Research Article

Nationality from a Philosophical Point of View: Kant’s Critique of Hume on the Concept of National Character

Volume: 19 Number: 38 June 22, 2026
EN TR

Nationality from a Philosophical Point of View: Kant’s Critique of Hume on the Concept of National Character

Abstract

The intellectual foundations of the concept of the nation and its relationship with other forms of belonging, such as ethnicity, race, and citizenship, are often overlooked. This study examines Kant’s critique of Hume on the concept of national character and its role in the Enlightenment-era conceptual differentiation between “nation” and “race.” The study begins by examining the interpretation of ethnic belonging in European intellectual thought before the Enlightenment, with a focus on the paradigm shift of the 18th century. It then explores how 17th- and 18th-century thinkers conceptualized ‘nation,’ ‘race,’ and related social categories, providing the intellectual backdrop for Kant’s critique of Hume. The analysis identifies the epistemological foundations that separated their positions −Hume’s empiricist particularism versus Kant’s rationalist-teleological universalism− and argues that this confrontation constitutes one important episode in the intellectual genealogy of the primordialist-constructivist divide that has long structured contemporary nationalism studies.

Keywords

References

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  2. BERNASCONI Robert, “Kant and Blumenbach’s Polyps: A Neglected Chapter in the History of the Concept of Race,” Sara Eigen and Mark Larrimore, eds., The German Invention of Race, State University of New York Press, New York 2006, pp. 73–91.
  3. ———, Irk Kavramını Kim İcat Etti? Felsefi Düşüncede Irk ve Irkçılık, (trans. Zeynep Direk, İsmail Esiner, Nazlı Öktem, and Meriç Tendü), Metis Yayınları, İstanbul 2011.
  4. BERNIER François, “A New Division of Earth”, (trans. Janet L. Nelson), History Workshop Journal, vol. 51, 2001, pp. 247–250.
  5. BOURDIEU Pierre, Practical Reason: On the Theory of Action, (trans. Randal Johnson), Stanford University Press, California 1998.
  6. BRAUDE Benjamin, “The Sons of Noah and the Construction of Ethnic and Geographical Identities in the Medieval and Early Modern Periods,” The William and Mary Quarterly, XLIX/1, 1997, pp. 103–142.
  7. BROWN Ricardo, Until Darwin: Science, Human Variety and the Origins of Race, Routledge, London 2011.
  8. BURKE Peter, Languages and Communities in Early Modern Europe, Cambridge University Press, New York 2004.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Contemporary Philosophy , History of Philosophy (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 22, 2026

Submission Date

November 25, 2024

Acceptance Date

March 11, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 19 Number: 38

APA
Danış, F. (2026). Nationality from a Philosophical Point of View: Kant’s Critique of Hume on the Concept of National Character. Gazi Akademik Bakış, 19(38), 39-60. https://doi.org/10.19060/gav.1972964
AMA
1.Danış F. Nationality from a Philosophical Point of View: Kant’s Critique of Hume on the Concept of National Character. Gazi Akademik Bakış. 2026;19(38):39-60. doi:10.19060/gav.1972964
Chicago
Danış, Fahri. 2026. “Nationality from a Philosophical Point of View: Kant’s Critique of Hume on the Concept of National Character”. Gazi Akademik Bakış 19 (38): 39-60. https://doi.org/10.19060/gav.1972964.
EndNote
Danış F (June 1, 2026) Nationality from a Philosophical Point of View: Kant’s Critique of Hume on the Concept of National Character. Gazi Akademik Bakış 19 38 39–60.
IEEE
[1]F. Danış, “Nationality from a Philosophical Point of View: Kant’s Critique of Hume on the Concept of National Character”, Gazi Akademik Bakış, vol. 19, no. 38, pp. 39–60, June 2026, doi: 10.19060/gav.1972964.
ISNAD
Danış, Fahri. “Nationality from a Philosophical Point of View: Kant’s Critique of Hume on the Concept of National Character”. Gazi Akademik Bakış 19/38 (June 1, 2026): 39-60. https://doi.org/10.19060/gav.1972964.
JAMA
1.Danış F. Nationality from a Philosophical Point of View: Kant’s Critique of Hume on the Concept of National Character. Gazi Akademik Bakış. 2026;19:39–60.
MLA
Danış, Fahri. “Nationality from a Philosophical Point of View: Kant’s Critique of Hume on the Concept of National Character”. Gazi Akademik Bakış, vol. 19, no. 38, June 2026, pp. 39-60, doi:10.19060/gav.1972964.
Vancouver
1.Fahri Danış. Nationality from a Philosophical Point of View: Kant’s Critique of Hume on the Concept of National Character. Gazi Akademik Bakış. 2026 Jun. 1;19(38):39-60. doi:10.19060/gav.1972964