When Organs Begin to Talk: Debate of Organs in Hebrew and Turkish Literatures and Receb Vahyî’s The Debate of Human Organs

Year 2019, , 251 - 284, 26.06.2019

Şeyma Benli

https://doi.org/10.16947/fsmia.582336

Abstract

There are many texts in the world literature in which the organs are personified and

discussed with each other. Four works, three in Hebrew and one in Turkish, were identified

entrated the supremacy battle of organs to each other. The first of these passes in Midrash

Tehillim (IX-XIth century CE). The second and third ones belong to Abraham Ibn

Ezra and Yom Tov Soriano who both lived in Spain in the XIIth and XVth centuries CE,

respectively. The last one is Münâzara-i A‘zâ-yı Beşer (The Debate of Human Organs)

published firstly in a special issue of Tercümân-ı Hakîkat and Servet-i Fünûn journals in

1895/6 and then in Cerîde-i Sûfiyye in 1914 by an Ottoman soldier, Receb Vahyî. In this

article, the fables, which is the probable source of the idea of personification of organs,

has been examined. Then the debates have been introduced and compared with each other

in terms of form and content. Finally, Vahyî’s work has been published. As a result of

analysing, it has been seen that the aim of writing were an important element in achieving

the originality. It has been explained that how achieve originality the same theme works

due to their different writing aims as well as how resemble the works each other because

of their same writing purpose even if they were written in different linguistic, religious

and cultural geographies

Keywords

Receb Vahyî, Yom Tov Soriano, Abraham Ibn Ezra, Midrash Tehillim, debate, organ

Organlar Dile Gelince: İbrani ve Türk Edebiyatlarında Organların Münazarası ve Receb Vahyî’nin Münâzara-i A‘zâ-yı Beşer’i

Abstract

Dünya edebiyatında organların kişileştirilerek birbirleriyle tartıştırıldığı pek çok

metin bulunmaktadır. Bunların içerisinde organların birbirlerine karşı mutlak üstünlük

iddiasında bulunmalarını işleyen, üçü İbranice, biri Türkçe olmak üzere toplam dört eser

mevcuttur. Birincisi M.S. IX-XI. yüzyıllar arasında yazılmış olan Midraş Tehillim’de

anlatılan bir hikâyede geçmektedir. Diğer iki İbranice örnek İspanya’da, XII. yüzyılda

Abraham İbn Ezra (ö. 1164) ve XV. yüzyılda Yom Tov Soriano tarafından yazıldı. Dördüncüsü

ise bir Osmanlı askeri olan Receb Vahyî (ö. 1923) tarafından Münâzara-i A‘zâ-yı

Beşer adıyla, önce Tercümân-ı Hakîkat ve Servet-i Fünûn’un ortaklaşa çıkardığı özel bir

sayıda (1895/6), ardından Cerîde-i Sûfiyye’de yayımlandı (1914). Bu makalede öncelikle,

organların kişileştirilmesi fikrinin kaynağı olması muhtemel fabllar incelendi. Daha

sonra münazaralar tanıtılıp şekil ve muhteva açısından birbirleriyle mukayese edildi. Bu

mukayesenin ardından, içlerinden şimdiye kadar yayımlanmamış olan Receb Vahyî’nin

münazarası neşredildi. Yapılan incelemeler neticesinde, edebî eserlerin telif sebeplerinin

özgünlüğe ulaşmada önemli bir unsur olduğu anlaşıldı. Aynı temayı işleyen eserler içerisinde

farklı gayelerle yazılmış eserlerin orijinalliği nasıl yakalayabildiği, bunun yanı

sıra aynı gayelerle yazılmış eserlerin farklı dil, din ve kültür havzalarında telif edilmiş

olmalarına rağmen birbirlerine nasıl benzeyebildiği bu dört metin üzerinden açıklandı.

Keywords

Receb Vahyî, Yom Tov Soriano, Abraham İbn Ezra, Midraş Tehillim, münazara, organ

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