne Rudder, “A Metaphysics of Ordinary Things and Why We Need It”, Philosophy, 83, 2008, pp. 5-24,
  • Denkel Arda, Nesne ve Doğası, İstanbul: Doruk Yayımcılık, 2003.
  • J. L. Austin, Sense and Sensibilia: Reconstructed from the Manuscript Notes by C.J. Warnock, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1962.
  • Loux Michael J., Metaphysics: a contemporary introduction, New York: Routledge, 2006.
  • Lowe E. J., “How Are Ordinary Objects Possible?”, The Monist, vol.88, no.4, pp. 510-533.
  • Markosian Ned, “Brutal Composition”, Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, Vol. 92, No. 3, 1998, pp. 211-249.
  • Merricks Trenton, Objects and Persons, New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Thomasson Amie L., Ordinary Objects, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
  • Unger Peter, “There Are No Ordinary Things”, Synthese, Vol. 41, No. 2 (Jun., 1979), s. 117-154.
  • Van Inwagen Peter, Material Beings, New York: Cornell University Press, 1990.
  • İnternet Kaynakları: Korman Daniel Z., “Ordinary Objects”, (Çevrimiçi) SEP, ed.: E. N. Zalta, http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2011/entries/ordinary-objects/, 17 Haziran 2020.
There are 12 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Egemen Seyfettin Kuşcu

Publication Date December 10, 2020
Submission Date September 8, 2020
Acceptance Date November 1, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 30

Cite

Chicago Kuşcu, Egemen Seyfettin. “ÇAĞDAŞ NESNE TARTIŞMALARI: İNDİRGENEMEZCİ BİR ALTERNATİF”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 30 (December 2020): 279-96.

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