Assessing Türkiye’s Blue Homeland Doctrine through Mahanian Sea Power Theory
Abstract
This study analyzes Türkiye’s “Blue Homeland” doctrine through Alfred Thayer Mahan’s principles of sea power, assessing its role in shifting Türkiye from a land-oriented tradition to a maritime orientation. It discusses the three core elements of sea power—fleet, trade, and bases—alongside Mahan’s six strategic factors: geographical position, physical conformation, extent of territory, population, national character, and governmental character. The central research questions of the study are: How has Blue Homeland shaped Türkiye’s naval strategy? And to what extent has it placed the country on the path to becoming a sea power? The study argues that the Blue Homeland doctrine has catalyzed a strategic reorientation by expanding naval capabilities, reinforcing regional security roles, and advancing offshore energy exploration activities. It highlights the impact of indigenous defense programs, alongside overseas basing and forward-defense initiatives, as evidence of Türkiye’s emerging maritime identity. However, the process also has some shortcomings: institutional fragmentation, a lack of codified maritime strategy, economic constraints, and the persistence of a land-centric outlook. From a Mahanian perspective, the Blue Homeland doctrine has nudged Türkiye toward a regional sea power by prioritizing naval modernization, securing maritime trade routes, and extending operational reach. However, without sustained investment in fleet capacity, overseas bases, and cultural embrace of the sea across society, ambitions risk outpacing capabilities. The article concludes that Blue Homeland represents a pivotal first step in Türkiye’s maritime transformation; however, its long-term success depends on whether the strategic vision can be translated into enduring naval strength and influence.
Keywords
References
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Turkish Foreign Policy, International Security
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Ferhan Oral
This is me
Türkiye
Serhat Süha Çubukçuoğlu
0009-0007-2643-8149
United Arab Emirates
Publication Date
June 22, 2026
Submission Date
September 18, 2025
Acceptance Date
April 20, 2026
Published in Issue
Year 2026 Volume: 19 Number: 38