Research Article

The Ceramic Kiln of the Side Eastern Necropolis Production Area: Archaeology, Production Technology, Environmental Contexts, and Epigraphic Intersections

Volume: 31 June 20, 2026
EN

The Ceramic Kiln of the Side Eastern Necropolis Production Area: Archaeology, Production Technology, Environmental Contexts, and Epigraphic Intersections

Abstract

This study examines a ceramic kiln uncovered in Area 2 of the Eastern Necropolis Production Area at the Ancient City of Side. Constructed using a combination of different types of stone, such as sandstone, conglomerate and travertine, the structure represents a kiln type with a near-circular elliptical plan, double walls and an updraft ventilation system. Stratigraphic data indicate that the kiln was constructed in the late 5th century AD and early 6th century AD and remained in use until the first half of the 7th century. With a diameter exceeding five metres, this structure can be classified as a high-capacity production unit. The kiln’s location on the periphery of the city, its proximity to water sources and clay deposits, and the fact that it was built embedded in sandy soil indicate that environmental and logistical factors played a decisive role in the production process. Furthermore, its spatial relationship with the nearby necropolis church and the inscription “ΠΑΥ” found on the kiln Wall point to possible institutional links in the production activities. In light of this data, it is evident that the Side Eastern Necropolis served not only as a burial ground during the Late Antique Period, but also as a multifunctional production center where the city’s economic and productive activities were carried out.

Keywords

Thanks

Archaeological excavation and documentation activities were conducted within the scope of the “Side Ancient City Heritage for the Future Project,” carried out under the auspices of the Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Culture and Tourism. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the Excavation Directorate of Side Ancient City, and all members of the excavation team for their support. Additionally, the works conducted in 2025 in the areas located to the north of Area 2 were supported by the Koç University Suna & İnan Kıraç Research Center for Mediterranean Civilizations (AKMED) (Project No: KU AKMED 2025/P.1091).

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Archaeology (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 20, 2026

Submission Date

April 9, 2026

Acceptance Date

May 22, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 31

APA
Akca, S., Öztekin, V., & Şen, D. (2026). The Ceramic Kiln of the Side Eastern Necropolis Production Area: Archaeology, Production Technology, Environmental Contexts, and Epigraphic Intersections. Gephyra, 31, 151-174. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1927012
AMA
1.Akca S, Öztekin V, Şen D. The Ceramic Kiln of the Side Eastern Necropolis Production Area: Archaeology, Production Technology, Environmental Contexts, and Epigraphic Intersections. GEPHYRA. 2026;31:151-174. doi:10.37095/gephyra.1927012
Chicago
Akca, Serap, Volkan Öztekin, and Dilek Şen. 2026. “The Ceramic Kiln of the Side Eastern Necropolis Production Area: Archaeology, Production Technology, Environmental Contexts, and Epigraphic Intersections”. Gephyra 31 (June): 151-74. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1927012.
EndNote
Akca S, Öztekin V, Şen D (June 1, 2026) The Ceramic Kiln of the Side Eastern Necropolis Production Area: Archaeology, Production Technology, Environmental Contexts, and Epigraphic Intersections. Gephyra 31 151–174.
IEEE
[1]S. Akca, V. Öztekin, and D. Şen, “The Ceramic Kiln of the Side Eastern Necropolis Production Area: Archaeology, Production Technology, Environmental Contexts, and Epigraphic Intersections”, GEPHYRA, vol. 31, pp. 151–174, June 2026, doi: 10.37095/gephyra.1927012.
ISNAD
Akca, Serap - Öztekin, Volkan - Şen, Dilek. “The Ceramic Kiln of the Side Eastern Necropolis Production Area: Archaeology, Production Technology, Environmental Contexts, and Epigraphic Intersections”. Gephyra 31 (June 1, 2026): 151-174. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1927012.
JAMA
1.Akca S, Öztekin V, Şen D. The Ceramic Kiln of the Side Eastern Necropolis Production Area: Archaeology, Production Technology, Environmental Contexts, and Epigraphic Intersections. GEPHYRA. 2026;31:151–174.
MLA
Akca, Serap, et al. “The Ceramic Kiln of the Side Eastern Necropolis Production Area: Archaeology, Production Technology, Environmental Contexts, and Epigraphic Intersections”. Gephyra, vol. 31, June 2026, pp. 151-74, doi:10.37095/gephyra.1927012.
Vancouver
1.Serap Akca, Volkan Öztekin, Dilek Şen. The Ceramic Kiln of the Side Eastern Necropolis Production Area: Archaeology, Production Technology, Environmental Contexts, and Epigraphic Intersections. GEPHYRA. 2026 Jun. 1;31:151-74. doi:10.37095/gephyra.1927012