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EVALUATION OF ORTHOREXIA NERVOSA TENDENCY AND SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Year 2024, Volume: 34 Issue: 6, 867 - 874, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1557960

Abstract

Background/Aim: Developments in internet and smartphone technology have increased the use of social media in society. Content regarding healthy nutrition attracts great attention on social media. This situation can lead to various eating disorders, especially in university students who are in an important period of their lives and can be more easily affected by environmental stimuli. Intense exposure to such content on social media can be a trigger for Orthorexia Nervosa (ON), an obsession with healthy eating. This study aimed to determine the frequency of ON tendency in university students, to examine the effects of various factors on ON tendency, and to examine the relationship between social media addiction and ON tendency.
Methods: This research, planned as a cross-sectional and descriptive study, was conducted on undergraduate students studying at Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University. The sample of the research consisted of 1153 students reached by simple random sampling method. Data was collected between September and December 2022 by applying online data collection tools through a structured survey created in Google Forms. Data were collected using a personal information form, Orthorexia-11 scale (ORTO-11) and Bergen social media addiction scale (BSMAS).
Results: The average age of the students participating in the research was found to be 20.4±2.0 years. ON tendency was detected as 24%. A significant difference was found between the students' ORTO-11 scores and gender and BMI (p<0.05). A statistically low significant negative relationship was found between ORTO-11 scores and BSMAS scores (r=-0.058, p=0.048). According to this result, as social media addiction increases, the ON tendency also increases.
Conclusion: This study showed that social media addiction can affect ON tendency. Social media users should be made aware of choosing experts in their field who provide accurate and reliable information. More and detailed research would be useful to confirm these findings.

References

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  • 3- Rounsefell K, Gibson S, McLean S, Blair M, Molenaar A, Brennan L, et al. Social media, body image, and food choices in healthy young adults: A mixed methods systematic review. Nutrition & Dietetics 2020;77(1):19-40.
  • 4- Santarossa S, Woodruff SJ. #SocialMedia: Exploring the relationship of social networking sites on body image, self-esteem, and eating disorders. Soc Media Soc 2017;3(2):2056305117704407.
  • 5- Ramírez AS, Freres D, Martinez LS, Lewis N, Bourgoin A, Kelly BJ, et al. Information seeking from media and family/friends increases the likelihood of engaging in healthy lifestyle behaviors. J Health Commun 2013;18(5):527-542.
  • 6- Mento C, Silvestri MC, Muscatello MRA, Rizzo A, Celebre L, Praticò M, et al. Psychological Impact of pro-anorexia and pro-eating disorder websites on adolescent females: A systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18(4): 2186.
  • 7- Hamurcu P. Yeme Davranışı, Yeme Bozukluğu ve Ortoreksiya Nervoza Yordayıcıları Olarak Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı ve Kullanım Amaçları: Genç Yetişkinler Üzerine Bir Çalışma. Bağımlılık Dergisi 2023;24(2):133-145.
  • 8- Bratman S, Knight D. Health Food Junkies: Orthorexia Nervosa: Overcoming the Obsession with Healthful Eating. First Edition, New York: Broadway Books; 2001.
  • 9- Skella P, Chelmi ME, Panagouli E, Garoufi A, Psaltopoulou T, Mastorakos G, et al. Orthorexia and Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review. Children 2022;9(4):514.
  • 10- Oberle CD, Klare DL, Patyk KC. Health beliefs, behaviors, and symptoms associated with orthorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord 2019;24(3):495-506.
  • 11- Turner PG, Lefevre CE. Instagram use is linked to increased symptoms of orthorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord 2017;22(2):277-284.
  • 12- Yurtdaş-Depboylu G, Kaner G, Özçakal S. The association between social media addiction and orthorexia nervosa, eating attitudes, and body image among adolescents. Eat Weight Disord 2022;27(8):3725-3735.
  • 13- Asil E, Yılmaz MV, Ayyıldız F, Yalçın T. The effect of social media use on orthorexia nervosa: a sample from Turkey. Nutr Hosp 2023;40(2):384-390.
  • 14- Yılmazel G. Orthorexia tendency and social media addiction among candidate doctors and nurses. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021;57(4):1846-1852.
  • 15- Yılmaz H, Ünal GA. Ortorektik Eğilimlerin Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı, Yeme Tutumu ve Beden Algısı İle İlişkisi. Bağımlılık Dergisi 2024;25(2):203-215.
  • 16- World Health Organization (WHO). BMI classification [Internet], Global Database on Body Mass Index. (2004) Available from: http://www.assessmentpsychology.com/icbmi.htm. (accessed on 12 January 2024)
  • 17- Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: validation of a diagnosis questionnaire. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia, and Obesity 2005;10(2):28-32
  • 18- Arusoğlu G, Kabakçi E, Köksal G, Merdol TK. Orthorexia Nervosa and Adaptation of ORTO11 into Turkish. Turkish journal of psychiatry, 2008;19(3):283-291
  • 19- Andreassen CS, Billieux J, Griffiths MD, Kuss DJ, Demetrovics Z, Mazzoni E, et al. The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: A large-scale cross-sectional study Psychol Addict Behav 2016;30:252–62.
  • 20- Demirci İ. Bergen sosyal medyabağımlılığı ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması, depresyon ve anksiyete belirtileriyle ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi 2019;20:15-22.
  • 21- Gorrasi ISR, Bonetta S, Roppolo M, Abbate Daga G, Bo S, Tagliabue A, et al. (2020). Traits of orthorexia nervosa and muscle dysmorphia in Italian university students: a multicentre study. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity 2020;25:1413-23.
  • 22- Varga M, Máté G. Eating and body image related problems in orthorexia nervosa. The 17th International Conference on Eating Disorders: Abstract book; 2009. p. 39.
  • 23- Brytek-Matera A, Onieva-Zafra MD, Parra-Fernández ML, Staniszewska A, Modrzejewska J, Fernández-Martínez E. Evaluation of Orthorexia Nervosa and Symptomatology Associated with Eating Disorders among European University Students: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2020; 12(12):3716.
  • 24- Lasson C, Barthels F, Raynal P. Psychometric evaluation of the French version of the Düsseldorfer Orthorexia Skala (DOS) and prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among university students. Eat Weight Disord 2012;26: 2589–2596.
  • 25- Sanlier N, Yassibas E, Bilici S, Sahin G, Celik B. Does the rise in eating disorders lead to increasing risk of orthorexia nervosa? Correlations with gender, education, and body mass index. Ecol Food Nutr 2016;55(3):266-78.
  • 26- Oğur S, Aksoy A. Determination of the Orthorexia Nervosa Tendency in University Students. BEU Journal of Science 2015;4(2):93-102.
  • 27- Varga M, Dukay-Szabó S, Túryfvan-Furth-Eric F. Evidence and gaps in the literature on orthorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord. 2013;18(2):103- 111.
  • 28- Fidan T, Ertekin V, Işıkay S, Kırpınar I. Prevalence of orthorexia among medical students in Erzurum. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 2010;51(1):49- 55.
  • 29- Arslantaş H, Adana F, Öğüt S, Ayakdaş D, Korkmaz A. Relationship Between Eating Behaviors of Nursing Students and Orthorexia Nervosa (Obsession with Healthy Eating): A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 2017; 8(3):137-144.
  • 30- Çobanoğlu Z, Akman M. Consideration of healthy eating obsession (orthorexia nervosa) for students educated in nutrition and dietetics department. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021;9: 35-43.
  • 31- Asil E, Sürücüoğlu MS. Orthorexia Nervosa in Turkish Dietitians. Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 2015;54(4): 303–313.
  • 32- Alvarenga MS, Martins MC, Sato KS, Vargas SV, Philippi, ST, Scagliusi FB. Orthorexia nervosa behavior in a sample of Brazilian dietitians assessed by the Portuguese version of ORTO-15. Eat Weight Disord 2012;17: e29–35.
  • 33- Özkan AN, Ülkücü A, Kanter T, Tapan ME, Turgutlugil B, Çaylan A. Evaluating orthorexia tendency among Trakya University Medical School students. Turkish Medical Student Journal 2015;2(1):1–4.
  • 34- Ramacciotti CE, Perrone P, Coli E, Burgalassi A, Conversano C, Massimetti G, et al. Orthorexia nervosa in the general population: a preliminary screening using a self-administered questionnaire (ORTO-15). Eat Weight Disord 2011;16: e127–30
  • 35- Koven NS, Senbonmatsu R. A neuropsychological evaluation of orthorexia nervosa. Open Journal of Psychiatry 2013; 3:214–22.
  • 36- Dell’Osso L, Cremone IM, Chiarantini I, Arone A, Casagrande D, Massimetti G et al. Investigating orthorexia nervosa with the ORTO-R in a sample of university students with or without subthreshold autism spectrum: focus on dietary habits and gender differences. Front Psychiatry 2022;14(13):900880.
  • 37- Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani DMP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: A preliminary study with a proposal for diagnosis and an attempt to measure the dimension of the phenomenon. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia, and Obesity 2004;9(2):151–57.
  • 38- Brytek Matera A. Orthorexia Nervosa an eating disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or disturbed eating habit? Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 2012; 1:55–60.
  • 39- Luck-Sikorski C, Jung F, Schlosser K, Riedel-Heller SG. Is orthorexic behavior common in the general public? A large representative study in Germany. Eat Weight Disord 2019;24(2):267–273.
  • 40- Strahler, J. Sex differences in orthorexic eating behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analytical integration. Nutrition, 2019;67:110534.
  • 41- Gezer C, Kabaran. S. The risk of orthorexia nervosa for female students studying nutrition and dietetics. S.D.U. Journal of Health Sciences 2013;4(1):14–22.
  • 42- Cinosi, E., I. Matarazzo, S. Marini, T. Acciavatti, M. Lupi, M. Corbo, R, et al. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in a population of young Italian adults. European Psychiatry 2015;30 (Suppl 1):1330.
  • 43- Gökbulut B, Bilen H. Examination of the Relationship Between Social Media Addiction and Depression, Anxiety and Stress of University Students. J Higher Edu Sci 2024;14(1):66-75.
  • 44- Balcı Ş, Baloğlu E. The Relationship between Social Media Addiction and Depression: “A Survey among University Youth”. Galatasaray University Journal of Communication 2018;(29):209-234.
  • 45- Şahin E, Fulya T, Hamamcı Z. The Relationship Between Coping Attitudes of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Experienced During Covid-19 Pandemic and Social Media Addiction. Journal of Erciyes Communication 2022;9(1),165-186.
  • 46- Korkmaz S. The Link between Positive and Negative Religious Coping, Social Media Addiction and Loneliness. Tasavvur Tekirdag theology journal, 2021;7(1),237-71.
  • 47- Uslu M. The Analysis of Social Media Addiction and Usage in Turkey. Turkish Academic Research Review, 2021;6(2):370-96.
  • 48- Arcan K. Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on social media addiction: Investigation among university students Journal of Clinical Psychology Research 2023:7(2):187-204.
  • 49- Coşkun GG, Demir BA. Evaluation of Undergraduate Students’ Healthy Eating Attitudes Related Social Media Addiction-A Case of a University in Istanbul Fenerbahce University Journal of Health Sciences 2021;1(3):195-205.

ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE ORTOREKSİYA NERVOZA EĞİLİMİNİN VE SOSYAL MEDYA BAĞIMLILIĞININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Year 2024, Volume: 34 Issue: 6, 867 - 874, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1557960

Abstract

References

  • 1- He Z, Yang W. Impulsiveness as potential moderators of the relation between social media dependence and eating disorders risk. BMC Psychology, 2022;10(1):1-7.
  • 2- Mushtaq T, Ashraf S, Hameed H, Irfan A, Shahid M, Kanwal R, et al. Prevalence of Eating Disorders and Their Association with Social Media Addiction among Youths. Nutrients. 2023;15(21):4687.
  • 3- Rounsefell K, Gibson S, McLean S, Blair M, Molenaar A, Brennan L, et al. Social media, body image, and food choices in healthy young adults: A mixed methods systematic review. Nutrition & Dietetics 2020;77(1):19-40.
  • 4- Santarossa S, Woodruff SJ. #SocialMedia: Exploring the relationship of social networking sites on body image, self-esteem, and eating disorders. Soc Media Soc 2017;3(2):2056305117704407.
  • 5- Ramírez AS, Freres D, Martinez LS, Lewis N, Bourgoin A, Kelly BJ, et al. Information seeking from media and family/friends increases the likelihood of engaging in healthy lifestyle behaviors. J Health Commun 2013;18(5):527-542.
  • 6- Mento C, Silvestri MC, Muscatello MRA, Rizzo A, Celebre L, Praticò M, et al. Psychological Impact of pro-anorexia and pro-eating disorder websites on adolescent females: A systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18(4): 2186.
  • 7- Hamurcu P. Yeme Davranışı, Yeme Bozukluğu ve Ortoreksiya Nervoza Yordayıcıları Olarak Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı ve Kullanım Amaçları: Genç Yetişkinler Üzerine Bir Çalışma. Bağımlılık Dergisi 2023;24(2):133-145.
  • 8- Bratman S, Knight D. Health Food Junkies: Orthorexia Nervosa: Overcoming the Obsession with Healthful Eating. First Edition, New York: Broadway Books; 2001.
  • 9- Skella P, Chelmi ME, Panagouli E, Garoufi A, Psaltopoulou T, Mastorakos G, et al. Orthorexia and Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review. Children 2022;9(4):514.
  • 10- Oberle CD, Klare DL, Patyk KC. Health beliefs, behaviors, and symptoms associated with orthorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord 2019;24(3):495-506.
  • 11- Turner PG, Lefevre CE. Instagram use is linked to increased symptoms of orthorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord 2017;22(2):277-284.
  • 12- Yurtdaş-Depboylu G, Kaner G, Özçakal S. The association between social media addiction and orthorexia nervosa, eating attitudes, and body image among adolescents. Eat Weight Disord 2022;27(8):3725-3735.
  • 13- Asil E, Yılmaz MV, Ayyıldız F, Yalçın T. The effect of social media use on orthorexia nervosa: a sample from Turkey. Nutr Hosp 2023;40(2):384-390.
  • 14- Yılmazel G. Orthorexia tendency and social media addiction among candidate doctors and nurses. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021;57(4):1846-1852.
  • 15- Yılmaz H, Ünal GA. Ortorektik Eğilimlerin Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı, Yeme Tutumu ve Beden Algısı İle İlişkisi. Bağımlılık Dergisi 2024;25(2):203-215.
  • 16- World Health Organization (WHO). BMI classification [Internet], Global Database on Body Mass Index. (2004) Available from: http://www.assessmentpsychology.com/icbmi.htm. (accessed on 12 January 2024)
  • 17- Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: validation of a diagnosis questionnaire. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia, and Obesity 2005;10(2):28-32
  • 18- Arusoğlu G, Kabakçi E, Köksal G, Merdol TK. Orthorexia Nervosa and Adaptation of ORTO11 into Turkish. Turkish journal of psychiatry, 2008;19(3):283-291
  • 19- Andreassen CS, Billieux J, Griffiths MD, Kuss DJ, Demetrovics Z, Mazzoni E, et al. The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: A large-scale cross-sectional study Psychol Addict Behav 2016;30:252–62.
  • 20- Demirci İ. Bergen sosyal medyabağımlılığı ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması, depresyon ve anksiyete belirtileriyle ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi 2019;20:15-22.
  • 21- Gorrasi ISR, Bonetta S, Roppolo M, Abbate Daga G, Bo S, Tagliabue A, et al. (2020). Traits of orthorexia nervosa and muscle dysmorphia in Italian university students: a multicentre study. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity 2020;25:1413-23.
  • 22- Varga M, Máté G. Eating and body image related problems in orthorexia nervosa. The 17th International Conference on Eating Disorders: Abstract book; 2009. p. 39.
  • 23- Brytek-Matera A, Onieva-Zafra MD, Parra-Fernández ML, Staniszewska A, Modrzejewska J, Fernández-Martínez E. Evaluation of Orthorexia Nervosa and Symptomatology Associated with Eating Disorders among European University Students: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2020; 12(12):3716.
  • 24- Lasson C, Barthels F, Raynal P. Psychometric evaluation of the French version of the Düsseldorfer Orthorexia Skala (DOS) and prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among university students. Eat Weight Disord 2012;26: 2589–2596.
  • 25- Sanlier N, Yassibas E, Bilici S, Sahin G, Celik B. Does the rise in eating disorders lead to increasing risk of orthorexia nervosa? Correlations with gender, education, and body mass index. Ecol Food Nutr 2016;55(3):266-78.
  • 26- Oğur S, Aksoy A. Determination of the Orthorexia Nervosa Tendency in University Students. BEU Journal of Science 2015;4(2):93-102.
  • 27- Varga M, Dukay-Szabó S, Túryfvan-Furth-Eric F. Evidence and gaps in the literature on orthorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord. 2013;18(2):103- 111.
  • 28- Fidan T, Ertekin V, Işıkay S, Kırpınar I. Prevalence of orthorexia among medical students in Erzurum. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 2010;51(1):49- 55.
  • 29- Arslantaş H, Adana F, Öğüt S, Ayakdaş D, Korkmaz A. Relationship Between Eating Behaviors of Nursing Students and Orthorexia Nervosa (Obsession with Healthy Eating): A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 2017; 8(3):137-144.
  • 30- Çobanoğlu Z, Akman M. Consideration of healthy eating obsession (orthorexia nervosa) for students educated in nutrition and dietetics department. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021;9: 35-43.
  • 31- Asil E, Sürücüoğlu MS. Orthorexia Nervosa in Turkish Dietitians. Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 2015;54(4): 303–313.
  • 32- Alvarenga MS, Martins MC, Sato KS, Vargas SV, Philippi, ST, Scagliusi FB. Orthorexia nervosa behavior in a sample of Brazilian dietitians assessed by the Portuguese version of ORTO-15. Eat Weight Disord 2012;17: e29–35.
  • 33- Özkan AN, Ülkücü A, Kanter T, Tapan ME, Turgutlugil B, Çaylan A. Evaluating orthorexia tendency among Trakya University Medical School students. Turkish Medical Student Journal 2015;2(1):1–4.
  • 34- Ramacciotti CE, Perrone P, Coli E, Burgalassi A, Conversano C, Massimetti G, et al. Orthorexia nervosa in the general population: a preliminary screening using a self-administered questionnaire (ORTO-15). Eat Weight Disord 2011;16: e127–30
  • 35- Koven NS, Senbonmatsu R. A neuropsychological evaluation of orthorexia nervosa. Open Journal of Psychiatry 2013; 3:214–22.
  • 36- Dell’Osso L, Cremone IM, Chiarantini I, Arone A, Casagrande D, Massimetti G et al. Investigating orthorexia nervosa with the ORTO-R in a sample of university students with or without subthreshold autism spectrum: focus on dietary habits and gender differences. Front Psychiatry 2022;14(13):900880.
  • 37- Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani DMP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: A preliminary study with a proposal for diagnosis and an attempt to measure the dimension of the phenomenon. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia, and Obesity 2004;9(2):151–57.
  • 38- Brytek Matera A. Orthorexia Nervosa an eating disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or disturbed eating habit? Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 2012; 1:55–60.
  • 39- Luck-Sikorski C, Jung F, Schlosser K, Riedel-Heller SG. Is orthorexic behavior common in the general public? A large representative study in Germany. Eat Weight Disord 2019;24(2):267–273.
  • 40- Strahler, J. Sex differences in orthorexic eating behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analytical integration. Nutrition, 2019;67:110534.
  • 41- Gezer C, Kabaran. S. The risk of orthorexia nervosa for female students studying nutrition and dietetics. S.D.U. Journal of Health Sciences 2013;4(1):14–22.
  • 42- Cinosi, E., I. Matarazzo, S. Marini, T. Acciavatti, M. Lupi, M. Corbo, R, et al. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in a population of young Italian adults. European Psychiatry 2015;30 (Suppl 1):1330.
  • 43- Gökbulut B, Bilen H. Examination of the Relationship Between Social Media Addiction and Depression, Anxiety and Stress of University Students. J Higher Edu Sci 2024;14(1):66-75.
  • 44- Balcı Ş, Baloğlu E. The Relationship between Social Media Addiction and Depression: “A Survey among University Youth”. Galatasaray University Journal of Communication 2018;(29):209-234.
  • 45- Şahin E, Fulya T, Hamamcı Z. The Relationship Between Coping Attitudes of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Experienced During Covid-19 Pandemic and Social Media Addiction. Journal of Erciyes Communication 2022;9(1),165-186.
  • 46- Korkmaz S. The Link between Positive and Negative Religious Coping, Social Media Addiction and Loneliness. Tasavvur Tekirdag theology journal, 2021;7(1),237-71.
  • 47- Uslu M. The Analysis of Social Media Addiction and Usage in Turkey. Turkish Academic Research Review, 2021;6(2):370-96.
  • 48- Arcan K. Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on social media addiction: Investigation among university students Journal of Clinical Psychology Research 2023:7(2):187-204.
  • 49- Coşkun GG, Demir BA. Evaluation of Undergraduate Students’ Healthy Eating Attitudes Related Social Media Addiction-A Case of a University in Istanbul Fenerbahce University Journal of Health Sciences 2021;1(3):195-205.
There are 49 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Ezgi Toptaş Bıyıklı 0000-0002-9277-100X

Ali Emrah Bıyıklı 0000-0003-2254-2348

Early Pub Date December 30, 2024
Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date September 29, 2024
Acceptance Date November 26, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 34 Issue: 6

Cite

Vancouver Toptaş Bıyıklı E, Bıyıklı AE. EVALUATION OF ORTHOREXIA NERVOSA TENDENCY AND SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS. Genel Tıp Derg. 2024;34(6):867-74.

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